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Measles outbreak in a Roma community in the Eastern region of Slovakia, May to October 2018

Henrieta Hudečková
Henrieta Hudečková
, 
Janka Stašková
Janka Stašková
, 
Ján Mikas
Ján Mikas
, 
Adriana Mečochová
Adriana Mečochová
, 
Edita Staroňová
Edita Staroňová
, 
Alexandra Polčičová
Alexandra Polčičová
, 
Tibor Baška
Tibor Baška
, 
Martin Novák
Martin Novák
, 
Nora Malinovská
Nora Malinovská
, 
Jana Zibolenová
Jana Zibolenová
, 
Viera Švihrová
Viera Švihrová
, 
Elena Nováková
Elena Nováková
 and 
Mária Štefkovičová
Mária Štefkovičová
   | Oct 18, 2020
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Article Category: Research Article
Published Online: Oct 18, 2020
Page range: 219 - 226
Received: Feb 13, 2020
Accepted: Sep 10, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/sjph-2020-0028
Keywords
© 2020 National Institute of Public Health, Slovenia
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Map of the reported measles cases by districts, Slovakia, May 4–October 16, 2018 (n=439). Source: EPIS SR, © Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic
Map of the reported measles cases by districts, Slovakia, May 4–October 16, 2018 (n=439). Source: EPIS SR, © Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic

Figure 2

Measles incidence rate and measles vaccination coverage according to the cohorts 1999-2016, the Michalovce and Sobrance districts in the Košice region, Slovakia, 1997-2018.
Measles incidence rate and measles vaccination coverage according to the cohorts 1999-2016, the Michalovce and Sobrance districts in the Košice region, Slovakia, 1997-2018.

Figure 3

The epidemic curve of the total measles cases, May–October 2018, for the Michalovce and Sobrance districts, Slovakia (n=439).
The epidemic curve of the total measles cases, May–October 2018, for the Michalovce and Sobrance districts, Slovakia (n=439).

The antibodies against measles, mumps and rubella by age group in the measles outbreak, May–October 2018, the Michalovce and Sobrance districts in the Košice region, Slovakia (n=102).

Positive and cut-off values (n=102) (%)
Characteristic 0 1-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-34
All cases 23 45 12 13 7 2 102
MEASLES
IgM n=68 13 (12.7) 31 (30.4) 8 (7.8) 11 (10.8) 4 (3.9) 1 (1.0) 68 (66.7)
IgG n=23 1 (1.0) 7 (6.9) 3 (2.9) 4 (3.9) 6 (5.9) 2 (2.0) 23 (22.5)
MUMPS
IgG n=60 10 (9.8) 28 (27.5) 8 (7.8) 6 (5.9) 6 (5.9) 2 (2.0) 60 (58.8)
RUBELLA
IgG n=20 2 (2.0) 3 (2.9) 3 (2.9) 4 (3.9) 6 (5.9) 2 (2.0) 20 (19.6)
Positive antibodies against rubella and the type of applied combination vaccines (n=20) (%)
MMR+MMR 2 (10.0) 3 (15.0) 3 (15.0) 1 (5.0) 0 0 9 (45.0)
MM+MMR 0 0 0 3 (15.0) 1 (5.0) 0 4 (20.0)
Mo+Mo 0 0 0 0 5 (25.0) 2 (10.0) 7 (35.0)
TOTAL 2 (10.0) 3 (15.0) 3 (15.0) 4 (20.0) 6 (30.0) 2 (10.0) 20 (100.0)
Negative antibodies against rubella and the type of applied combination vaccines (n=82) (%)
MMR+MMR

MMR+MMR: two doses of trivalent vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella

 21 (25.6) 42 (51.2) 9 (11.0) 9 (11.0) 0 0 81 (98.8)
MM+MMR

MM+MMR: one dose of bivalent measles-mumps vaccine, and one dose of trivalent measles-mumps-rubella vaccine

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mo+Mo

Mo+Mo: two doses of monovalent vaccine against measles

 0 0 0 0 1 (1.2) 0 1 (1.2)
TOTAL 21 (25.6) 42 (51.2) 9 (11.0) 9 (11.0) 1 (1.2) 0 82 (100.0)

Characteristics of all patients (n=439) and of patients vaccinated with two MCV doses (n=102) in the measles outbreak in Michalovce and Sobrance districts, Slovak Republic 2018.

Characteristics of all patients in the measles outbreak, the Michalovce and Sobrance districts (n=439)
Age group
Characteristic 0 1-4 5-9 10-14 15-19 20-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 TOTAL
Males 33 27 30 35 38 16 19 10 4 212
Females 48 33 42 30 38 13 12 8 3 227
TOTAL (%) 81 (18.5) 60 (13.7) 72 (16.4) 65 (14.8) 76 (17.3) 29 (6.6) 31 (7.1) 18 (4.1) 7 (1.6) 439 (100.0)
Hospitalized 72 (16.4) 51 (11.6) 52 (11.8) 31 (7.1) 47 (10.7) 18 (4.1) 13 (3.0) 2 (0.5) 2 (0.5) 288 (65.6)
Complications 10 (2.3) 8 (1.8) 6 (1.4) 2 (0.5) 8 (1.8) 1 (0.2) 3 (0.7) 0 1 (0.2) 39 (8.9)
VACCINATION STATUS (%) (n=439)
MCV1
MMR

TRIMOVAX, PRIORIX, M-M-RVAXPRO

 0 21 (4.8) 58 (13.2) 15 (3.4) 13 (3.0) 10 (2.3) 6 (1.4) 0 0 123 (28.0)
MM

MOPAVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 (0.2) 0 0 1 (0.2)
Mo

MOVIVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 (0.5) 1 (0.2) 3 (0.7)
All MCV1 0 21 (4.8) 58 (13.2) 15 (3.4) 13 (3.0) 10 (2.3) 7 (1.6) 2 (0.5) 1 (0.2) 127 (28.9)
MCV2
MMR

TRIMOVAX, PRIORIX, M-M-RVAXPRO

 0 0 0 37 (8.4) 52 (11.8) 17 (3.9) 10 (2.3) 2 (0.5) 0 118 (26.9)
MM

MOPAVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 (0.2) 0 1 (0.2)
Mo

MOVIVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 (2.1) 7 (1.6) 2 (0.5) 18 (4.1)
All MCV2 0 0 0 37 (8.4) 52 (11.8) 17 (3.9) 19 (4.3) 10 (2.3) 2 (0.5) 137 (31.2)
All vaccinated 0 21 (4.8) 58 (13.2) 52 (11.8) 65 (14.8) 27 (6.2) 26 (5.9) 12 (2.7) 3 (0.7) 264 (60.1)
Unvaccinated 0 23 (5.2) 14 (3.2) 12 (2.7) 5 (1.1) 1 (0.2) 0 0 3 (0.7) 58 (13.2)
Unvaccinated for age 81 (18.5) 16 (3.6) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 97 (22.1)
All unvaccinated 81 (18.5) 39 (8.9) 14 (3.2) 12 (2.7) 5 (1.1) 1 (0.2) 0 0 3 (0.7) 155 (35.3)
Unknown 0 0 0 1 (0.2) 6 (1.4) 1 (0.2) 5 (1.1) 6 (1.4) 1 (0.2) 20 (4.6)
Characteristics of patients vaccinated with 2 MCV doses in the measles outbreak in the Michalovce and Sobrance districts (n=102)
Males 0 0 0 13 22 7 6 4 1 53
Females 0 0 0 10 23 5 7 3 1 49
TOTAL (%) 0 0 0 23 (22.5) 45 (44.1) 12 (11.8) 13 (12.8) 7 (6.9) 2 (2.0) 102 (100.0)
VACCINATION STATUS (%) (n=102)
MCV1
MMR

TRIMOVAX, PRIORIX, M-M-RVAXPRO

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
MM

MOPAVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mo

MOVIVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
All MCV1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
MCV2
MMR

TRIMOVAX, PRIORIX, M-M-RVAXPRO

 0 0 0 23 (22.5) 45 (44.1) 12 (11.8) 13 (12.7) 0 0 93 (91.2)
MM

MOPAVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Mo

MOVIVAC

 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 (6.9) 2 (2.0) 9 (8.8)
All MCV2 0 0 0 23 (22.5) 45 (44.1) 12 (11.8) 13 (12.7) 7 (6.9) 2 (2.0) 102 (100.0)
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