<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder disease, and its prevalence continues to increase worldwide. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a naturally antioxidant compound in milk, vegetables, and meat. We aim to identify the treatment efficacy of PQQ on GD and its regulatory effect on intestinal microbiota. The GD mice model was built by an adenovirus expressing autoantigen thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (Ad-TSHR289). Fecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing after PQQ pretreatments (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg BW/day) for 4 weeks. Thyroid and intestine functions were measured. The levels of serum TSHR and T4 were significantly raised, and the thyroid gland size was typically enlarged in the GD group than in controls, reversed by PQQ therapy. After PQQ replenishment, <italic>IL6</italic> and <italic>TNFα</italic> levels in small intestine tissues were lower than those in the GD group, with <italic>Nrf2</italic> and <italic>HO1</italic> levels improved. Also, the PQQ supplement could maintain the mucosal epithelial barrier impaired by GD. In microbial analyses, PQQ treatment could prompt the diversity recovery of gut microbiota and reconstruct the microbiota composition injured by GD. <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> served as the most abundant genus in all groups, and the abundance of <italic>Lactobacillu</italic>s was increased in the GD group than in control and PQQ groups. Besides, <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> was highly correlative with all samples and the top 50 genera. PQQ supplementation regulates thyroid function and relieves intestine injury. PQQ changes the primary composition and abundance of GD’s intestine microbiota by moderating <italic>Lactobacillus</italic>, which may exert in the pathogenesis and progression of GD.</p>
</abstract>

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder disease, and its prevalence continues to increase worldwide. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a naturally antioxidant compound in milk, vegetables, and meat. We aim to identify the treatment efficacy of PQQ on GD and its regulatory effect on intestinal microbiota. The GD mice model was built by an adenovirus expressing autoantigen thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (Ad-TSHR289). Fecal samples were collected for 16S rDNA sequencing after PQQ pretreatments (20, 40, or 60 mg/kg BW/day) for 4 weeks. Thyroid and intestine functions were measured. The levels of serum TSHR and T4 were significantly raised, and the thyroid gland size was typically enlarged in the GD group than in controls, reversed by PQQ therapy. After PQQ replenishment, IL6 and TNFα levels in small intestine tissues were lower than those in the GD group, with Nrf2 and HO1 levels improved. Also, the PQQ supplement could maintain the mucosal epithelial barrier impaired by GD. In microbial analyses, PQQ treatment could prompt the diversity recovery of gut microbiota and reconstruct the microbiota composition injured by GD. Lactobacillus served as the most abundant genus in all groups, and the abundance of Lactobacillus was increased in the GD group than in control and PQQ groups. Besides, Lactobacillus was highly correlative with all samples and the top 50 genera. PQQ supplementation regulates thyroid function and relieves intestine injury. PQQ changes the primary composition and abundance of GD’s intestine microbiota by moderating Lactobacillus, which may exert in the pathogenesis and progression of GD.

The Potential Role of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone to Regulate Thyroid Function and Gut Microbiota Composition of Graves’ Disease in Mice

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Graves’ disease (GD) is an autoimmune disorder disease, and its prevalence continues to increase worldwide. Pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) is a naturally...

The Potential Role of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone to Regulate Thyroid Function and Gut Microbiota Composition of Graves’ Disease in Mice

Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER

Published Online: Dec 16, 2023

Page range: 443 - 460

Received: Aug 02, 2023

Accepted: Oct 27, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-042

Keywords
Graves’ disease, pyrroloquinoline quinone, thyroid function, gut microbiota,

© 2023 Xiaoyan Liu et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Supplementary Material Details

The Potential Role of Pyrroloquinoline Quinone to Regulate Thyroid Function and Gut Microbiota Composition of Graves’ Disease in Mice

Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER

Published Online: Dec 16, 2023

Page range: 443 - 460

Received: Aug 02, 2023

Accepted: Oct 27, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-042

KeywordsGraves’ disease, pyrroloquinoline quinone, thyroid function, gut microbiota,

© 2023 Xiaoyan Liu et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Supplementary Material Details

Keywords
Graves’ disease, pyrroloquinoline quinone, thyroid function, gut microbiota,