<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0052_s_005">
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p><italic>Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile</italic> is a Gram+, anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium that can produce toxins, and it is mainly because its virulence is attributed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of <italic>C. difficile</italic> and hyper virulent ribotypes in chicken carcasses and the antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0052_s_006">
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p><italic>C. difficile</italic> was isolated from chicken carcasses by microbiological methods, its ribotypes were identified by means of PCR, the toxin production ability was defined by ELISA, and the susceptibility of the isolates to selected antibiotics was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration evaluator strips.</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0052_s_007">
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>The bacterium was isolated from 69 out of 185 (37.3%) examined chicken carcass samples, and six out of the 69 (8.7%) isolates were identified as ribotype 027. All isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100.0%), vancomycin (97.1%), metronidazole (88.4%), and tetracycline (95.7%), whereas they were resistant to cefotaxime (97.1%) and imipenem (89.9%).</p>
</sec>
<sec id="j_jvetres-2020-0052_s_008">
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>The results of this study demonstrate the presence of toxigenic <italic>C. difficile</italic> isolates such as ribotype 027 (one of the most common causes of <italic>C. difficile</italic> infection in humans) in chicken carcasses. Although there is no case for stating that <italic>C. difficile</italic> is a food-borne pathogen, the presence of <italic>C. difficile</italic> in chicken may be considered to be a potential risk to consumers.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile is a Gram+, anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium that can produce toxins, and it is mainly because its virulence is attributed. The objective of this study was to evaluate the presence of C. difficile and hyper virulent ribotypes in chicken carcasses and the antibiotic susceptibility of isolated strains.


Material and Methods
C. difficile was isolated from chicken carcasses by microbiological methods, its ribotypes were identified by means of PCR, the toxin production ability was defined by ELISA, and the susceptibility of the isolates to selected antibiotics was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration evaluator strips.


Results
The bacterium was isolated from 69 out of 185 (37.3%) examined chicken carcass samples, and six out of the 69 (8.7%) isolates were identified as ribotype 027. All isolates were susceptible to amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (100.0%), vancomycin (97.1%), metronidazole (88.4%), and tetracycline (95.7%), whereas they were resistant to cefotaxime (97.1%) and imipenem (89.9%).


Conclusion
The results of this study demonstrate the presence of toxigenic C. difficile isolates such as ribotype 027 (one of the most common causes of C. difficile infection in humans) in chicken carcasses. Although there is no case for stating that C. difficile is a food-borne pathogen, the presence of C. difficile in chicken may be considered to be a potential risk to consumers.

Characterisation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of <italic>Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile</italic> isolated from chicken carcasses

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Characterisation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of  isolated from chicken carcasses

Introduction
Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile is a Gram+, anaerobic, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium that can produce toxins, and it is mainly...

Characterisation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile isolated from chicken carcasses

Published Online: Aug 11, 2020

Page range: 407 - 412

Received: Jan 16, 2020

Accepted: Jul 27, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0052

Keywords
chicken, ribotype, antibiotic susceptibility, toxin

© 2020 E.B. Bingol et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Characterisation and antibiotic susceptibility profile of Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile isolated from chicken carcasses

Published Online: Aug 11, 2020

Page range: 407 - 412

Received: Jan 16, 2020

Accepted: Jul 27, 2020

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2020-0052

Keywordschicken, ribotype, antibiotic susceptibility, toxin

© 2020 E.B. Bingol et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
chicken, ribotype, antibiotic susceptibility, toxin