Dry single-stage method of sodium tripolyphosphate production – technological and economic assessment

1. Wzorek, Z. (2002). Operational properties of sodium tripoliphosphate. Technical Transactions, Chemistry 3, 67-73 (in Polish).Search in Google Scholar

2. Kijkowska, R., Kowalski, Z., Pawłowska-Kozińska, D., Wzorek, Z. & Gorazda, K. (2008). Tripolyphosphate made from Wet-process Phosphoric Acid with the use of a rotary kiln. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 47, 6821-6827. DOI: 10.1021/ie800412q.10.1021/ie800412qSearch in Google Scholar

3. Broze, G. (1999). Handbook of Detergents, Part A: Properties, CRC Press.10.1201/b10985Search in Google Scholar

4. CEEP. (2007). Function of phosphates in detergents. Retrieved July 14, 2008, from http://www.ceep-phosphates.orgSearch in Google Scholar

5. Kowalski, Z., Kijkowska, R., Pawłowska-Kozińska, D. & Wzorek, Z. (2002). Sodium tripolyphosphate and others condensed sodium phosphates production methods. Pol. J. Chem. Tech. 4(3), 27-33.Search in Google Scholar

6. King, C.S. (1947). US Patent No. 2419147. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Patent and Trademark Offi ce.Search in Google Scholar

7. Zobel, D., Kuchler, K., Oppermann, H. & Soyka, H. (1977). Patent no. DE2121885. German Patent and Trademark Offi ce.Search in Google Scholar

8. Kowalski, Z., Kijkowska R., Pawłowska-Kozińska, D., Wzorek, Z., Gorazda, K. & Banach, M. (2008). Report from realization of research project for State Committee for Scientifi c Research, The new technological solutions of sodium tripoliphosphate and sodium pyrophosphate production processes. Unpublished, Kraków, Poland (in Polish).Search in Google Scholar

9. Van Wazer, J.R. (1958). Phosphorus and Its Compounds. New York, USA: Interscience Publishers.Search in Google Scholar

10. Pikoń, K. (1970). Aparatura Chemiczna. Warszawa, WNT.Search in Google Scholar