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Cell Surface Glycosaminoglycans as Receptors for Adhesion of Candida spp. to Corneal Cells

Helena Ordiales
Helena Ordiales
, 
Ignacio Alcalde
Ignacio Alcalde
, 
Fernando Vázquez
Fernando Vázquez
, 
Jesús Merayo-Lloves
Jesús Merayo-Lloves
, 
Luis M. Quirós
Luis M. Quirós
 and 
Carla Martín Cueto
Carla Martín Cueto
   | Mar 14, 2022
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Article Category: Original Paper
Published Online: Mar 14, 2022
Page range: 55 - 62
Received: Dec 13, 2021
Accepted: Feb 10, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.33073/pjm-2022-008
Keywords
© 2022 Helena Ordiales et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Effect of reduction of cell GAGs on fungal adhesion to corneal epithelial cells. a) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with rhodamine B (black bars) and genistein (gray bars). b) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with heparinases I and III (black bars), chondroitinase ABC (dark gray bars), or a mix of heparinases I and III + chondroitinase ABC (gray bars). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi to non-treated cells, which were given the arbitrary value of 100. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistically significant differences are denoted by *, which indicates p < 0.05.
Effect of reduction of cell GAGs on fungal adhesion to corneal epithelial cells. a) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with rhodamine B (black bars) and genistein (gray bars). b) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with heparinases I and III (black bars), chondroitinase ABC (dark gray bars), or a mix of heparinases I and III + chondroitinase ABC (gray bars). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi to non-treated cells, which were given the arbitrary value of 100. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistically significant differences are denoted by *, which indicates p < 0.05.

Fig. 2

Effect of reducing cell GAGs on the adhesion of C. albicans yeast cells and hyphal cells to corneal epithelial cells. a) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with rhodamine B (black bars) and genistein (gray bars). b) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with heparinases I and III (black bars), chondroitinase ABC (dark gray bars), or a mix of heparinases I and III + chondroitinase ABC (gray bars). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi adhesion to non-treated cells, given the arbitrary value of 100. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistically significant differences are denoted by *, which indicates p < 0.05.
Effect of reducing cell GAGs on the adhesion of C. albicans yeast cells and hyphal cells to corneal epithelial cells. a) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with rhodamine B (black bars) and genistein (gray bars). b) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to HCE-2 cells treated with heparinases I and III (black bars), chondroitinase ABC (dark gray bars), or a mix of heparinases I and III + chondroitinase ABC (gray bars). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi adhesion to non-treated cells, given the arbitrary value of 100. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistically significant differences are denoted by *, which indicates p < 0.05.

Fig. 3

Inhibition of fungal adhesion to corneal epithelial cells by the presence of different GAGs. a) adhesion of C. albicans, b) C. glabrata, c) C. parapsilosis in the presence of different concentrations of HS ( ), CSA ( ), CSB ( ), CSC ( ) and a mixture of all GAGs (+). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi to non-treated cells, which was given the arbitrary value of 100.
Inhibition of fungal adhesion to corneal epithelial cells by the presence of different GAGs. a) adhesion of C. albicans, b) C. glabrata, c) C. parapsilosis in the presence of different concentrations of HS ( ), CSA ( ), CSB ( ), CSC ( ) and a mixture of all GAGs (+). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi to non-treated cells, which was given the arbitrary value of 100.

Fig. 4

Influence of specific N- and O-sulfations on pathogen adherence to corneal epithelial cells. a) Structure of an HS disaccharide unit showing the specific positions of sulfations. b) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to corneal epithelial cells with silencing of the genes involved in N-sulfation (dark bars), 2-O-sulfation (dark gray bars), and 6-O-sulfation (gray bars). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi to non-treated cells, which was given the arbitrary value of 100. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistically significant differences are denoted by *, which indicates p < 0.05.
Influence of specific N- and O-sulfations on pathogen adherence to corneal epithelial cells. a) Structure of an HS disaccharide unit showing the specific positions of sulfations. b) Inhibition of fungal adhesion to corneal epithelial cells with silencing of the genes involved in N-sulfation (dark bars), 2-O-sulfation (dark gray bars), and 6-O-sulfation (gray bars). Data were normalized using the adhesion values of fungi to non-treated cells, which was given the arbitrary value of 100. Error bars represent standard deviations. Statistically significant differences are denoted by *, which indicates p < 0.05.
eISSN:
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Language:
English
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Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Microbiology and Virology
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