<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D supplementation is related to improved clinical outcomes in terms of intensive care unit admission and death, particularly in individuals with moderate-to-severe forms of COVID-19. The placebo-controlled five-day study was performed on 99 hospitalised COVID-19 patients with vitamin D insufficiency randomised into two groups. Vitamin D in the form of a sublingual sprayable microemulsion was given three times daily (daily dose 12,000 IU) to 51 patients with blood 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/ml. Forty-eight patients in the control group received a placebo spray in the same daily regimen. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and pre-protocol analysis were used to verify the impact of 25(OH)D level elevation on inflammatory markers. There was a statistically significant increase by 8.7 ± 7.6 ng/ml in 25(OH)D level from the baseline level of 15.6 ± 6.5 ng/ml in the case group. Individuals with moderately severe disease showed negative correlation between changes in 25(OH)D and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in both ITT and pre-protocol analysis (<italic>p</italic> &lt; 0.05). Mild and severe cases showed no statistical significance in CRP levels. There were no statistically significant changes in ferritin and IL-6 levels in ITT and pre-protocol analysis. In conclusion, high-dose vitamin D therapy was accompanied by significant decrease in CRP levels in COVID-19 patients with a moderate to severe illness.</p>
</abstract>

Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D supplementation is related to improved clinical outcomes in terms of intensive care unit admission and death, particularly in individuals with moderate-to-severe forms of COVID-19. The placebo-controlled five-day study was performed on 99 hospitalised COVID-19 patients with vitamin D insufficiency randomised into two groups. Vitamin D in the form of a sublingual sprayable microemulsion was given three times daily (daily dose 12,000 IU) to 51 patients with blood 25(OH)D levels below 30 ng/ml. Forty-eight patients in the control group received a placebo spray in the same daily regimen. Intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis and pre-protocol analysis were used to verify the impact of 25(OH)D level elevation on inflammatory markers. There was a statistically significant increase by 8.7 ± 7.6 ng/ml in 25(OH)D level from the baseline level of 15.6 ± 6.5 ng/ml in the case group. Individuals with moderately severe disease showed negative correlation between changes in 25(OH)D and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in both ITT and pre-protocol analysis (p < 0.05). Mild and severe cases showed no statistical significance in CRP levels. There were no statistically significant changes in ferritin and IL-6 levels in ITT and pre-protocol analysis. In conclusion, high-dose vitamin D therapy was accompanied by significant decrease in CRP levels in COVID-19 patients with a moderate to severe illness.

Impact of Vitamin D Therapy on C-Reactive Protein, Ferritin, and IL-6 Levels in Hospitalised Covid-19 Patients

Pauls Stradiņš Clinical University Hospital

Proceedings of the Latvian Academy of Sciences. Section B. Natural, Exact, and Applied Sciences.

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with poor prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Vitamin D supplementation is related to improved clinical outcomes in terms of...

Impact of Vitamin D Therapy on C-Reactive Protein, Ferritin, and IL-6 Levels in Hospitalised Covid-19 Patients

Published Online: Sep 28, 2023

Page range: 153 - 161

Received: Jun 28, 2023

Accepted: Aug 08, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0021

Keywords
Vitamin D insufficiency, sublingual sprayable microemulsion, inflammatory markers

© 2023 Sintija Sauša et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Impact of Vitamin D Therapy on C-Reactive Protein, Ferritin, and IL-6 Levels in Hospitalised Covid-19 Patients

Published Online: Sep 28, 2023

Page range: 153 - 161

Received: Jun 28, 2023

Accepted: Aug 08, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/prolas-2023-0021

KeywordsVitamin D insufficiency, sublingual sprayable microemulsion, inflammatory markers

© 2023 Sintija Sauša et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
Vitamin D insufficiency, sublingual sprayable microemulsion, inflammatory markers