Identifying factors associated with adolescents’ Intention for childbirth
, , and | Feb 22, 2023
About this article
Article Category: Original articles
Published Online: Feb 22, 2023
Page range: 93 - 103
Received: May 19, 2022
Accepted: Dec 02, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.34763/jmotherandchild.20222601.d-22-00022
Keywords
© 2022 Dimitra Varnakioti et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Participants’ intention towards vaginal birth and the sources of information
| Can you imagine yourself having children sometime in the future? | 427 (89.0) |
| Your attitude towards pregnancy and vaginal birth was shaped mainly from: | |
| Visual means | 57 (11.9) |
| Written means | 8 (1.7) |
| Friends’ experiences/stories | 62 (12.9) |
| Experiences/stories of family members | 181 (37.7) |
| School | 23 (4.8) |
| Other | 8 (1.7) |
| All the above | 141 (29.4) |
| From the medium from which you were informed about vaginal birth, your impressions were, on average: | |
| Positive | 182 (37.9) |
| Negative | 24 (5.0) |
| Both | 235 (49.0) |
| Neither positive nor negative | 39 (8.1) |
| Subjects you wish to be more informed about: | |
| The procedure of pregnancy | 49 (10.2) |
| Promotion of a healthy pregnancy (diet, way of living) | 38 (7.9) |
| The procedure of labor | 41 (8.5) |
| Available services of healthy reproduction | 13 (2.7) |
| What could go wrong during pregnancy and labor | 57 (11.9) |
| How both partners could be included in the experi- ence of birth | 23 (4.8) |
| All the above | 259 (54.1) |
| Assuming you could choose the type of birth for your baby, would you prefer it to be a: | |
| Vaginal birth | 377 (78.5) |
| Caesarean section delivery | 103 (21.5) |
Participants’ intention for vaginal birth or caesarean section associated with their characteristics, sources of information and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs
| Assuming you could choose the type of birth for your baby, would you prefer it to be a: |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vaginal birth | Caesarean section delivery | |||
| P | ||||
| Gender | Boys | 168 (80.4) | 41 (19.6) | 0.419+ |
| Girls | 201 (77.3) | 59 (22.7) | ||
| Age, mean (SD) | 15.5 (0.6) | 15.5 (0.6) | 0.592‡ | |
| Father’s highest level of education | Primary school completed | 53 (76.8) | 16 (23.2) | 0.549+ |
| High school completed | 215 (80.2) | 53 (19.8) | ||
| Technical School-Vocational Training Institute (VTI) | 62 (79.5) | 16 (20.5) | ||
| University degree/postgraduate degree/doctoral | 47 (72.3) | 18 (27.7) | ||
| diploma (PhD) | ||||
| Mother’s highest level of education | Primary school completed | 33 (75.0) | 11 (25.0) | 0.898+ |
| High school completed | 200 (79.7) | 51 (20.3) | ||
| Technical School-Vocational Training Institute (VTI) | 72 (78.3) | 20 (21.7) | ||
| University degree/postgraduate degree/doctoral diploma (PhD) | 72 (77.4) | 21 (22.6) | ||
| Born in Greece | Yes | 367 (78.3) | 102 (21.7) | 0.470++ |
| No | 10 (90.9) | 1 (9.1) | ||
| Field of study | Other | 159 (75.7) | 51 (24.3) | 0.184+ |
| Health Sciences | 214 (80.8) | 51 (19.2) | ||
| Can you imagine yourself having | No | 34 (64.2) | 19 (35.8) | |
| children sometime in the future? | Yes | 343 (80.3) | 84 (19.7) | |
| Your attitude towards pregnancy and vaginal birth was shaped mainly | Visual means | 42 (73.7) | 15 (26.3) | 0.886++ |
| from: | Written means | 6 (75.0) | 2 (25.0) | |
| Friends’ experiences/stories | 48 (77.4) | 14 (22.6) | ||
| Experiences/stories of family members | 142 (78.5) | 39 (21.5) | ||
| School | 20 (87.0) | 3 (13.0) | ||
| Other | 6 (75.0) | 2 (25.0) | ||
| All the above | 113 (80.1) | 28 (19.9) | ||
| From the medium from which you | Positive | 163 (89.6) | 19 (10.4) | |
| were informed about the vaginal birth, your impressions were, on | Negative | 9 (37.5) | 15 (62.5) | |
| average: | Both | 172 (73.2) | 63 (26.8) | |
| Neither positive nor negative | 33 (84.6) | 6 (15.4) | ||
| Subjects you wish to be more informed about: | The procedure of pregnancy | 41 (83.7) | 8 (16.3) | 0.482+ |
| Promotion of a healthy pregnancy (diet, way of living) | 34 (89.5) | 4 (10.5) | ||
| The procedure of labor | 32 (78.0) | 9 (22.0) | ||
| Available services of healthy reproduction | 11 (84.6) | 2 (15.4) | ||
| What could go wrong during pregnancy and labor | 41 (71.9) | 16 (28.1) | ||
| How both partners could be included in the experi- ence of birth | 18 (78.3) | 5 (21.7) | ||
| All the above | 200 (77.2) | 59 (22.8) | ||
| “Cognitive component of vaginal birth” subscale, mean (SD) | 3.62 (0.59) | 3.22 (0.57) | <0.001‡ | |
| “Cognitive component of caesarean section” subscale, mean (SD) | 2.91 (0.63) | 3.36 (0.54) | <0.001‡ | |
| “Affective component of vaginal birth” subscale, mean (SD) | 3.82 (0.63) | 3.61 (0.64) | 0.002‡ | |
| “Subjective norms” subscale, mean (SD) | 4.29 (0.88) | 3.00 (1.36) | <0.001‡ | |
| “Perceived behavior control” subscale, mean (SD) | 3.2 (0.86) | 2,68 (1.02) | <0.001‡ | |
Multivariate logistic regression analysis results, with the intention for caesarean section as dependent variable
| OR (95% CI) + | P | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | Boys (reference) | ||
| Girls | 3.97 (0.82─19.22) | 0.087 | |
| Age | 1.10 (0.66─1.82) | 0.720 | |
| Father’s highest level of education | Primary school completed (reference) | ||
| High school completed | 0.90 (0.32─2.47) | 0.830 | |
| Technical School-Vocational Training Institute (VTI) | 0.75 (0.23─2.49) | 0.642 | |
| University degree/postgraduate degree/doctoral diploma (PhD) | 1.10 (0.33─3.74) | 0.875 | |
| Mother’s highest level of education | Primary school completed (reference) | ||
| High school completed | 1.42 (0.45─4.49) | 0.555 | |
| Technical School-Vocational Training Institute (VTI) | 1.14 (0.33─4.02) | 0.834 | |
| University degree/postgraduate degree/doctoral diploma (PhD) | 1.04 (0.29─3.73) | 0.957 | |
| Born in Greece | Yes (reference) | ||
| No | 0.25 (0.02─2.81) | 0.263 | |
| Field of study | Other (reference) | ||
| Health Sciences | 0.68 (0.35─1.33) | 0.257 | |
| Can you imagine yourself having children some- time in the future? | No (reference) Yes | 0.90 (0.37─2.21) | 0.816 |
| From the medium from which you were informed about on average: the vaginal birth, your impressions were, | Neither positive nor negative (reference) Positive Negative | 1.26 (0.35─4.49) 2.20 (1.06─4.54) | 0.725 0.034 |
| Both | 2.58 (0.79─8.42) | 0.116 | |
| “Cognitive component of vaginal birth” subscale | 0.36 (0.20─0.64) | <0.001 | |
| “Cognitive component of caesarean section” subscale | 2.80 (1.59─4.91) | <0.001 | |
| “Affective component of vaginal birth” subscale | 0.55 (0.33─0.92) | 0.022 | |
| “Subjective norms” subscale | 0.45 (0.35─0.59) | <0.001 | |
| “Perceived behavior control” subscale | 0.49 (0.35─0.69) | <0.001 | |
Sample characteristics
| Age, mean (SD) | 15.5 (0.6) |
| Gender | |
| Boys | 209 (43.5) |
| Girls | 260 (54.2) |
| Prefer not to say | 11 (2.3) |
| Born in Greece | 469 (97.7) |
| Father’s highest level of education | |
| Primary school completed | 69 (14.4) |
| High school completed | 268 (55.8) |
| Technical Institute (VTI) School-Vocational Training | 78 (16.3) |
| University degree | 53 (11) |
| Postgraduate degree | 8 (1.7) |
| Doctoral diploma (PhD) | 4 (0.8) |
| Mother’s highest level of education | |
| Primary school completed | 44 (9.2) |
| High school completed | 251 (52.3) |
| Technical Institute (VTI) School-Vocational Training | 92 (19.2) |
| University degree | 74 (15.4) |
| Postgraduate degree | 14 (2.9) |
| Doctoral diploma (PhD) | 5 (1.0) |
| Field of study | |
| Agriculture and Environment | 8 (1.7) |
| Administration and Economics | 42 (8.8) |
| Structured Design Environment and Architectural | 9 (1.9) |
| Applied Arts | 15 (3.2) |
| Electronics and Automation | 19 (4.0) |
| Engineering | 55 (11.6) |
| Shipping and Maritime Studies | 16 (3.4) |
| Computing Studies | 46 (9.7) |
| Health Sciences | 265 (55.8) |
Participants’ preference of birth, associated with their gender and the theory of planned behavior (TPB) constructs
| Boys | Girls | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Assuming you could choose the type of birth for your baby, would you prefer it to be a: | Assuming you could choose the type of birth for your baby, would you prefer it to be a: | |||||||||||
| Total sample | Vaginal birth | Caesarean section | Vaginal birth | Caesarean section | ||||||||
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P* | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | P | |
| “Cognitive component of vaginal birth” subscale | 3.53 | .61 | 3.53 | .55 | 3.17 | .56 | <0.001 | 3.71 | .61 | 3.24 | .58 | <0.001 |
| “Cognitive component of caesarean section” subscale | 3.00 | .64 | 2.98 | .55 | 3.38 | .60 | 0.001 | 2.84 | .70 | 3.33 | .51 | <0.001 |
| “Affective component of vaginal birth” subscale | 3.78 | .63 | 3.61 | .64 | 3.35 | .68 | 0.025 | 4.00 | .55 | 3.78 | .57 | 0.007 |
| “Subjective norms” subscale | 4.01 | 1.13 | 4.25 | .88 | 2.37 | 1.08 | <0.001 | 4.30 | .88 | 3.45 | 1.36 | <0.001 |
| “Perceived behavior control” subscale | 2.91 | .92 | 2.67 | .73 | 2.84 | .90 | 0.202 | 2.89 | .94 | 3.61 | 1.00 | <0.001 |