The Impact of Parallel Energy Consumption on the District Heating Networks

[1] Latosov E., Volkova A., Siirde A., Kurnitski J., Thalfeldt M. Methodological approach to determining the effect of parallel energy consumption on district heating system. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2017:19:5–14. doi:10.1515/rtuect-2017-000110.1515/rtuect-2017-0001Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[2] Blumberga A., Cilinskis E., Gravelsins A., Ferrao P., Le O. Analysis of regulatory instruments promoting building energy efficiency. Energy Procedia 2018:147:258–267. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.09010.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.090Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[3] Augustins E., Jaunzems Dz., Rochas C., Kamenders A. Managing energy efficiency of buildings: analysis of ESCO experience in Latvia. Energy Procedia 2018:147:614–623. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.07910.1016/j.egypro.2018.07.079Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[4] Zogla G., Blumberga A. Energy Consumption and Indoor Air Quality of Different Ventilation Possibilities in a New Apartment Building. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2010:4:130–135. doi:10.2478/v10145-010-0028-110.2478/v10145-010-0028-1Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[5] Andric I., Pina A., Ferrao P., Fournier J., Lacarriere B., Le Corre O. Assessing the feasibility of using the heat demand-outdoor temperature function for a long-term district heat demand forecast. Energy Procedia 2017:132:963–968. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.09310.1016/j.egypro.2017.05.093Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[6] Ilomets S., Kuusk K., Paap L., Arumagi E., Kalamees T. Impact of Linear Thermal Bridges on Thermal Transmittance of Renovated Apartment Buildings. Journal of Civil Engineering and Management 2017:23(1):96–104. doi:10.3846/13923730.2014.97625910.3846/13923730.2014.976259Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[7] Zagorskas J., Kazimieras E., Turskis Z., Burinskien M., Blumberga A., Blumberga D. Thermal insulation alternatives of historic brick buildings in Baltic Sea Region. Energy and Buildings 2014:78:35–42. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2014.04.01010.1016/j.enbuild.2014.04.010Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[8] Delmastro C., Martinsson F., Dulac J., Corgnati S. P. Sustainable urban heat strategies: Perspectives from integrated district energy choices and energy conservation in buildings. Case studies in Torino and Stockholm. Energy 2017:138:1209–1220. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2017.08.01910.1016/j.energy.2017.08.019Search in Google Scholar

[9] Aberg M., Henning D. Optimisation of a Swedish district heating system with reduced heat demand due to energy efficiency measures in residential buildings. Energy Policy 2011:39(12):7839–7852. doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.03110.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.031Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[10] Zagorskas J., Paliulis G. M., Burinskiene M., Venckauskaite J., Rasmussen T. V. Energetic refurbishment of historic brick buildings: Problems and opportunities. Environmental and Climate Technologies 2013:12(1):20–27. doi:10.2478/rtuect-2013-001210.2478/rtuect-2013-0012Search in Google Scholar

[11] Kuusk K., Kalamees T. Estonian grant scheme for renovating apartment buildings. Energy Procedia 2016:96:628–637. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.11310.1016/j.egypro.2016.09.113Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[12] Leoncini L. The Primary Energy Factors play a central role in European 2020 targets achievement. Policies for Sustainable Construction 2016:113–120.Search in Google Scholar

[13] EU Directive 2010/31/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 19 May 2010 on the energy performance of buildings (recast). Official Journal of the European Union 2010:13–35.Search in Google Scholar

[14] Pakere I., Romagnoli F., Blumberga D. Introduction of small-scale 4_th generation district heating system. Methodology approach. Energy Procedia 2018:149:549–554. doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.21910.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.219Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[15] Gustavsson L., Dodoo A., Truong N. L., Danielski I. Primary energy implications of end-use energy efficiency measures in district heated buildings. Energy and Buildings 2011:43(1):38–48. doi:10.1016/j.enbuild.2010.07.02910.1016/j.enbuild.2010.07.029Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[16] Le Truong N., Dodoo A., Gustavsson L. Effects of heat and electricity saving measures in district-heated multistory residential buildings. Applied Energy 2014:118(1):57–67. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.00910.1016/j.apenergy.2013.12.009Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[17] Ziemele J., Cilinskis E., Zogla G., Gravelsins A. Impact of economical mechanisms on CO₂ emissions from non ETS district heating in Latvia using system dynamic approach. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering 2018:9(2):111–121. doi:10.1007/s40095-017-0241-910.1007/s40095-017-0241-9Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

9[18] Volkova A., Masatin V., Siirde A. Methodology for evaluating the transition process dynamics towards 4th generation district heating networks. Energy 2018:150(1):253–261. doi:10.1016/j.energy.2018.02.12310.1016/j.energy.2018.02.123Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[19] Gustafsson M., Gustafsson M. S., Myhren J. A., Bales C., Holmberg S. Techno-economic analysis of energy renovation measures for a district heated multi-family house. Applied Energy 2016:177(1):108–116. doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.10410.1016/j.apenergy.2016.05.104Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[20] Thalfeldt M., Kurnitski J., Latosov E. Exhaust air heat pump connection schemes and balanced heat recovery ventilation effect on district heat energy use and return temperature. Applied Thermal Engineering 2018:128(5):402–414. doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.09.03310.1016/j.applthermaleng.2017.09.033Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

[21] RT I 24.03.2015 2, Korterelamute rekonstrueerimise toetuse andmise tingimused, Estonian Ministry of Economy and Communications Ordinance, 2015.Search in Google Scholar

[22] Thalfeldt M., Kurnitski J., Latosov E. The Effect of Exhaust Air Heat Pump on District Heat Energy Use and Return Temperature. CLIMA 2016 – proceedings of the 12th REHVA World Congress: Volume 3. Aalborg: Aalborg University, 2016.Search in Google Scholar

[23] Software IDA-ICE. IDA Indoor Climate and Energy 4.7.Search in Google Scholar

[24] Energiatohususe miinimumnouded [In Estonian]. Estonian Ministry of Economy and Communications Ordinance No. 55, 03.06.2015.Search in Google Scholar

[25] Estonian Competition Authority. Soojuse piirhinna kooskolastamise pohimotted [In Estonian]. Tallinn, 2013.Search in Google Scholar

[26] Valisohku valjutatava susinikdioksiidi heite arvutusliku maaramise meetodid [In Estonian]. Riigi Teataja, 2017.Search in Google Scholar

[27] Uiga J. CO₂ emissions resulting from Final Energy Consumption – A Case Study of Tartu City. Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu, 2014.Search in Google Scholar