<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

Antimicrobial resistance represents a global dilemma. Our present study aimed to investigate the presence of <italic>mcr-1</italic> among different Gram-negative bacteria including <italic>Enterobacteriaceae</italic> (except intrinsically resistant to colistin) and <italic>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</italic>. Gram-negative bacterial isolates were collected from different ICUs in several Alexandria hospitals from June 2019 to June 2020. The identification of these Gram-negative isolates was made using the VITEK-2® system (BioMérieux, France). SYBR Green-based PCR was used to screen for the presence of <italic>mcr-1</italic> using a positive control that we amplified and sequenced earlier in our pilot study. All isolates were screened for the presence of <italic>mcr-1</italic> regardless of their colistin susceptibility. Isolates that harbored <italic>mcr-1</italic> were tested for colistin susceptibility and for the presence of some beta-lactamase genes. <italic>Klebsiella pneumoniae</italic> isolates harboring <italic>mcr-1</italic> were capsule typed using the <italic>wzi</italic> sequence analysis. Four hundred eighty isolates were included in this study. Only six isolates harbored <italic>mcr-1.1</italic>. Of these, four were resistant to colistin, while two (<italic>K. pneumoniae</italic> and <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic>) were susceptible to colistin. Five of the six isolates were resistant to carbapenems. They harbored <italic>bla</italic>OXA-48, and three of them co-harbored <italic>bla</italic>NDM-1. K-58 was the most often found among our <italic>K. pneumoniae</italic> harboring <italic>mcr-1.1</italic>. To our knowledge, this is the first time to report colistin susceptible <italic>P. aeruginosa</italic> and <italic>K. pneumoniae</italic> harboring the <italic>mcr-1.1</italic> gene in Egypt. Further studies are needed to investigate the presence of the <italic>mcr</italic> genes among colistin susceptible isolates to shed more light on its significance as a potential threat.
<fig id="j_pjm-2022-011_fig_002" position="float" fig-type="figure"><graphic xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="graphic/j_pjm-2022-011_fig_002.jpg"></graphic></fig>
</abstract>

Antimicrobial resistance represents a global dilemma. Our present study aimed to investigate the presence of mcr-1 among different Gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacteriaceae (except intrinsically resistant to colistin) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Gram-negative bacterial isolates were collected from different ICUs in several Alexandria hospitals from June 2019 to June 2020. The identification of these Gram-negative isolates was made using the VITEK-2® system (BioMérieux, France). SYBR Green-based PCR was used to screen for the presence of mcr-1 using a positive control that we amplified and sequenced earlier in our pilot study. All isolates were screened for the presence of mcr-1 regardless of their colistin susceptibility. Isolates that harbored mcr-1 were tested for colistin susceptibility and for the presence of some beta-lactamase genes. Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates harboring mcr-1 were capsule typed using the wzi sequence analysis. Four hundred eighty isolates were included in this study. Only six isolates harbored mcr-1.1. Of these, four were resistant to colistin, while two (K. pneumoniae and P. aeruginosa) were susceptible to colistin. Five of the six isolates were resistant to carbapenems. They harbored blaOXA-48, and three of them co-harbored blaNDM-1. K-58 was the most often found among our K. pneumoniae harboring mcr-1.1. To our knowledge, this is the first time to report colistin susceptible P. aeruginosa and K. pneumoniae harboring the mcr-1.1 gene in Egypt. Further studies are needed to investigate the presence of the mcr genes among colistin susceptible isolates to shed more light on its significance as a potential threat.

Screening of <italic>mcr-1</italic> among Gram-Negative Bacteria from Different Clinical Samples from ICU Patients in Alexandria, Egypt: One-Year Study

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy

Department of Microbiology, Medical Research Institute

Polish Journal of Microbiology

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Screening of  among Gram-Negative Bacteria from Different Clinical Samples from ICU Patients in Alexandria, Egypt: One-Year Study

Antimicrobial resistance represents a global dilemma. Our present study aimed to investigate the presence of mcr-1 among different Gram-negative bacteria...

Screening of mcr-1 among Gram-Negative Bacteria from Different Clinical Samples from ICU Patients in Alexandria, Egypt: One-Year Study

Article Category: Original Paper

Published Online: Mar 30, 2022

Page range: 83 - 90

Received: Nov 10, 2021

Accepted: Feb 12, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-011

Keywords
colistin, SYBR Green, typing

© 2022 Amira Elbaradei et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Screening of mcr-1 among Gram-Negative Bacteria from Different Clinical Samples from ICU Patients in Alexandria, Egypt: One-Year Study

Article Category: Original Paper

Published Online: Mar 30, 2022

Page range: 83 - 90

Received: Nov 10, 2021

Accepted: Feb 12, 2022

DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-011

Keywordscolistin, SYBR Green, typing

© 2022 Amira Elbaradei et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
colistin, SYBR Green, typing