<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a 4-amino quinoline derivative, has antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activity and was most recently proposed in the treatment of SARS-COVID-19. Its pharmacokinetics and toxic side effects necessitate the monitoring of its presence in the environment and its removal from wastewater. In this study, HCQ was removed from an aqueous solution with a removal efficiency of between 80% and 90% under electron beam (EB) irradiation. The degradation of HCQ was propagated by reactions involving both the hydroxyl radical and aqueous electron. The degradation was observed to follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction. The applied radiation dose, pH, and initial HCQ concentration were influential in the degradation efficiency under EB irradiation. Acidic and alkaline pH favored the removal of HCQ under EB irradiation. Even though the initial HCQ was successfully degraded, it was not completely mineralized. The TOC and chemical oxygen demand (COD) remained at a relatively stable level following EB irradiation of the aqueous solutions. This is attributed to the formation of other organic compounds that were not degraded under the investigated experimental conditions.</p>
</abstract>

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a 4-amino quinoline derivative, has antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activity and was most recently proposed in the treatment of SARS-COVID-19. Its pharmacokinetics and toxic side effects necessitate the monitoring of its presence in the environment and its removal from wastewater. In this study, HCQ was removed from an aqueous solution with a removal efficiency of between 80% and 90% under electron beam (EB) irradiation. The degradation of HCQ was propagated by reactions involving both the hydroxyl radical and aqueous electron. The degradation was observed to follow a pseudo-first-order kinetic reaction. The applied radiation dose, pH, and initial HCQ concentration were influential in the degradation efficiency under EB irradiation. Acidic and alkaline pH favored the removal of HCQ under EB irradiation. Even though the initial HCQ was successfully degraded, it was not completely mineralized. The TOC and chemical oxygen demand (COD) remained at a relatively stable level following EB irradiation of the aqueous solutions. This is attributed to the formation of other organic compounds that were not degraded under the investigated experimental conditions.

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine in aqueous solutions under electron beam treatment

Nukleonika

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ), a 4-amino quinoline derivative, has antimalarial and anti-inflammatory activity and was most recently proposed in the treatment of...

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine in aqueous solutions under electron beam treatment

Article Category: Original Paper

Published Online: Jun 25, 2024

Page range: 65 - 74

Received: Oct 05, 2023

Accepted: Feb 16, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2024-0009

Keywords
Advanced oxidation process, Aqueous solutions, Degradation, Electron beam, Hydroxychloroquine

© 2024 Stephen Kabasa et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Degradation of hydroxychloroquine in aqueous solutions under electron beam treatment

Article Category: Original Paper

Published Online: Jun 25, 2024

Page range: 65 - 74

Received: Oct 05, 2023

Accepted: Feb 16, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/nuka-2024-0009

KeywordsAdvanced oxidation process, Aqueous solutions, Degradation, Electron beam, Hydroxychloroquine

© 2024 Stephen Kabasa et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
Advanced oxidation process, Aqueous solutions, Degradation, Electron beam, Hydroxychloroquine