<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jvetres-2023-0003_s_005">
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Bovine papillomatosis affects animal health and represents one of the greatest economic losses in the livestock sector. New control and prevention methods to protect the livestock industry from this disease are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate a candidate peptide for antibody production against bovine papillomavirus (BPV).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2023-0003_s_006">
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>A total of 64 cattle underwent wart excision among 5,485 cattle distributed over 2 to 4 farms per state and 12 farms in total in the four Mexican states of Tabasco, Chiapas, Veracruz, and Nuevo León. The prevalence of bovine papillomatosis per farm was calculated by wart visualisation. The warts were genotyped by PCR and sequenced, then a phylogenetic tree was built using MEGA X software. A synthetic peptide was designed in the ABCpred, Bepipred 2.0, Bepipred IDBT, Bepitope, LBtope, and MHC II predictor online server software’s based on the C-terminal region of the L1 protein. Mice antibody production was induced by subcutaneous immunisation with 50 μg of synthetic peptide and evaluated by indirect ELISA.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2023-0003_s_007">
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The prevalence of BPV was higher in Tabasco, Chiapas, and Veracruz. Bovine papillomaviruses 1 and 2 were found in all representative samples. A phylogenetic tree showed that Mexican sequences were located in exclusive clades yet were highly related to international ones. The peptide immunisation induced antibody titres of 1 : 10,000/1 : 1,000,000 against synthetic peptide and whole wart lysate (WWL), respectively.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2023-0003_s_008">
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Co-infections of BPV-1 and -2 were found in all four states. Immunisation of BALB/C mice with BPV-1/2–derived synthetic peptide based on the C-terminal region of the major viral capsid protein L1 induced the production of specific antibodies able to recognise BPV-1/2 viral particles from bovine WWL.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Bovine papillomatosis affects animal health and represents one of the greatest economic losses in the livestock sector. New control and prevention methods to protect the livestock industry from this disease are necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate a candidate peptide for antibody production against bovine papillomavirus (BPV).


Material and Methods
A total of 64 cattle underwent wart excision among 5,485 cattle distributed over 2 to 4 farms per state and 12 farms in total in the four Mexican states of Tabasco, Chiapas, Veracruz, and Nuevo León. The prevalence of bovine papillomatosis per farm was calculated by wart visualisation. The warts were genotyped by PCR and sequenced, then a phylogenetic tree was built using MEGA X software. A synthetic peptide was designed in the ABCpred, Bepipred 2.0, Bepipred IDBT, Bepitope, LBtope, and MHC II predictor online server software’s based on the C-terminal region of the L1 protein. Mice antibody production was induced by subcutaneous immunisation with 50 μg of synthetic peptide and evaluated by indirect ELISA.


Results
The prevalence of BPV was higher in Tabasco, Chiapas, and Veracruz. Bovine papillomaviruses 1 and 2 were found in all representative samples. A phylogenetic tree showed that Mexican sequences were located in exclusive clades yet were highly related to international ones. The peptide immunisation induced antibody titres of 1 : 10,000/1 : 1,000,000 against synthetic peptide and whole wart lysate (WWL), respectively.


Conclusion
Co-infections of BPV-1 and -2 were found in all four states. Immunisation of BALB/C mice with BPV-1/2–derived synthetic peptide based on the C-terminal region of the major viral capsid protein L1 induced the production of specific antibodies able to recognise BPV-1/2 viral particles from bovine WWL.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of peptides derived from L1 protein against bovine papillomavirus-1/2 identified along Mexico’s cattle export route

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
Bovine papillomatosis affects animal health and represents one of the greatest economic losses in the livestock sector. New control and prevention...

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of peptides derived from L1 protein against bovine papillomavirus-1/2 identified along Mexico’s cattle export route

Published Online: Feb 28, 2023

Page range: 11 - 21

Received: May 23, 2022

Accepted: Jan 26, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0003

Keywords
BPV-1/2, papillomavirus, bovine, wart, PCR

© 2023 P.L. García Coronado et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of peptides derived from L1 protein against bovine papillomavirus-1/2 identified along Mexico’s cattle export route

Published Online: Feb 28, 2023

Page range: 11 - 21

Received: May 23, 2022

Accepted: Jan 26, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2023-0003

KeywordsBPV-1/2, papillomavirus, bovine, wart, PCR

© 2023 P.L. García Coronado et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
BPV-1/2, papillomavirus, bovine, wart, PCR