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Tourism Development in the Borderlands of Romania: A Case Study of the Danube Gorge–Iron Gates

Andrei-Florin Băbăț
Andrei-Florin Băbăț
 und 
Sorin Pavel
Sorin Pavel
   | 29. Dez. 2022
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Online veröffentlicht: 29. Dez. 2022
Seitenbereich: 107 - 125
Eingereicht: 07. Juli 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.14746/quageo-2022-0037
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© 2022 Andrei-Florin Băbăț et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

The influence of the most important elements on the tourist attractiveness of a near-border area (after Więckowski 2010).Source: own compilation.
The influence of the most important elements on the tourist attractiveness of a near-border area (after Więckowski 2010).Source: own compilation.

Fig. 2

Location of the Danube Gorge–Iron Gates region (after Pătroescu, Necșuliu 2008 with modifications).Source: own compilation.
Location of the Danube Gorge–Iron Gates region (after Pătroescu, Necșuliu 2008 with modifications).Source: own compilation.

Fig. 3

The rock sculpture of King Decebal and Cazanele Mici.Source: photos taken by Andrei-Florin Băbăț.
The rock sculpture of King Decebal and Cazanele Mici.Source: photos taken by Andrei-Florin Băbăț.

Fig. 4

A flowchart of the methodology used.Source: own study.
A flowchart of the methodology used.Source: own study.

Fig. 5

The historical context of the Romanian-Serbian border in the period 1919–2021.Source: own study.
The historical context of the Romanian-Serbian border in the period 1919–2021.Source: own study.

Fig. 6

The structure of total accommodation capacity in the Danube Gorge (2019).1 – hotels; 2 – hostels; 3 – motels, tourist villas, tourist huts, bungalows and tourist cottages; 4 – tourist pensions; 5 – agritourism pensions.Source: own study.
The structure of total accommodation capacity in the Danube Gorge (2019).1 – hotels; 2 – hostels; 3 – motels, tourist villas, tourist huts, bungalows and tourist cottages; 4 – tourist pensions; 5 – agritourism pensions.Source: own study.

Fig. 6

The structure of total accommodation capacity in the Danube Gorge (2019).1 – hotels; 2 – hostels; 3 – motels, tourist villas, tourist huts, bungalows and tourist cottages; 4 – tourist pensions; 5 – agritourism pensions.Source: own study.
The structure of total accommodation capacity in the Danube Gorge (2019).1 – hotels; 2 – hostels; 3 – motels, tourist villas, tourist huts, bungalows and tourist cottages; 4 – tourist pensions; 5 – agritourism pensions.Source: own study.

Fig. 8

Localities that have recorded increases in tourist arrivals.Source: own study.
Localities that have recorded increases in tourist arrivals.Source: own study.

Fig. 9

The competitiveness of tourism.Source: own compilation.
The competitiveness of tourism.Source: own compilation.

Evolution of the chronological indicators of the number of tourists in the Danube Gorge.

Years Absolute indicators Relative indicators
Level Absolute change Dynamic indexes Growth rate
yt Δt/1 Δt/t−1 It/1 (%) It/t−1 (%) Rt/1(%) Rt/t−1(%)
2015 68,961 – – – – – –
2016 78,756 19,795 −9,795 114.20 114.20 14.20 14.20
2017 84,712 15,751 −5,956 122.84 122.69 22.69 7.56
2018 79,898 10,937 −4,814 115.85 115.85 15.85 −5.70
2019 85,218 16,257 −5,320 123.57 123.57 23.57 6.65

Analysis of the tourism potential of the Danube Gorge.

Indicator Value Points Value Points Value Points Value Points Value Points
Tourist arrivals Under 2,500 1 2,500–5,000 2 5,000–7,500 3 7,500–10,000 4 Over 10,000 5
Accommodation capacity Under 100 1 100–200 2 200–300 3 300–400 4 Over 400 5
Tourism potential 1–2 1 2–3 2 3–4 3 4–5 4 Over 5 5

The localities in the Danube Gorge where tourist arrivals increased.

Locality Years (no. Sosiri Turistice)
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019
Orșova 5,649 7,835 9,074 8,133 10,258
Berzasca 1,439 1,634 1,958 3,386 3,859
Pojejena 1457 1,697 1,987 1,580 2,195
Eșelnița 1,344 2,871 3,621 4,002 5,919

Tourist accommodation capacity by type of tourist accommodation (2019).

Type of tourist accommodation Locality/number of places
1. Drobeta-Turnu Severin 2. Breznița-Ocol 3. Ilovița 4. Orșova 5. Eșelnița 6. Dubova 7. Svinița
Hotels 799 0 0 44 0 0 0
Hostels 245 0 0 54 0 0 0
Motels 45 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tourist villas 24 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tourist huts 0 0 0 0 0 10 0
Bungalows 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tourist cottages 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tourist pensions 164 0 0 102 0 0 0
Agritourism pensions 0 0 0 0 428 118 28
Total 1,277 0 0 200 428 128 28

Types of tourism present in the Danube Gorge area.

Type of tourism Location Examples of tourism products offered Entity offering
Rural tourism Eșelnița, Eibenthal, Moldova Nouă festival ‘Different ethnically, but united culturally’ local government
Cruise tourism Orșova, Dubova local cruise private operators
Sports tourism Coronini, Sichevița, Berzasca, Svinița, Dubova cycling routes local government
Gastronomic tourism Orșova, Moldova Nouă, Svinița, Dubova, Eșelnița, Pojejena tastings of traditional products tourist pensions
Cultural tourism Drobeta-Turnu Severin, Dubova, Eșelnița guided visits private operators
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