<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Tuberculosis (TB) caused by <italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</italic> is one of the leading causes of morbidity and death in humans worldwide. Some autophagy genes associated with TB and some miRNAs regulating TB have been found, but the identification of autophagy-related genes in <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> remains to be explored. Forty-seven autophagy-related genes differentially expressed in TB were identified in this study by analysis of TB-related datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and autophagy-related genes in the Human Autophagy Database. The potential crucial genes affecting TB were found through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the possible pathways affected by these genes were verified. Analysis of the PPI network of miRNAs associated with <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic> infection and their target genes revealed that hsa-let-7, hsa-mir-155, hsa-mir-206, hsa-mir-26a, hsa-mir-30a, and hsa-mir-32 may regulate the expression of multiple autophagy-related genes (MAPK8, UVRAG, UKL2, and GABARAPL1) alone or in combination. Subsequently, Cytoscape was utilized to screen the differentially expressed genes related to autophagy. The hub genes (GABARAPL1 and ULK2) affecting TB were identified. Combined with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), the signaling pathways affected by the hub genes were verified. Finally, we divided TB patients into two subgroups based on autophagy-related genes, and the immune microenvironment of patients in different subgroups was significantly different. Our study found two autophagy-related hub genes that could affect TB and divide TB samples into two subgroups. This finding is of great significance for TB treatment and provides new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of <italic>M. tuberculosis</italic>.
<fig id="j_pjm-2023-022_fig_008" position="anchor" fig-type="figure">
<graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_pjm-2023-022_fig_008.jpg"></graphic>
</fig></p>
</abstract>

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and death in humans worldwide. Some autophagy genes associated with TB and some miRNAs regulating TB have been found, but the identification of autophagy-related genes in M. tuberculosis remains to be explored. Forty-seven autophagy-related genes differentially expressed in TB were identified in this study by analysis of TB-related datasets in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and autophagy-related genes in the Human Autophagy Database. The potential crucial genes affecting TB were found through the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and the possible pathways affected by these genes were verified. Analysis of the PPI network of miRNAs associated with M. tuberculosis infection and their target genes revealed that hsa-let-7, hsa-mir-155, hsa-mir-206, hsa-mir-26a, hsa-mir-30a, and hsa-mir-32 may regulate the expression of multiple autophagy-related genes (MAPK8, UVRAG, UKL2, and GABARAPL1) alone or in combination. Subsequently, Cytoscape was utilized to screen the differentially expressed genes related to autophagy. The hub genes (GABARAPL1 and ULK2) affecting TB were identified. Combined with Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA), the signaling pathways affected by the hub genes were verified. Finally, we divided TB patients into two subgroups based on autophagy-related genes, and the immune microenvironment of patients in different subgroups was significantly different. Our study found two autophagy-related hub genes that could affect TB and divide TB samples into two subgroups. This finding is of great significance for TB treatment and provides new ideas for exploring the pathogenesis of M. tuberculosis.

Identification of Hub Genes and Typing of Tuberculosis Infections Based on Autophagy-Related Genes

Department of Tuberculosis, Affiliated Hangzhou Chest Hospital

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the leading causes of morbidity and death in humans worldwide. Some autophagy genes associated...

Identification of Hub Genes and Typing of Tuberculosis Infections Based on Autophagy-Related Genes

Article Category: Original Paper

Published Online: Sep 20, 2023

Page range: 223 - 238

Received: Dec 15, 2022

Accepted: Apr 19, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-022

Keywords
tuberculosis, autophagy, bioinformatics analysis, miRNA, consensus clustering

© 2023 Yunfeng Sheng et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Identification of Hub Genes and Typing of Tuberculosis Infections Based on Autophagy-Related Genes

Article Category: Original Paper

Published Online: Sep 20, 2023

Page range: 223 - 238

Received: Dec 15, 2022

Accepted: Apr 19, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-022

Keywordstuberculosis, autophagy, bioinformatics analysis, miRNA, consensus clustering

© 2023 Yunfeng Sheng et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
tuberculosis, autophagy, bioinformatics analysis, miRNA, consensus clustering