<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec>
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>The article presents a rapid and simple analytical procedure for determination of four sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole), trimethoprim, tylosin and amoxicillin in animal medicated feed.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Eighteen medicated feed samples were analysed for active substances. The analytical protocol used a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.05 M phosphoric buffer, pH 4.5 for the extraction of seven antibacterial substances. After extraction, the samples were diluted in Milli-Q water and analysed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The developed procedure was subjected to validation in terms of linearity, selectivity, limits of quantification and determination, repeatability, reproducibility and uncertainty.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The validation of the method was carried out in accordance with the criteria set out in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/808 and ICH guidelines. This method provided average recoveries of 90.8 to 104.5% with coefficients of variation for repeatability and reproducibility in the ranges of 3.2–6.9% and 5.2–8.3%, respectively for all analysed antibacterial substances. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for all seven analytes ranged from 5.4 mg/kg to 48.3 mg/kg and from 10.4 mg/kg to 119.3 mg/kg, respectively. The uncertainty of the method depending on the compound varied from 14.0% to 24.0%. The validated method was successfully applied to the 18 medicated feeds.</p>
</sec>
<sec>
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>The developed method can be successfully used to routinely control the content and homogeneity of seven antibacterial substances in medicated feed.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
The article presents a rapid and simple analytical procedure for determination of four sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine and sulfamethoxazole), trimethoprim, tylosin and amoxicillin in animal medicated feed.


Material and Methods
Eighteen medicated feed samples were analysed for active substances. The analytical protocol used a mixture of acetonitrile and 0.05 M phosphoric buffer, pH 4.5 for the extraction of seven antibacterial substances. After extraction, the samples were diluted in Milli-Q water and analysed by liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry. The developed procedure was subjected to validation in terms of linearity, selectivity, limits of quantification and determination, repeatability, reproducibility and uncertainty.


Results
The validation of the method was carried out in accordance with the criteria set out in Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2021/808 and ICH guidelines. This method provided average recoveries of 90.8 to 104.5% with coefficients of variation for repeatability and reproducibility in the ranges of 3.2–6.9% and 5.2–8.3%, respectively for all analysed antibacterial substances. The limit of detection and limit of quantification for all seven analytes ranged from 5.4 mg/kg to 48.3 mg/kg and from 10.4 mg/kg to 119.3 mg/kg, respectively. The uncertainty of the method depending on the compound varied from 14.0% to 24.0%. The validated method was successfully applied to the 18 medicated feeds.


Conclusion
The developed method can be successfully used to routinely control the content and homogeneity of seven antibacterial substances in medicated feed.

Simultaneous determination of sulfonamides, trimethoprim, amoxicillin and tylosin in medicated feed by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
The article presents a rapid and simple analytical procedure for determination of four sulfonamides (sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamethazine...

Simultaneous determination of sulfonamides, trimethoprim, amoxicillin and tylosin in medicated feed by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry

Published Online: Mar 23, 2024

Page range: 129 - 136

Received: Sep 11, 2023

Accepted: Feb 20, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0011

Keywords
sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tylosin, amoxicillin, medicated feed, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)

© 2024 Ewelina Patyra et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Simultaneous determination of sulfonamides, trimethoprim, amoxicillin and tylosin in medicated feed by high performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry

Published Online: Mar 23, 2024

Page range: 129 - 136

Received: Sep 11, 2023

Accepted: Feb 20, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2024-0011

Keywordssulfonamides, trimethoprim, tylosin, amoxicillin, medicated feed, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)

© 2024 Ewelina Patyra et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
sulfonamides, trimethoprim, tylosin, amoxicillin, medicated feed, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS)