<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome (HIS) and Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are conditions that affect term and premature babies, with different pathophysiology and different brain disorders. HIE appears in 1-6 / 1000 live births and 26/1000 live births in developing countries. 15-20% die in the early neonatal period, while surviving babies have severe neurological impairment, including cerebral palsy, epilepsy, visual and hearing impairment, cognitive impairment, intellectual, behavioural, and social disorders. The hypoxic-ischemic event occurs before, during or after birth. The reasons may be related to the mother, the way of birth, the placenta, and the newborn. The criteria for diagnosis of HIE include a combination of perinatal factors, the need for resuscitation, standard neurological examinations, neurophysiological monitoring, neuroimaging methods and biochemical markers. The most effective treatment for HIE is hypothermia in combination with pharmacological therapy. HIE and HIS are problem that still persist in developing countries due to inadequate obstetric care, neonatal resuscitation, and hypothermia. Current and emerging research for HIE examines new markers for early recognition, treatment, and appropriate neuroprotection of high-risk term and premature infants.</p>
</abstract>

Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome (HIS) and Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are conditions that affect term and premature babies, with different pathophysiology and different brain disorders. HIE appears in 1-6 / 1000 live births and 26/1000 live births in developing countries. 15-20% die in the early neonatal period, while surviving babies have severe neurological impairment, including cerebral palsy, epilepsy, visual and hearing impairment, cognitive impairment, intellectual, behavioural, and social disorders. The hypoxic-ischemic event occurs before, during or after birth. The reasons may be related to the mother, the way of birth, the placenta, and the newborn. The criteria for diagnosis of HIE include a combination of perinatal factors, the need for resuscitation, standard neurological examinations, neurophysiological monitoring, neuroimaging methods and biochemical markers. The most effective treatment for HIE is hypothermia in combination with pharmacological therapy. HIE and HIS are problem that still persist in developing countries due to inadequate obstetric care, neonatal resuscitation, and hypothermia. Current and emerging research for HIE examines new markers for early recognition, treatment, and appropriate neuroprotection of high-risk term and premature infants.

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants

University Clinic for Gynecology and Obstetrics

PRILOZI

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants"}

Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome (HIS) and Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) are conditions that affect term and premature babies, with different pathophysiology...

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants

Published Online: Apr 22, 2022

Page range: 77 - 84

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2022-0013

Keywords
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome, term newborn, premature newborn

© 2022 Sanja Ristovska et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy (HIE) in Term and Preterm Infants

Published Online: Apr 22, 2022

Page range: 77 - 84

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/prilozi-2022-0013

Keywordshypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome, term newborn, premature newborn

© 2022 Sanja Ristovska et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, Hypoxic-ischemic syndrome, term newborn, premature newborn