Electrochemotherapy in treatment of canine oral malignant melanoma and factors influencing treatment outcome
, , , and | Mar 07, 2020
About this article
Article Category: research article
Published Online: Mar 07, 2020
Page range: 68 - 78
Received: Dec 31, 2019
Accepted: Feb 23, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/raon-2020-0014
© 2020 Matías Nicolás Tellado, Felipe Horacio Maglietti, Sebastián Diego Michinski, Guillermo Ricardo Marshall, Emanuela Signori, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
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Univariate (Fisher exact test) and multivariate (Logistic regression analysis) test for analyzing the association between OR and different factors
| Characteristics | Number of patients with OR | Univariate Fisher exact test | Multivariate OR 95% CI Logistic Regression Analysis | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex (M/F) | 37/30 | p = 0.602 | – | – |
| Location (Rostral/Caudal) | 36/31 | p = 0.062 | – | – |
| Bone Involvement (Yes/No) | 43/24 | automatically excluded | – | |
| Metastasis present, excluding lymph nodes (Yes/No) | 10/57 | p = 0.150 | – | – |
| Early-stage (stages I+II/stages III+IV) | 30/37 | 0.08(0.02-0.36) | 0.0013 |
WHO criteria for staging canine oral melanoma
| Stage | Tumor diameter | Lymph node involvement | Metastasis |
|---|---|---|---|
| I | < 2 cm | No | No |
| II | 2 - 4 cm | No | No |
| III | > or = 4 cm | No | No |
| Any | Yes | No | |
| IV | Any | Yes or No | Yes |
Univariable (Kaplan-Meier) and multivariable (Cox proportional-hazards) analysis of patient-related factors for time to progression and overall survival time. Hazard Ratio and 95% Confidence interval is reported
| Sex | |||||||||
| Male | 35 | 1.58 (0.95–2.63) | 0.0634 | – | – | 1.67 (0.99–2.75) | – | – | |
| Female | 30 | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Rostral | 34 | 0.71 (0.43–1.16) | 0.1596 | – | – | 0.77 (0.47–1.26) | 0.2921 | – | – |
| Caudal | 31 | – | – | – | – | ||||
| No (or lynph node only) | 55 | 0.29 (0.09–0.88) | – | – | 0.34 (0.12–0.96) | – | – | ||
| Yes | 10 | – | – | – | – | ||||
| Yes | 42 | 2.45 (1.50–4.00) | |||||||
| No | 23 | (0.24–0.88) | 0.0184 | 0.42 (0.26–0.68) | (0.28–0.98) | 0.043 | |||
| Epithelioid vs. Fusocellular | 16 / 16 | 0.59 (0.31–1.14) | 0.1768 | – | – | 0.60 (0.32–1.14) | 0.0534 | – | – |
| Epithelioid | 16 / 17 | 0.54 (0.28–1.05) | – | – | 0.49 (0.25–0.96) | – | – | ||
| Epithelioid | 16 / 9 | 0.46 (0.19–1.11) | – | – | 0.35 (0.14–0.93) | – | – | ||
| Fusocellular | 16 / 17 | 0.92 (0.44–1.93) | – | – | 0.82 (0.39–1.72) | – | – | ||
| Fusocellular | 16 / 9 | 0.77 (0.30–1.99) | – | – | 0.59 (0.22–1.64) | – | – | ||
| Mixed | 17 / 9 | 0.84 (0.33–2.18) | – | – | 0.73 (0.26–2.04) | – | – | ||
| I | 10 / 18 | 1.86 (1.03–3.34) | <0.0001 | Stage I: (0.13–0.74) | 0.0083 | 0.53 (0.30–0.96) | 0.0001 | Stage I: (0.07 –0.47) | 0.0005 |
| I | 10 / 26 | 3.28 (1.76–6.09) | 0.28 (0.15–0.53) | Stage II: (0.24–0.82) | 0.0094 | ||||
| I | 10 / 11 | 9.05 (2.58–31.75) | 0.19 (0.07–0.51) | ||||||
| II | 18 / 26 | 0.57 (0.30–1.06) | 0.52 (0.27–0.99) | ||||||
| II | 18 / 11 | 0.21 (0.06–0.72) | Stage IV:(2.04–9.29) | 0.0001 | 0.35 (0.13–0.96) | ||||
| III | 26 / 11 | 0.36 (0.10–1.29) | 0.67 (0.24–1.90) |
Patients’ demographics
| Characteristics of 67 patients | Mean (range) (%) |
|---|---|
| Age (years) | 11.7 (6–16) |
| Sex ratio (M:F) | 37:30 |
| Body weight (kg) | 22.6 (3.5–58) |
| Crossbreed | 24 (35.8%) |
| Labrador retriever | 9 (13.4%) |
| Cocker spaniel | 7 (10.4%) |
| Golden retriever | 6 (8.9%) |
| Beagle | 4 (5.9%) |
| Poodle | 4 (5.9%) |
| Rottweiler | 3 (4.4%) |
| Doberman | 2 (2.9%) |
| Shar-Pei | 2 (2.9%) |
| Dogo | 1 (1.4%) |
| English Mastiff | 1 (1.4%) |
| Chow-Chow | 1 (1.4%) |
| Basset Hound | 1 (1.4%) |
| Pekingese | 1 (1.4%) |
| Dalmatian | 1 (1.4%) |
| Location (Rostral : Caudal) | 36 : 31 |
| I | 11 (16.5%) |
| II | 19 (28.3%) |
| III | 26 (38.8%) |
| IV | 11 (16.4%) |
| Epithelioid | 17 (25.4%) |
| Mixed | 17 (25.4%) |
| Spindle cell | 17 (25.4%) |
| Anaplastic | 9 (13.4%) |
| Others | 7 (10.4%) |