<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0066_s_005_w2aab3b7c21b1b6b1aab1c14b1Aa"><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Avian polyomavirus (APV) and psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) induce contagious and persistent diseases that affect the beaks, feathers, and immune systems of companion birds. APV causes hepatitis, ascites, hydropericardium, depression, feather disorders, abdominal distension, and potentially death. PBFDV can induce progressive beak deformity, feather dystrophy, and plumage loss. We conducted the first prevalence survey of both APV and PBFDV infections in companion birds in eastern Turkey.</p></sec><sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0066_s_006_w2aab3b7c21b1b6b1aab1c14b2Aa"><h3>Material and Methods</h3><p>A total of 113 fresh dropping samples from apparently healthy companion birds were collected in a random selection. The dropping samples were analysed for PBFDV and APV by PCR. Positive samples were sequenced with the Sanger method. The sequence was confirmed through alignment and the phylogenetic tree generated through the maximum likelihood method computationally.</p></sec><sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0066_s_007_w2aab3b7c21b1b6b1aab1c14b3Aa"><h3>Results</h3><p>PBFDV and APV were detected in a respective 48.7% and 23.0% of samples. Coinfection was found in 12.4% of the samples, these all being from budgerigars (<italic>Melopsittacus undulatus</italic>). APV and PBFDV were detected in budgerigar and cockatiel (<italic>Nymphicus hollandicus</italic>) samples.</p></sec><sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0066_s_008_w2aab3b7c21b1b6b1aab1c14b4Aa"><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This report provides a foundation for future studies on the influence of these viruses on the health of companion birds. These high positive rates for both pathogens emphasise that healthy <italic>M. undulatus</italic> and <italic>N. hollandicus</italic> in eastern Turkey may be prone to the emergence and spread of APV and PBFDV with subclinical potential.</p></sec></abstract>

IntroductionAvian polyomavirus (APV) and psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) induce contagious and persistent diseases that affect the beaks, feathers, and immune systems of companion birds. APV causes hepatitis, ascites, hydropericardium, depression, feather disorders, abdominal distension, and potentially death. PBFDV can induce progressive beak deformity, feather dystrophy, and plumage loss. We conducted the first prevalence survey of both APV and PBFDV infections in companion birds in eastern Turkey.Material and MethodsA total of 113 fresh dropping samples from apparently healthy companion birds were collected in a random selection. The dropping samples were analysed for PBFDV and APV by PCR. Positive samples were sequenced with the Sanger method. The sequence was confirmed through alignment and the phylogenetic tree generated through the maximum likelihood method computationally.ResultsPBFDV and APV were detected in a respective 48.7% and 23.0% of samples. Coinfection was found in 12.4% of the samples, these all being from budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus). APV and PBFDV were detected in budgerigar and cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) samples.ConclusionThis report provides a foundation for future studies on the influence of these viruses on the health of companion birds. These high positive rates for both pathogens emphasise that healthy M. undulatus and N. hollandicus in eastern Turkey may be prone to the emergence and spread of APV and PBFDV with subclinical potential.

Investigation and sequence analysis of avian polyomavirus and psittacine beak and feather disease virus from companion birds in eastern Turkey

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

IntroductionAvian polyomavirus (APV) and psittacine beak and feather disease virus (PBFDV) induce contagious and persistent diseases that affect the beaks,...

Investigation and sequence analysis of avian polyomavirus and psittacine beak and feather disease virus from companion birds in eastern Turkey

Published Online: Oct 15, 2020

Page range: 495 - 501

Received: Apr 24, 2020

Accepted: Sep 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0066

Keywords
companion birds, avian polyomavirus, psittacine beak and feather disease virus, dropping samples, phylogenetic analysis

© 2020 M.C. Adiguzel et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Investigation and sequence analysis of avian polyomavirus and psittacine beak and feather disease virus from companion birds in eastern Turkey

Published Online: Oct 15, 2020

Page range: 495 - 501

Received: Apr 24, 2020

Accepted: Sep 30, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0066

Keywordscompanion birds, avian polyomavirus, psittacine beak and feather disease virus, dropping samples, phylogenetic analysis

© 2020 M.C. Adiguzel et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
companion birds, avian polyomavirus, psittacine beak and feather disease virus, dropping samples, phylogenetic analysis