Numerical Insights Into Gas Mixing System Design for Energy Conversion Processes

7 Aasberg-Petersen, K., Bak Hansen, J.-H., Christensen, T.S., Dybkjaer, I., Seier Christensen, P., Stub Nielsen, C., & Winter, S.E.L. (2001). Technologies for Large-Scale Gas Conversion. Applied Catalysis A: General, 221 (1), 379–387. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0926-860X(01)00811-0. Search in Google Scholar

8 Bolívar Caballero, J.J., Zaini, I.N., & Yang, W. (2022). Reforming Processes for Syngas Production: A Mini-Review on the Current Status, Challenges, and Prospects for Biomass Conversion to Fuels. Applications in Energy and Combustion Science, 10, 100064. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaecs.2022.100064. Search in Google Scholar

9 Keiski, R. L., Ojala, S., Huuhtanen, M., Kolli, T., & Leiviskä, K. (2011). Partial Oxidation (POX) Processes and Technology for Clean Fuel and Chemical Production. Advances in Clean Hydrocarbon Fuel Processing: Science and Technology, 262–286. https://doi.org/10.1533/9780857093783.3.262. Search in Google Scholar

10 Lu, X., & Wang, T. (2015). Simulation of Ash Deposition Behavior in an Entrained Flow Coal Gasifier. International Journal of Clean Coal and Energy, 4, 43–59. https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcce.2015.42005. Search in Google Scholar

11 Bhuiyan, A.A., & Naser, J. (1015). Modeling of Slagging in Industrial Furnace: A Comprehensive Review. Procedia Engineering, 105, 512–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2015.05.084. Search in Google Scholar

12 Christensen, T., & Primdahl, I.I. (1994). Improve Syngas Production Using Autothermal Reforming. Hydrocarbon Processing. Search in Google Scholar

13 Wang, Y., Gu, M., Wu, J., Cao, L., Lin, Y., & Huang, X. (2021). Formation of Soot Particles in Methane and Ethylene Combustion: A Reactive Molecular Dynamics Study. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 46 (73), 36557–36568. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2021.08.125. Search in Google Scholar

14 Cañete, B., Gigola, C.E., & Brignole, N.B. (2014). Synthesis Gas Processes for Methanol Production via CH4 Reforming with CO₂, H2O, and O2. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 53 (17), 7103–7112. https://doi.org/10.1021/ie404425e. Search in Google Scholar

15 Ma, R., Xu, B., & Zhang, X. (2019). Catalytic Partial Oxidation (CPOX) of Natural Gas and Renewable Hydrocarbons/Oxygenated Hydrocarbons—A Review. Catalysis Today, 338, 18–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2019.06.025. Search in Google Scholar

16 ANSYS. (n.d.). ANSYS FLUENT 12.0 Theory Guide - 4.11.2 Filtered Navier-Stokes Equations. Available at https://www.afs.enea.it/project/neptunius/docs/fluent/html/th/node94.htm Search in Google Scholar

17 Nicoud, F., & Ducros, F. (1999). Subgrid-Scale Stress Modelling Based on the Square of the Velocity Gradient Tensor. Flow, Turbulence and Combustion, 62 (3), 183–200. Search in Google Scholar

18 Westbrook, C.L., & Dryer, F.L. (1981). Simplified Reaction Mechanisms for the Oxidation of Hydrocarbon Fuels in Flames. Combust. Sci. Technol., 27, 31–43. Search in Google Scholar

19 Bustanmante, F., Enick, R.M., Killmeyer, R.P., Howard, B.H., Rothenberger, K.S., Cugini, A.V., … & Ciocco, M.V. (2005). Uncatalyzed and Well-catalyzed Forward Water-Gas Shift Reaction Kinetics. AIChE J., 51, 1440–1454. Search in Google Scholar

20 Gomez, M.A., Porteiro, J., Patino, D., & Miguez, J.L. (2014). CFD Modelling of Thermal Conversion and Packed Bed Compaction in Biomass Combustion. Fuel, 117, 716–732. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2013.08.078 Search in Google Scholar

21 Hou, K., & Hughes, R. (2001). The Kinetics of Methane Steam Reforming over a Ni/α-Al₂O Catalyst. Chemical Engineering Journal, 82, 311–328. Search in Google Scholar

22 Openfoam. (n.d.). OpenFOAM v2112. Available at https://www.openfoam.com/news/main-news/openfoam-v2112 Search in Google Scholar

23 NIST Chemistry WebBook. (n.d.). Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems. Available at https://webbook.nist.gov/chemistry/fluid/ Search in Google Scholar

24 Openfoam. (n.d.). OpenFOAM v10 User Guide - 7.1 Thermophysical Models. Available at https://doc.cfd.direct/openfoam/user-guide-v10/thermophysical Search in Google Scholar

25 Smith, G.P., Golden, D.M., Frenklach, M., Moriarty, N.W., Eiteneer, B., Goldenberg, M., … & Qin, Z. (n.d.) GRI-Mech 3.0. Available: http://combustion.berkeley.edu/gri-mech/version30/text30.html Search in Google Scholar

26 Cox, K. R., & Chapman, W. G. (2001). The Properties of Gases and Liquids (5th ed.). McGraw-Hill: New York. Search in Google Scholar

27 Yoshizawa, A. (1986). Statistical Theory for Compressible Turbulent Shear Flows, with the Application to Subgrid Modelling. The Physics of Fluids, 29 (7), 2152–2164. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.865552 Search in Google Scholar

28 Bellos, V., Nalbantis, I., & Tsakiris, G. (2018). Friction Modeling of Flood Flow Simulations. Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, 144 (12), 04018073. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001540. Search in Google Scholar