<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">Pharmacogenomics describes the link between the genetic code and variations in drug response or adverse effects. It is rapidly gaining in both interest and accessibility. The knowledge of the gene-drug pairing for a wide range of medications will allow the clinician to select drugs with the best efficacy, appropriate dose and lowest likelihood of serious side effects.In order to apply this knowledge, practitioners need to be familiar with the basic principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics and how these relate to drug response. Once these are understood, so can be the genetic variations that lead to different phenotypes. Our review explains these concepts and uses examples of commonly prescribed medications and their gene pairings. At the present time, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines remain sparse in regards to pharmacogenomic testing but, despite this, direct-to-consumer testing is widely available. In this context, we detail how to interpret a pharmacogenomic report, we review the indications for testing, as well as its limitations.This information is a step ahead towards invidualized medicine, in the hope that tailoring medications and doses to an individual’s genetic make-up will predict a safe and effective response.</abstract>

Pharmacogenomics describes the link between the genetic code and variations in drug response or adverse effects. It is rapidly gaining in both interest and accessibility. The knowledge of the gene-drug pairing for a wide range of medications will allow the clinician to select drugs with the best efficacy, appropriate dose and lowest likelihood of serious side effects.In order to apply this knowledge, practitioners need to be familiar with the basic principles of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics and how these relate to drug response. Once these are understood, so can be the genetic variations that lead to different phenotypes. Our review explains these concepts and uses examples of commonly prescribed medications and their gene pairings. At the present time, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) guidelines remain sparse in regards to pharmacogenomic testing but, despite this, direct-to-consumer testing is widely available. In this context, we detail how to interpret a pharmacogenomic report, we review the indications for testing, as well as its limitations.This information is a step ahead towards invidualized medicine, in the hope that tailoring medications and doses to an individual’s genetic make-up will predict a safe and effective response.

Pharmacogenomics: introduction and use in clinical practice

Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

{"article-title":"Pharmacogenomics: introduction and use in clinical practice"}

Pharmacogenomics describes the link between the genetic code and variations in drug response or adverse effects. It is rapidly gaining in both interest and...

Pharmacogenomics: introduction and use in clinical practice

Published Online: Jun 02, 2020

Page range: 69 - 74

Received: Jan 28, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjim-2020-0001

Keywords
pharmacogenomics, clinical practice, CYP450

© 2020 Hollie Saunders et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Pharmacogenomics: introduction and use in clinical practice

Published Online: Jun 02, 2020

Page range: 69 - 74

Received: Jan 28, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/rjim-2020-0001

Keywordspharmacogenomics, clinical practice, CYP450

© 2020 Hollie Saunders et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Keywords
pharmacogenomics, clinical practice, CYP450