<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>This review describes the presence of phthalate diesters (PAEs) in various products and elements of the environment, their toxicology, and possible risk is presented as reported in the scientific literature. PAEs have been detected in a variety of environmental elements, including air, soils, sediments, and landfill leachate, as well as in ground, surface, and drinking water, which makes them a common environmental contaminant. The most common and detectable phthalate in all elements of the environment is di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). When added up, the amounts of human exposure to all sources of phthalates can be significant and pose an equally significant health risk to humans and other living organisms. Several PAEs, including DEHP, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-isobutylphthalate (DIBP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) are classified as toxic to reproduction and have endocrine-disrupting properties. Despite the introduction of strict regulations and restrictions on PAEs worldwide, long-term monitoring of human exposure is needed to reduce the potential risk to humans and other living organisms.</p>
</abstract>

This review describes the presence of phthalate diesters (PAEs) in various products and elements of the environment, their toxicology, and possible risk is presented as reported in the scientific literature. PAEs have been detected in a variety of environmental elements, including air, soils, sediments, and landfill leachate, as well as in ground, surface, and drinking water, which makes them a common environmental contaminant. The most common and detectable phthalate in all elements of the environment is di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). When added up, the amounts of human exposure to all sources of phthalates can be significant and pose an equally significant health risk to humans and other living organisms. Several PAEs, including DEHP, di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP), di-isobutylphthalate (DIBP), and butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) are classified as toxic to reproduction and have endocrine-disrupting properties. Despite the introduction of strict regulations and restrictions on PAEs worldwide, long-term monitoring of human exposure is needed to reduce the potential risk to humans and other living organisms.

Phthalates in the environment: Their toxicology and associated risk to humans

Environmental Protection and Natural Resources

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Phthalates in the environment: Their toxicology and associated risk to humans"}

This review describes the presence of phthalate diesters (PAEs) in various products and elements of the environment, their toxicology, and possible risk is...

Phthalates in the environment: Their toxicology and associated risk to humans

Published Online: Mar 31, 2023

Page range: 1 - 12

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2023-0001

Keywords
DEHP, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, ecotoxicology, landfill, leachate, phthalate, phthalic acid esters, PAE, risk

© 2023 Paweł Wowkonowicz, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Phthalates in the environment: Their toxicology and associated risk to humans

Published Online: Mar 31, 2023

Page range: 1 - 12

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/oszn-2023-0001

KeywordsDEHP, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, ecotoxicology, landfill, leachate, phthalate, phthalic acid esters, PAE, risk

© 2023 Paweł Wowkonowicz, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
DEHP, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, ecotoxicology, landfill, leachate, phthalate, phthalic acid esters, PAE, risk