Open Access

Can smart city planning enhance the sustainable transition of the E.U. capitals? A project and strategy-based smart, sustainable performance analysis in the programming period 2014-2020


Cite

Aika, 2015. The Six City Strategy – Open and Smart Services. URL: https://6aika.fi/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/6Aika-strategia_pa%CC%88ivitys_2015_EN.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Administration communale de la Ville de Luxembourg, 2017. Ville intelligente. URL: https://www.vdl.lu/fr/la-ville/engagements-de-la-ville/ville-intelligente Search in Google Scholar

Ahvenniemi, H., Huovila, A., Pinto-Seppä, I., Airaksinen, M., 2017. What are the differences between sustainable and smart cities? Cities, 60, 234-245. DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2016.09.009 Search in Google Scholar

Alaverdyan, D., Kucera, F., Horák, M,, 2018. Implementation of the smart city concept in the EU: Importance of cluster initiatives and best practice cases. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge, 6(1), DOI: 10.2478/ijek-2018-0003 Search in Google Scholar

Albino, V., Berardi, U., & Dangelico, R. M., 2015. Smart Cities: Definitions, Dimensions, Performance, and Initiatives. Journal of Urban Technology, 22(1), 3–21. DOI: gcv8xx Search in Google Scholar

Amsterdam Data Science, 2019. Strategy 2020-2024. URL: https://amsterdamdatascience.nl/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/A5-Strategy-Booklet.pdf?x27036 Search in Google Scholar

Angelidou, M., 2016. Four European Smart City Strategies. International Journal of Social Science Studies, 4(4), DOI: 10.11114/ijsss.v4i4.1364 Arup, CEDI, 2016. Growing Smart Cities In Denmark. URL: https://www.arup.com/perspectives/publications/research/section/growing-smart-cities-in-denmark Search in Google Scholar

Ayuntamiento de Madrid., 2019. Madrid 360 - Avance de la Estrategia de Sostenibilidad Ambiental. URL: https://www.madrid.es/UnidadesDescentralizadas/UDCMedios/noticias/2019/09%20septiembre/30Lunes/Notasprensa/Presentaci%C3%B3n%20Madrid%20360/ficheros/Avance-Estrategia-Sostenibilidad-Ambiental-Madrid-360.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Bai, X., McPhearson, T., Cleugh, H., Nagendra, H., Tong, X., Zhu, T., Zhu, Y.G., 2017. Linking Urbanisation and the Environment: Conceptual and Empirical Advances. Annual Review of Environment and Resources, 42(1), 215–240. DOI: 10.1146/annurev-environ-102016-061128 Search in Google Scholar

Bakici, T., Almirall, E., Wareham, J., 2013. A Smart City Initiative: the Case of Barcelona. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 4, 135–148, DOI: 10.1007/s13132-012-0084-9 Search in Google Scholar

Battistino, V., 2019. Deliverable 7.3e: Follower City Replication Plan City Of Valletta. URL: https://grow-smarter.eu/fileadmin/editor-upload/Reports/Replication_Plan_Valletta.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Borsboom-van Beurden, J., Kallaos, J., Gindroz, B., Riegler, J., Noll, M., Costa, S., Maio, R., 2017. Smart City Guidance Package For Integrated Planning And Management. https://smart-cities-marketplace.ec.europa.eu/sites/default/files/SCGP%20Intermediate%20version%20June %202017.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Brussels-Capital Region, 2015. Stratégie 2025 pour Bruxelles. Search in Google Scholar

Brussels-Capital Region, 2019. Déclaration de politique générale commune au Gouvernement de la Région de Bruxelles-Capitale et au Collège réuni de la Commission communautaire commune 2019-2024. URL: http://www.parlement.brussels/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/07-20-D%C3%A9claration-gouvernementale-parlement-bruxellois-2019.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Brussels-Capital Region. (n.d.). Brussels Smart City. Retrieved 24 August, 2021. URL: https://smartcity.brussels/home Search in Google Scholar

Budapest Főváros Önkormányzata, 2019. Smart Budapest Okos Város Keretstratégia. URL: https://budapest.hu/Documents/V%C3%A1ros%C3%A9p%C3%ADt%C3%A9si%20F%C5%91oszt%C3%A1ly/Smart%20Budapest%20Keretstrat%C3%A9gia%202019.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Caird, S., Hallett, Stephen H., 2018. Towards evaluation design for smart city development. Journal of Urban Design, 24(2), 188-209, DOI: 10.1080/13574809.2018.1469402 Search in Google Scholar

Câmara Municipal de Lisboa, 2018. Grandes Opções Do Plano 2018-2021. URL: https://www.am-lisboa.pt/documentos/1518370854D7nFW6fl9Qk92YA6.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Campisi, T., Severino, A., Al-Rashid, M. A., Pau, G., 2021. The Development of the Smart Cities in the Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (C.A.V.s) Era: From Mobility Patterns to Scaling in Cities. Infrastructures, 6(7). DOI: 10.3390/infrastructures6070100 Search in Google Scholar

Carrión-Martínez, J. J., Luque-de la Rosa, A., Fernández-Cerero, J., Montenegro-Rueda, M., 2020. Information and Communications Technologies (I.C.T.s) in Education for Sustainable Development: A Bibliographic Review. Sustainability, 12(8). DOI: kjwb Search in Google Scholar

Chernyaev, M. V., Mazurchuk, T. M., Kreidenko, T. F., 2023. A Possible Method for the Socio-Economic Efficiency Estimation of Smart City Projects, Paying Particular Regard to their Digital Technology Content. Periodica Polytechnica Social and Management Sciences, 31(1), 1-8. DOI: kjv9 Search in Google Scholar

City Council of Bratislava, 2018. Bratislava rozumné mesto 2030 Koncepcia. Search in Google Scholar

City of Athens, 2018. Athens Digital Roadmap. URL: https://www.cityofathens.gr/sites/default/files/Athens%20Digital%20Roadmap_Eng_Feb13.pdf Search in Google Scholar

City of Copenhagen, 2017. Copenhagen Smart City. URL: https://www.niras.dk/media/1585/kimspiegelbergsteltzer.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Clement, J., Ruysschaert, B., Crutzen, N., 2023. Smart city strategies – A driver for the localization of the sustainable development goals? Ecological Economics, 213, 107941. DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2023.107941 Search in Google Scholar

Cohen, B., 2012. Boyd Cohen: ‘The Smart City Wheel’. What Exactly Is A Smart City? https://www.fastcompany.com/1680538/what-exactly-is-a-smart-city Search in Google Scholar

Deloitte, 2015. Smart Cities - A Deloitte Point of View, Version 1.0. URL: https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/Deloitte/tr/Documents/public-sector/deloitte-nl-ps-smart-cities-report.pdf Search in Google Scholar

DIRECTIVE (E.U.) 2018/844 amending Directive 2010/31/E.U. on the energy performance of buildings and Directive 2012/27/E.U. on energy efficiency, (2018) (testimony of European Parliament and the Council). URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2018.156.01.0075.01.ENG Search in Google Scholar

Dirks, S., Keeling, M., 2009. A vision of smarter cities . URL: http://www.interindustria.hu/ekonyvtar/en/Smart%20cities%20and%20communities/Publications/Dirks%20S.%E2%80%93Keeling%20M.%20(2009)_A%20vision%20of%20smarter%20cities.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Dr. van Dijk, A., Teuben, H., 2015. Smart Cities How rapid advances in technology are reshaping our economy and society. Version 1.0. Search in Google Scholar

Duica, A., Croitoru, G., Duica, M. C., Robesci, O., 2014. The Rise And Fall Of B.C.G. Model. Proceedings Of The 8th International Management Conference, 8(1):143-152 Search in Google Scholar

European Commission, (2010a). Communication From The Commission – Search in Google Scholar

Europe 2020 A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. European Commission, 2010b. EUROPE 2020 A European strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/eu2020/pdf/COMPLET%20EN%20BARROSO%20%20%20007%20-%20Europe%202020%20-%20EN%20version.pdf Search in Google Scholar

European Commission, (2011a). White Paper Roadmap to a Single European Transport Area – Towards a competitive and resource efficient transport system (C.O.M. (2011) 144 final). URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52011DC0144 Search in Google Scholar

European Commission, 2011b. Energy Roadmap 2050 (C.O.M. (2011) 885 final). URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/LexUriServ/LexUriServ.do?uri=COM:2011:0885:FIN:EN:PDF Search in Google Scholar

European Commissionm, 2014. A policy framework for climate and energy in the period from 2020 to 2030. URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:52014DC0015&from=EN Search in Google Scholar

European Commission, 2020. Digital Economy and Society Index (DESI) 2020 Thematic chapters. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/newsroom/dae/document.cfm?doc_id=67086 Search in Google Scholar

European Commission, 2021. Proposal For A Regulation Of The European Parliament And Of The Council Laying Down Harmonised Rules On Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) And Amending Certain Union Legislative Acts (C.O.M./2021/206 final). URL: https://eurlex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?qid=1623335154975&uri=CELEX%3A52021PC0206 Search in Google Scholar

European Commission. (n.d.). Smart cities. Retrieved 20 August, 2021. from URL https://ec.europa.eu/info/eu-regional-and-urban-development/topics/cities-and-urban-development/city-initiatives/smart-cities_en Search in Google Scholar

Falconer, G., Shane, M., 2012. Smart city framework. URL: https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en_us/about/ac79/docs/ps/motm/Smart-City-Framework.pdf Search in Google Scholar

García Fernández, C., Peek, D., 2020. Smart and Sustainable? Positioning Adaptation to Climate Change in the European Smart City. Smart Cities, 3(2), 511–526. DOI: kjv6 Search in Google Scholar

Gemeente Amsterdam, 2019. Een Digitale Stad voor én van iedereen. URL: https://assets.amsterdam.nl/publish/pages/964754/agenda_digitale_stadv3.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Girardi, P., Temporelli, A., 2017. Smartainability: A Methodology for Assessing the Sustainability of the Smart City. Energy Procedia, 111, 810– 816. DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.03.243 Search in Google Scholar

Grad Zagreb. (2019). Okvirna Strategija Pametnog Grada Zagreba – Zagreb Smart City. URL: http://www.zagreb.hr/userdocsimages/arhiva/gospodarstvo/savjetovanje sa zainteresiranom javno%C5%A1%C4%87u/savjetovanje - smart city/Okvirna strategija pametnog Grada Zagreba_Zagreb Smart City.docx Search in Google Scholar

Hassink, R., Gong, H., 2019. Six critical questions about smart specialisation. European Planning Studies, 27(10), 2049–2065. DOI: gmgj2v Helsinki-Uusimaa Region - Resource wise Helsinki-Uusimaa Region. https://www.uudenmaanliitto.fi/files/24986/Smart_specialisation_strategy_for_Helsinki-Uusimaa_Region.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Helsinki-Uusimaa Regional Council, 2020. Smart specialisation strategy for Hsieh, H.F., Shannon, S. E., 2005. Three Approaches to Qualitative Content Analysis. Qualitative Health Research, 15(9), 1277–1288. DOI: bhp2s9 Search in Google Scholar

I.B.M. Global Business Services, 2009. A vision of smarter cities. https://www.ibm.com/downloads/cas/2JYLM4ZA Search in Google Scholar

Informal Meeting of E.U. Ministers Responsible for Urban Matters, 2016. Urban Agenda for the E.U. - Pact of Amsterdam. URL: https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/policy/themes/urban-development/agenda/pact-of-amsterdam.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Joint Research Centre (European Commission), 2020. Handbook of sustainable urban development strategies. DOI: 10.2760/32842 Search in Google Scholar

Kaiser, G., Pejstrup, E., 2021. Smart Cities Marketplace - Explore, Shape & Deal. URL: https://smart-cities-marketplace-brochure.eu/.2021/ Search in Google Scholar

Kola-Bezka, M., Czupich, M., Ignasiak-Szulc, A., 2016. Smart cities in Central and Eastern Europe: viable future or unfulfi lled dream? Journal of International Studies, 9(1), 76-87. DOI: 10.14254/2071-8330.2016/9-1/6 Search in Google Scholar

Komninos, N., Tchonkova, D., Gluhak, A., 2019. Digital Cities Challenge Digital Transformation Strategy for the city of Sofia (DTSS) - A platform for smart growth. URL: https://www.intelligentcitieschallenge.eu/sites/default/files/2019-07/Digital_transformation_strategy_SOFIA.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Kong, X., Shi, Y., Yu, S., Liu, J., Xia, F., 2019. Academic social networks: Modeling, analysis, mining and applications. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 132, 86–103. DOI: grrj8c Search in Google Scholar

Kutasi, G., 2022. How Does Economics Approach Nature?. Cognitive Sustainability, 1(2). DOI: jqq3 Search in Google Scholar

Mairie de Paris, 2015. Paris Smart and Sustainable – Looking Ahead To 2020 And Beyond. https://cdn.paris.fr/paris/2020/02/26/f7dc822a66de6000cd910a145c7fca39.ai Search in Google Scholar

Maschio, I., 2016. European Innovation Partnership on Smart Cities and Communities. European Commission - DG JRC. URL: https://e3p.jrc.ec.europa.eu/articles/european-innovation-partnership-smart-cities-and-communities Search in Google Scholar

Masik G., Sagan I., Scott J. W., 2021. Smart City strategies and new urban development policies in the Polish context, Cities, 108, 102970. DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2020.102970 Search in Google Scholar

Mestna občina Ljubljana, 2015. Trajnostna Urbana Strategija Mestne Občine Ljubljana 2014–2020. URL: https://www.ljubljana.si/assets/Seje/15486/sprejeta-tus-strmol.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Mestna občina Ljubljana, 2020. Sustainable urban strategy. URL: https://www.ljubljana.si/sl/moja-ljubljana/urbanizem/trajnostna-urbana-strategija-mol/ Search in Google Scholar

Millard, J., Thaarup, R. K., Pederson, J. K., Manville, C., Wissner, M., 2014. Mapping smart cities in the E.U. DOI: kjwc Search in Google Scholar

Millard, J., Thaarup, R. K., Pederson, J. K., Manville, C., Wissner, M., Kotterink, B., Cochrane, G., Cave, J., Liebe, A., Massink, R., 2014. Mapping smart cities in the E.U. DOI: kjwc Search in Google Scholar

Municipality of Nicosia, 2018. Integrated Smart City Strategy 2018-2028. URL: http://www.nicosia.org.cy/el-GR/Files/Documents/Other/Nicosia-Municipality-Presentation-Smart-City.aspx/ Search in Google Scholar

Nguyen, T. L. H., Park, S. H., Yeo, G. T., 2021. Keyword network analysis: Uncovering research trends on the Northern Sea Route. The Asian Journal of Shipping and Logistics, 37(3), 231–238. DOI: kjv5 Search in Google Scholar

Nikolett, F., Árvai, T., Hausel, I., Könözsy, L., Lakatos, I., 2023. Integrated Smart System for the Coordination of Traffic Light Traffic Management and Intelligent Public Lighting in Hungary. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, 51(1), 49-56. DOI: kjv8 Search in Google Scholar

Pane, P., 2022. Environmental Sustainability and Territorial Competitiveness: A Comparison between Italian Provinces. Sustainability, 15(11), 8440. DOI: 10.3390/su15118440 Search in Google Scholar

POCACITO project, 2016. Lisbon Strategy Paper. URL: https://pocacito.eu/sites/default/files/workshop_reports/Strategy%20Paper%20of%20Lisbon.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Prague City Council, 2017. Koncepce Smart Prague do roku 2030. URL: https://www.smartprague.eu/files/koncepce_smartprague.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Repetti, A., Bolay, J.C., 2010. I.C.T.s and Participation in Developing Cities. In Handbook of Research on E-Planning. I.G.I. Global. DOI: b9hcn7 Search in Google Scholar

Richard, E., David, L. F., 2018. The future of citizen engagement in cities– The council of citizen engagement in sustainable urban strategies (Con-Census). Futures, 101. DOI: gdzm4b Search in Google Scholar

Riga City Council, 2014. Riga 2030 - Sustainable Development Strategy of Riga until 2030 and Development Programme of Riga for 2014-2020 Summary. URL: https://www.rdpad.lv/wp-content/uploads/2014/11/ENG_STRATEGIJA.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Roma Capitale, 2021. Roma Smart City - Il Piano. URL: https://www.comune.roma.it/eventi-resources/cms/documents/Roma%20Smart%20City_Il%20Piano.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Romania Insider, 2018. Bucharest mayor signs contract with Deloitte for drafting Smart City strategy. Romania Insider. URL: https://www.romania-insider.com/bucharest-deloitte-smart-city-strategy Search in Google Scholar

Russo, F., Rindone, C., Panuccio, P., 2014. The process of smart city definition at an E.U. level. 979–989. DOI: 10.2495/SC140832 Search in Google Scholar

Senate Department for Urban Development and the Environment, 2015. Smart City Strategy Berlin. URL: https://www.stadtentwicklung.berlin.de/planen/foren_initiativen/smart-city/download/Strategie_Smart_City_Berlin_en.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Smart City. URL: https://zastupitelstvo.bratislava.sk/data/att/23774.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Smart Dublin, 2020. About Smart Dublin. URL: https://smartdublin.ie/about/ Search in Google Scholar

Sofeska, E., 2017. Understanding the Livability in a City Through Smart Solutions and Urban Planning Toward Developing Sustainable Livable Future of the City of Skopje. Procedia Environmental Sciences, 37, 442– 453. DOI: kjwd Search in Google Scholar

Stockholms Stad., 2017. Strategy for Stockholm as a smart and connected city - Summary. URL: https://international.stockholm.se/globalas-sets/ovriga-bilder-och-filer/smart-city/summary-of-the-strategy-for-stockholm-as-a-smart-and-connected-city.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Sustainable Development Solutions Network, Telos, 2019. The 2019 S.D.G. Index and Dashboards Report for European Cities (prototype version). URL: https://s3.amazonaws.com/sustainabledevelopment.report/2019/2019_sdg_index_euro_cities.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Szalmáné Csete, M., Buzási, A., 2020. A smart planning szerepea fenntartható városfejlesztésben. Területi Statisztika, 60(3). DOI: f9wm Search in Google Scholar

Tadić, S., Krstić, M., Kovač, M., Brnjac, N., 2022. Evaluation of smart city logistics solutions. Promet-Traffic&Transportation, 34(5), 725-738. DOI: kjwh Search in Google Scholar

Tallinna Linnavolikogu, 2020. Tallinna arengustrateegia „Tallinn 2035“. URL: https://www.riigiteataja.ee/aktilisa/4291/2202/0009/17122020%20maaruse%20nr%2026%20Lisa.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Todeschi, V., Mutani, G., Baima, L., Nigra, M., Robiglio, M., 2020. Smart Solutions for Sustainable Cities–The Re-Coding Experience for Harnessing the Potential of Urban Rooftops. Applied Sciences, 10(20), 7112. DOI: kjwf Search in Google Scholar

Toli, A. M., Murtagh, N., 2020. The Concept of Sustainability in Smart City Definitions. Frontiers in Built Environment, 6. DOI: kjv7 Search in Google Scholar

Udo-Imeh, P., Edet, W. E., Anani, R. B., 2012. Portfolio Analysis Models: A Review. European Journal of Business and Management, 4(18), 101– 120. URL: https://iiste.org/Journals/index.php/EJBM/article/view/3228 Search in Google Scholar

Ullah, Z., Al-Turjman, F., Mostarda, L., Gagliardi, R., 2020. Applications of Artificial Intelligence and Machine learning in smart cities. Computer Communications, 154, 313–323. DOI: ggwf8b Search in Google Scholar

United Nations, D. of E. and S. A. P. D., 2019. World Urbanization Prospects 2018: Highlights. URL: https://population.un.org/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2018-Highlights.pdf Search in Google Scholar

United Nations, 1992. United Nations Conference on Environment & Development Rio de Janerio, Brazil, 3 to 14 June 1992 Agenda 21. URL: https://sustainabledevelopment.un.org/content/documents/Agenda21.pdf Search in Google Scholar

United Nations, 2015. Transforming our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. URL: https://sdgs.un.org/sites/default/files/publications/21252030%20Agenda%20for%20Sustainable%20Development%20web.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Urząd Miasta Warszawy, 2018. #Warszawa2030 Strategia. URL: https://um.warszawa.pl/documents/56602/3702322/Strategia-Warszawa2030-final.pdf/632f03ea-5fd0-9c90-05e9-9a0ad502eb68?t=1619800824379 Search in Google Scholar

Vienna Municipal Administration, 2019. Smart City Wien Framework Strategy 2019–2050. URL: https://smartcity.wien.gv.at/en/approach/framework-strategy/ Search in Google Scholar

Vienna UT., 2007. Smart cities Ranking of European medium-sized cities - Final report. Search in Google Scholar

Vilniaus miesto savivaldybės, 2019. Vilniaus Miesto Strateginė Kryptis. URL: https://vilnius.lt/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/STRATEGINEKRYPTIS-VILNIUS-2IN-2.pdf Search in Google Scholar

Wray, S., 2018. Athens shows how smart cities can do more with less. SmartCitiesWorld. URL: https://www.smartcitiesworld.net/special-reports/special-reports/athens-shows-how-smart-cities-can-do-more-with-less Search in Google Scholar

Zoldy, M., Csete, M. S., Kolozsi, P. P., Bordas, P., Torok, A., 2022. Cognitive sustainability. Cognitive Sustainability, 1(1). DOI: htfq Search in Google Scholar