Open Access

Sentencing Youth in Canada: A Suitable Balanced Approach for Vietnam or Falling from Charybdis to Scylla?


Cite

[1] Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B to the Canada Act, 1982 (U.K.), 1982 c.1 Search in Google Scholar

[2] UN General Assembly, Convention on the Rights of the Child, 20 November 1989, United Nations, Treaty Series, Vol. 1577 Search in Google Scholar

[3] Juvenile Delinquents Act, S.C. 1908, c. 40 Search in Google Scholar

[4] Law No. 100/2015/QH13, 27 November 201510.1097/PEP.0000000000000126 Search in Google Scholar

[5] Vietnam Constitution (2013) Search in Google Scholar

[6] Young Offenders Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. Y-1 Search in Google Scholar

[7] Youth Criminal Justice Act, S.C. 2002, c. 1 Search in Google Scholar

[8] Quebec (Minister of Justice) v. Canada (Minister of Justice), 2003 CanLII 52182 (QC CA) Search in Google Scholar

[9] R. v. B.W.P.; R. v. B.V.N., [2006] 1 S.C.R. 941 Search in Google Scholar

[10] R. v. C.D.; R. v. C.D.K., [2005] 3 SCR 668 Search in Google Scholar

[11] R. v. M. (J.J.), [1993] 2 S.C.R. 421 Search in Google Scholar

[12] R. v. Valente, [1985] 2 S.C.R. 673 Search in Google Scholar

[13] R. v. T. (V.), [1992] 1 S.C.R. 749 Search in Google Scholar

[14] Starr v. State, 297 Ark. 26, 759 S.W.2d 535 (1988)10.1016/0008-6223(88)90085-1 Search in Google Scholar

[15] Anand, S. (2003), ‘Crafting Youth Sentences: The Roles of Rehabilitation, Proportionality, Restraint, Restorative Justice, and Race Under the Youth Criminal Justice Act’, 40 Alta. L. Rev. 943 Search in Google Scholar

[16] Anand, S. S. (1998), ‘Sentencing, Judicial Discretion and Juvenile Justice, Part I’, Criminal Law Quarterly, 41(3), 318-344 Search in Google Scholar

[17] Anand, S. S. (1998), ‘Sentencing, Judicial Discretion and Juvenile Justice, Part II’, Criminal Law Quarterly, 41(3), 485-500 Search in Google Scholar

[18] Bala, N. (2003), ‘Diversion, Conferencing, and Extrajudicial Measures for Adolescent Offenders. Alberta Law Review, 40(4), 991-1028 Search in Google Scholar

[19] Bala, N. (1993), ‘R. v. M. (J.J.): The Rehabilitative Ideal for Young Offenders – Back to the Past?’, 20 C.R. (4th) 308, p. 309 Search in Google Scholar

[20] Bala, N. & Anand, S. (2009), Youth Criminal Justice Law, 2th ed., Concord Irwin Law Search in Google Scholar

[21] Bala, N. & Roberts, J.V. (2008), ‘Canada’s Juvenile System: Promoting Community-Based Responses to Youth Crime’ in J. Junger-Tas & S. H. Decker, International Handbook of Juvenile Justice, Springer Search in Google Scholar

[22] Cesaroni, C., & Bala, N. (2008), ‘Deterrence as Principle of Youth Sentencing: No Effect on Youth, but Significant on Judges’, Queen’s Law Journal, 34(1), 447-482 Search in Google Scholar

[23] Corrado, R. R., Gronsdahl, K., MacAlister, D., & Cohen, I. (2006), ‘Should Deterrence Be Sentencing Principle under the Youth Criminal Justice Act?’, Canadian Bar Review, 85(3), 539568 Search in Google Scholar

[24] Corrado, R. R., Gronsdahl, K., & MacAlister, D. (2007), ‘The Youth Criminal Justice Act: Can the Supreme Court of Canada Balance the Competing and Conflicting Models of Youth Justice’, Criminal Law Quarterly, 53(1), 14-66 Search in Google Scholar

[25] Cox, P. (2010), ‘Juvenile Justice Reform and Policy Convergence in the New Vietnam’, Youth Justice, 10(3), 227-24410.1177/1473225410381685 Search in Google Scholar

[26] Davis-Barron, S. (2015), Youth and the Criminal Law in Canada, 2nd edition, LexisNexis Canada Search in Google Scholar

[27] Doob, A. N., & Sprott, J. B. (1999), ‘Changes in Youth Sentencing in Canada’, Federal Sentencing Reporter, 11(5), 262-26810.2307/20640182 Search in Google Scholar

[28] Doob, A. N. & Sprott, J. B. (2006), ‘Punishing Youth Crime in Canada: The Blind Men and the Elephant.’ Punishment and Society, 8(2), 223-23310.1177/1462474506062106 Search in Google Scholar

[29] Endres, K. (2004), ‘The Youth Criminal Justice Act: The New Face of Canada’s Youth Criminal Justice System’, Family Court Review, 42(3), 526-539 Search in Google Scholar

[30] Gleeson, M., Chief Justice of Australia (August 16, 1998), The Role of the Judge and Becoming a Judge, National Judicial Orientation Programme, Sydney Search in Google Scholar

[31] Kozinski, A. (1993), ‘What I Ate for Breakfast and Other Mysteries of Judicial Decision Making’, 26 Loy. L.A. L. Rev. 993 Search in Google Scholar

[32] Kropotkin, P. (1887), In Russian and French Prisons, London: Ward and Downey Search in Google Scholar

[33] Nguyen, C. L. (2016), ‘Criminal liability of juvenile offenders under new Penal Code’, Vietnam Law & Legal Forum. Retrieved from: https://vietnamlawmagazine.vn/criminal-liability-of-juvenile-offenders-under-new-penal-code-5212.html Search in Google Scholar

[34] Nicholson P. & Nguyen Hung Quang (2017), ‘Independence, Impartiality and Integrity of the Judiciary in Vietnam’ in H.P. Lee and Marilyn Pittard, Asia-Pacific JudiciariesIndependence, Impartiality and Integrity, Cambridge University Press Search in Google Scholar

[35] Parèus, F. (2014), Policing Youth in Vietnam: Using Juvenile Reform as a Means of Social Control, Master Thesis, University of Oslo Search in Google Scholar

[36] Pham, T. T. N. (2015), The Rights of the Child in the Judicial Sector in Vietnam: Compliance with International Legal Standards, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Faculty of Law, Humanities and the Arts, University of Wollongong Search in Google Scholar

[37] Roberts, J. V. (2003), ‘Sentencing Juvenile Offenders in Canada: An Analysis of Recent Reform Legislation’, Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 19(4), 413-43410.1177/1043986203259124 Search in Google Scholar

[38] Roberts, J. V. & Bala, N. (2003), ‘Understanding Sentencing Under the Youth Criminal Justice Act’, Alberta Law Review, 41(2), 395-424 Search in Google Scholar

[39] Rosenberg M. & Perrault S. (2002), ‘Ifs and Buts in Charter Adjudication: The Unruly Emergence of Constitutional Exemptions in Canada’, 16 Supreme Court Law Review 375 Search in Google Scholar

[40] Stubbs, J. (1991), ‘The Sentencing of Young Offenders in Canada: Question of Principle’, Current Issues in Criminal Justice, 3(2), 219-23610.1080/10345329.1991.12036521 Search in Google Scholar

[41] Tan Duy, L. H. & Dandurand, Y. (2021), ‘Alignment of Vietnamese Law on the Treatment of Juvenile Prisoners with International Standards and Norms’, Youth Justice, 1-18 Search in Google Scholar

[42] Tan Duy, L. H. (2018), ‘Evaluation of Vietnamese Criminal Procedure Law Applicable to Juvenile Offenders (Case Study of the United Nations Model of Juvenile Criminal Justice)’, Kutafin Law Review, 5(2), 356-392 Search in Google Scholar

[43] Tan Duy, L. H. (2013), Protecting the Rights of Juvenile Offenders in Vietnamese and Victorian Criminal Procedure Laws in Compliance with United Nations Benchmark Model of Juvenile Justice, PhD Thesis, La Trobe University Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
2719-3004
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
2 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Law, International Law, Foreign Law, Comparative Law, other, Commercial Law, Labor Law, Public Law