<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Alpha-mangostin (α-mangostin) was discovered as a potent natural product against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. This study indicated that α-mangostin (at 4 × MIC) rapidly killed <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic> planktonic cells more effectively (at least 2-log10 CFU/ml) than daptomycin, vancomycin and linezolid at 1 and 3 h in the time-killing test. Interestingly, this study also found that a high concentration of α-mangostin (≥4×MIC) significantly reduced established biofilms of <italic>S. aureus</italic>. There were 58 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in α-mangostin nonsensitive <italic>S. aureus</italic> isolates by whole-genome sequencing, of which 35 SNPs were located on both sides of the <italic>sarT</italic> gene and 10 SNPs in the <italic>sarT</italic> gene. A total of 147 proteins with a different abundance were determined by proteomics analysis, of which 91 proteins increased, whereas 56 proteins decreased. The abundance of regulatory proteins SarX and SarZ increased. In contrast, the abundance of SarT and IcaB was significantly reduced (they belonged to SarA family and <italic>ica</italic> system, associated with the biofilm formation of <italic>S. aureus</italic>). The abundance of cell membrane proteins VraF and DltC was augmented, but the abundance of cell membrane protein UgtP remarkably decreased. Propidium iodide and DiBaC4(3) staining assay revealed that the fluorescence intensities of DNA and the cell membrane were elevated in the α-mangostin treated <italic>S. aureus</italic> isolates. In conclusion, this study reveals that α-mangostin was effective against <italic>S. aureus</italic> planktonic cells by targeting cell membranes. The anti-biofilm effect of α-mangostin may be through inhibiting the function of SarT and IcaB.
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</abstract>

Alpha-mangostin (α-mangostin) was discovered as a potent natural product against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. This study indicated that α-mangostin (at 4 × MIC) rapidly killed Staphylococcus aureus planktonic cells more effectively (at least 2-log10 CFU/ml) than daptomycin, vancomycin and linezolid at 1 and 3 h in the time-killing test. Interestingly, this study also found that a high concentration of α-mangostin (≥4×MIC) significantly reduced established biofilms of S. aureus. There were 58 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in α-mangostin nonsensitive S. aureus isolates by whole-genome sequencing, of which 35 SNPs were located on both sides of the sarT gene and 10 SNPs in the sarT gene. A total of 147 proteins with a different abundance were determined by proteomics analysis, of which 91 proteins increased, whereas 56 proteins decreased. The abundance of regulatory proteins SarX and SarZ increased. In contrast, the abundance of SarT and IcaB was significantly reduced (they belonged to SarA family and ica system, associated with the biofilm formation of S. aureus). The abundance of cell membrane proteins VraF and DltC was augmented, but the abundance of cell membrane protein UgtP remarkably decreased. Propidium iodide and DiBaC4(3) staining assay revealed that the fluorescence intensities of DNA and the cell membrane were elevated in the α-mangostin treated S. aureus isolates. In conclusion, this study reveals that α-mangostin was effective against S. aureus planktonic cells by targeting cell membranes. The anti-biofilm effect of α-mangostin may be through inhibiting the function of SarT and IcaB.

Mechanisms of Rapid Bactericidal and Anti-Biofilm Alpha-Mangostin <italic>In Vitro</italic> Activity against <italic>Staphylococcus aureus</italic>

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Mechanisms of Rapid Bactericidal and Anti-Biofilm Alpha-Mangostin  Activity against 

Alpha-mangostin (α-mangostin) was discovered as a potent natural product against Gram-positive bacteria, whereas the underlying molecular mechanisms are still...

Mechanisms of Rapid Bactericidal and Anti-Biofilm Alpha-Mangostin In Vitro Activity against Staphylococcus aureus

Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER

Published Online: Jun 14, 2023

Page range: 199 - 208

Received: Jan 27, 2023

Accepted: Apr 16, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-021

Keywords
alpha-mangostin, biofilm, cell membrane, SarT

© 2023 Xiangbin Deng et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Mechanisms of Rapid Bactericidal and Anti-Biofilm Alpha-Mangostin In Vitro Activity against Staphylococcus aureus

Article Category: ORIGINAL PAPER

Published Online: Jun 14, 2023

Page range: 199 - 208

Received: Jan 27, 2023

Accepted: Apr 16, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2023-021

Keywordsalpha-mangostin, biofilm, cell membrane, SarT

© 2023 Xiangbin Deng et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
alpha-mangostin, biofilm, cell membrane, SarT