<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) denotes several disorders around the lateral aspect of the hip. GTPS may develop in native hips as well as after total hip arthroplasty (THA). It is estimated that 5−12% of patients suffer from GTPS after primary THA. Despite the prevalence of GTPS, it is hard to diagnose and manage it properly. The VISA-G questionnaire was developed as a patient-reported outcome measurement tool for evaluation of GTPS. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the reliability of the VISA-G Slovenian and its construct and criterion validity.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Methods</h3>
<p>After the finalization of the VISA-G Slovenian translation procedure, 59 patients with a painful trochanteric region planned for THA filled in the VISA-G Slovenian at the hospital on two occasions 5−7 days apart. On the first occasion, each patient also filled in the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and the Harris Hip Score (HHS) was completed by the physiotherapist.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The VISA-G Slovenian was found to have a test-retest reliability of ICC 0.977; 95% CI [0.96; 0.986]. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha 0.79. The statistically significant, but low, correlation between the HHS and VISA-G (r=0.48) was obtained. Concurrent validity of the VISA-G with the EQ-5D-5L showed moderate to strong correlations in Mobility, Self-Care, Usual Activities, Pain, EQ-5D-5L Index and EQ VAS, but low correlation in the Anxiety subscale. No floor and ceiling effect were obtained.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>The VISA-G Slovenian has excellent psychometric properties needed to measure gluteal tendinopathy-related disability of patients in Slovenia. Thus, we recommend using the questionnaire for measuring trochanteric hip pain.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) denotes several disorders around the lateral aspect of the hip. GTPS may develop in native hips as well as after total hip arthroplasty (THA). It is estimated that 5−12% of patients suffer from GTPS after primary THA. Despite the prevalence of GTPS, it is hard to diagnose and manage it properly. The VISA-G questionnaire was developed as a patient-reported outcome measurement tool for evaluation of GTPS. The aims of the present study were to evaluate the reliability of the VISA-G Slovenian and its construct and criterion validity.


Methods
After the finalization of the VISA-G Slovenian translation procedure, 59 patients with a painful trochanteric region planned for THA filled in the VISA-G Slovenian at the hospital on two occasions 5−7 days apart. On the first occasion, each patient also filled in the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire and the Harris Hip Score (HHS) was completed by the physiotherapist.


Results
The VISA-G Slovenian was found to have a test-retest reliability of ICC 0.977; 95% CI [0.96; 0.986]. Internal consistency was assessed with Cronbach’s alpha 0.79. The statistically significant, but low, correlation between the HHS and VISA-G (r=0.48) was obtained. Concurrent validity of the VISA-G with the EQ-5D-5L showed moderate to strong correlations in Mobility, Self-Care, Usual Activities, Pain, EQ-5D-5L Index and EQ VAS, but low correlation in the Anxiety subscale. No floor and ceiling effect were obtained.


Conclusions
The VISA-G Slovenian has excellent psychometric properties needed to measure gluteal tendinopathy-related disability of patients in Slovenia. Thus, we recommend using the questionnaire for measuring trochanteric hip pain.

Psychometric Characteristics, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Slovenian Version of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessments for Gluteal Tendinopathy Questionnaire (VISA-G)

Slovenian Journal of Public Health

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

PSIHOMETRIČNE ZNAČILNOSTI, KULTURNA PRILAGODITEV IN VALIDACIJA SLOVENSKE RAZLIČICE VPRAŠALNIKA VISA-G (VICTORIAN INSTITUTE OF SPORTS ASSESSMENT FOR GLUTEAL TENDINOPATHY)

Introduction
Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (GTPS) denotes several disorders around the lateral aspect of the hip. GTPS may develop in native hips as well...

	Patients (n=59)
Age (years)	average (range)
	66.54 (21-85)
BMI (kg/m²)	average (range)
	29.05 (22-41.9)
Gender
Women	34 (57.6%)
Men	25 (42.4%)
ASA score
1st group	19 (32.2%)
2nd group	31 (52.5%)
3rd group	9 (15.2%)

		EQ-5D-5L scores under particular section
		mobility	self-care	usual activities	pain/discomfort	anxiety/depression	index
VISA-G	Correl. Coef.	-0.698**	-0.620**	-0.711**	-0.635**	-0.324*	0.754*
	p-value	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.000	0.012	0.000

Questionnaire	Average score	SD	SE	Range-(min-max)
VISA-G test	36.3	16.5	2.14	8-73
VISA-G retest	36.3	16.1	2.2	10-73
HHS*	60.3	15.7	2.1	28-87
EQ-5D-5L	0.56	0.21		-0.074-0.91

Psychometric Characteristics, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Slovenian Version of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessments for Gluteal Tendinopathy Questionnaire (VISA-G)

Article Category: Original scientific article

Published Online: Oct 04, 2023

Page range: 167 - 172

Received: Oct 19, 2022

Accepted: Jul 06, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2023-0024

Keywords
Hips, Greater trochanteric pain syndrome, Tendinopathy, Outcomes, Psychometric properties

© 2023 Samo ROŠKAR et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Characteristics of the patients included in the sample, n - number of the patients included, BMI - body mass index, ASA - American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Correlations (Spearman rho) between VISA-G index (1st assessment) and EQ-5D-5L scores among patients. Correl. Coef. - Spearman rho Correlation Coefficient.

Total scores of VISA-G test-retest, HHS, EuroQol EQ-5D-5L, SD –d standard deviation, SE – standard error.

Psychometric Characteristics, Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Slovenian Version of the Victorian Institute of Sports Assessments for Gluteal Tendinopathy Questionnaire (VISA-G)

Article Category: Original scientific article

Published Online: Oct 04, 2023

Page range: 167 - 172

Received: Oct 19, 2022

Accepted: Jul 06, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2023-0024

KeywordsHips, Greater trochanteric pain syndrome, Tendinopathy, Outcomes, Psychometric properties

© 2023 Samo ROŠKAR et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Characteristics of the patients included in the sample, n - number of the patients included, BMI - body mass index, ASA - American Society of Anesthesiologists.

Correlations (Spearman rho) between VISA-G index (1st assessment) and EQ-5D-5L scores among patients. Correl. Coef. - Spearman rho Correlation Coefficient.

Total scores of VISA-G test-retest, HHS, EuroQol EQ-5D-5L, SD –d standard deviation, SE – standard error.

Keywords
Hips, Greater trochanteric pain syndrome, Tendinopathy, Outcomes, Psychometric properties