<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The international shipping industry transports about 90 per cent of the global trade volume and is responsible for only two per cent of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, the shipping sector is considered as an environmentally friendly transport mode. Nevertheless, global shipping can also improve its environmental footprint. So that in recent years clean shipping initiatives have been placed on the political agenda with the implementation of the Sulphur Emission Control Area (SECA) and Nitrogen Emission Control Area (ECA) regulations and the Global Cap. The next target of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in the sequel of the Paris Agreement of climate protection is dedicated to reduction of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by up to 50 % until the year 2050.</p>
<p>The paper investigates and discusses the research questions to what extent ammonia can be used in Baltic Sea Region (BSR) to propel merchant vessels and how ammonia can fulfil future demands under technical, economic and infrastructural aspects to become the green fuel for the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) shipping industry. The study benchmarks the properties of ammonia as marine fuel against Marine Gas Oil (MGO) and Liquified Natural Gas (LNG). The research is based on secondary data analysis that is complemented by expert interviews and case studies, and the results are empirically validated by data that were collected during the EU projects “EnviSuM”, “GoLNG”, “CSHIPP” and “Connect2SmallPorts” that took place within the last four years in the BSR.</p>
</abstract>

The international shipping industry transports about 90 per cent of the global trade volume and is responsible for only two per cent of the anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions. Consequently, the shipping sector is considered as an environmentally friendly transport mode. Nevertheless, global shipping can also improve its environmental footprint. So that in recent years clean shipping initiatives have been placed on the political agenda with the implementation of the Sulphur Emission Control Area (SECA) and Nitrogen Emission Control Area (ECA) regulations and the Global Cap. The next target of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in the sequel of the Paris Agreement of climate protection is dedicated to reduction of the Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions by up to 50 % until the year 2050.
The paper investigates and discusses the research questions to what extent ammonia can be used in Baltic Sea Region (BSR) to propel merchant vessels and how ammonia can fulfil future demands under technical, economic and infrastructural aspects to become the green fuel for the Baltic Sea Region (BSR) shipping industry. The study benchmarks the properties of ammonia as marine fuel against Marine Gas Oil (MGO) and Liquified Natural Gas (LNG). The research is based on secondary data analysis that is complemented by expert interviews and case studies, and the results are empirically validated by data that were collected during the EU projects “EnviSuM”, “GoLNG”, “CSHIPP” and “Connect2SmallPorts” that took place within the last four years in the BSR.

Ammonia as Clean Shipping Fuel for the Baltic Sea Region

Hochschule Wismar, University of Applied Sciences: Technology, Business and Design

Transport and Telecommunication Journal

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Ammonia as Clean Shipping Fuel for the Baltic Sea Region"}

The international shipping industry transports about 90 per cent of the global trade volume and is responsible for only two per cent of the anthropogenic...

Ammonia as Clean Shipping Fuel for the Baltic Sea Region

Published Online: Feb 18, 2022

Page range: 102 - 112

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2022-0010

Keywords
Clean Shipping, Ammonia, Alternative Fuels, BSR, Decarbonisation

© 2022 Laima Gerlitz et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Ammonia as Clean Shipping Fuel for the Baltic Sea Region

Published Online: Feb 18, 2022

Page range: 102 - 112

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2022-0010

KeywordsClean Shipping, Ammonia, Alternative Fuels, BSR, Decarbonisation

© 2022 Laima Gerlitz et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
Clean Shipping, Ammonia, Alternative Fuels, BSR, Decarbonisation