Ophthalmic Injuries in Sailors and Sea Workers – Pathomechanism and Treatment

1 M. R. Wilson, F. Wooten, and J. Williams, “Frequency and characteristics of ocular trauma in an urban population,” Journal of the National Medical Association, vol. 83, no. 8, pp. 697–702, Aug. 1991, Accessed: Sep. 20, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1956080/ Search in Google Scholar

2 J. P. Whitcher, M. Srinivasan, and M. P. Upadhyay, “Corneal blindness: a global perspective,” Bulletin of the World Health Organization, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 214–221, 2001, [Online]. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11285665/ Search in Google Scholar

3 S. Ka, S. Pk, S. Ka, and S. Pk, “Occupational eye traumatism of members of vessel‘s crews of the Northern Water‘s Basin,” Journal of Clinical Research and Ophthalmology, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 021–024, Jun. 2019, Accessed: Sep. 20, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://www.peertechzpublications.com/articles/JCRO-6-158.php Search in Google Scholar

4 S. S. Ahmad, “Water related ocular diseases,” Saudi Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 227–233, Jul. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.sjopt.2017.10.009. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

5 M. Reyes-Batlle, I. Sifaoui, R. L. Rodríguez-Expósito, J. E. Piñero, and J. Lorenzo-Morales, “New Insights in Acanthamoeba,” Pathogens, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 609, May 2022, doi: 10.3390/pathogens11050609. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

6 M. H. Nasef, S. Y. El Emam, M. S. ElShorbagy, and W. A. Allam, “Acanthamoeba Keratitis in Egypt: Characteristics and Treatment Outcomes,” Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.), vol. 15, pp. 1339–1347, 2021, doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S301903. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

7 K. Megha, A. Thakur, S. Khurana, R. Sehgal, and A. Gupta, “Acanthamoeba keratitis: A 4-year review from a tertiary care hospital in North India,” Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 83–90, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.3126/nepjoph.v12i1.24769. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

8 Y. Hilliam, S. Kaye, and C. Winstanley, “Pseudomonas aeruginosa and microbial keratitis,” Journal of Medical Microbiology, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 3–13, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.001110. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

9 D. Subedi, A. K. Vijay, and M. Willcox, “Overview of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa : an ocular perspective,” Clinical and Experimental Optometry, vol. 101, no. 2, pp. 162–171, Oct. 2017, doi: 10.1111/cxo.12621. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

10 T. P. O’Brien, B. H. Jeng, M. McDonald, and M. B. Raizman, “Acute conjunctivitis: truth and misconceptions,” Current Medical Research and Opinion, vol. 25, no. 8, pp. 1953–1961, Jun. 2009, doi: 10.1185/03007990903038269. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

11 A. A. Azari and N. P. Barney, “Conjunctivitis,” JAMA, vol. 310, no. 16, p. 1721, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.1001/jama.2013.280318. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

12 T. Y. Wong, B. E. K. Klein, and R. Klein, “The prevalence and 5-year incidence of ocular trauma11The authors have no proprietary interest in the methods or materials described in this paper.,” Ophthalmology, vol. 107, no. 12, pp. 2196–2202, Dec. 2000, doi: 10.1016/s0161-6420(00)00390-0. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

13 S. C. Loon, W. T. Tay, S. M. Saw, J. J. Wang, and T. Y. Wong, “Prevalence and risk factors of ocular trauma in an urban south-east Asian population: the Singapore Malay Eye Study,” Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, vol. 37, no. 4, pp. 362–367, May 2009, doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2009.02035.x. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

14 S. Harun, “Modification of classification of ocular chemical injuries,” British Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 88, no. 10, pp. 1353–1355, Oct. 2004, doi: 10.1136/bjo.2004.046797/047308. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

15 T. AlMahmoud, S. M. Al Hadhrami, M. Elhanan, H. N. Alshamsi, and F. M. Abu-Zidan, “Epidemiology of eye injuries in a high-income developing country,” Medicine, vol. 98, no. 26, p. e16083, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1097/md.0000000000016083. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

16 F. Kuhn, R. Morris, C. D. Witherspoon, and V. Mester, “The Birmingham Eye Trauma Terminology system (BETT),” Journal Francais D’ophtalmologie, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 206–210, Feb. 2004, doi: 10.1016/s0181-5512(04)96122-0. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

17 F. Kuhn, R. Maisiak, L. Mann, V. Mester, R. Morris, and C. D. Witherspoon, “The Ocular Trauma Score (OTS),” Ophthalmology Clinics of North America, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 163–165, vi, Jun. 2002, doi: 10.1016/s0896-1549(02)00007-x. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

18 S. Bawany, T. Macintosh, and L. Ganti, “Ocular Thermal Burn Injury in the Emergency Department,” Cureus, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.7759/cureus.7137. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

19 E. Masson, “Brûlures oculaires,” EM-Consulte. https://www.em-consulte.com/article/186598/brulures-oculaires (accessed Sep. 20, 2022), doi: 10.1016/s0181-5512(08)74391-2. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

20 AA. Sharma, Y. C. V. G. Reddy, A. P. Shetty, and S. M. A. Kader, “Electric shock induced Purtscher-like retinopathy,” Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, vol. 67, no. 9, pp. 1497–1500, Sep. 2019, doi: 10.4103/ijo.IJO_1737_18. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

21 J. R. Saffle, A. Crandall, and G. D. Warden, “Cataracts: a long-term complication of electrical injury,” The Journal of Trauma, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 17–21, Jan. 1985, Accessed: Sep. 20, 2022. [Online]. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3965734/ Search in Google Scholar

22 “Purtscher, O. (1910) Noch Unbekannte Befunde Nach Schadeltrauma. Bericht Uber Die Zusammenkunft Der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft, 36, 294-301. - References - Scientific Research Publishing,” www.scirp.org.https://www.scirp.org/(S(i43dyn45teexjx455qlt3d2q))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=1346756 (accessed Sep. 20, 2022). Search in Google Scholar

23 K. Tripathy and B. C. Patel, “Purtscher Retinopathy,” PubMed, 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542167/ (accessed Sep. 20, 2022). Search in Google Scholar

24 J. B. Alsberge, J. J. Chen, and H. R. McDonald, “Purtscher-like retinopathy in a patient with milk-alkali syndrome and pancreatitis,” Retinal Cases & Brief Reports, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000001157. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

25 A. I. M. Miguel, F. Henriques, L. F. R. Azevedo, A. J. R. Loureiro, and D. A. L. Maberley, “Systematic review of Purtscher’s and Purtscher-like retinopathies,” Eye, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 1–13, Nov. 2012, doi: 10.1038/eye.2012.222. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

26 J. C. Bowman and W. Gossman, “Diving Mask Squeeze,” PubMed, 2022. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK545224/ Search in Google Scholar

27 S. Ergözen, “Preventable Diving-related Ocular Barotrauma: A Case Report,” Türk Oftalmoloji Dergisi, vol. 47, no. 5, pp. 296–297, Oct. 2017, doi: 10.4274/tjo.67503. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

28 C. Rosenberry, M. Angelidis, and D. Devita, “Orbital Subperiosteal Hematoma From Scuba Diving,” Wilderness & Environmental Medicine, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 250–252, Sep. 2010, doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2010.06.003. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar

29 C. Edmonds, B. Mckenzie, and R. Thomas, Diving medicine for scuba divers. 5th ed. Carnegie, Vic.: Jl Publications, 2013. Search in Google Scholar

30 L. Deleu, J. Catherine, L. Postelmans, and C. Balestra, “Effect of SCUBA Diving on Ophthalmic Parameters,” Medicina, vol. 58, no. 3, p. 408, Mar. 2022, doi: 10.3390/medicina58030408. Open DOISearch in Google Scholar