<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec id="j_jvetres-2019-0048_s_005">
<h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) was assessed in early diagnosis of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs.</p></sec>

<sec id="j_jvetres-2019-0048_s_006">
<h3>Material and Methods</h3>
<p>Subcutaneous gentamicin injection in 16 healthy adult beagles made the AKI model. Blood was sampled every 6 h to detect NGAL, Kim-1, L-FABP, and serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations. Kidney tissue of two dogs was taken before the injection, as soon as SCr was elevated (78 μmol/L), and when it had risen to 1.5 times the baseline, and haematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe changes.</p></sec>

<sec id="j_jvetres-2019-0048_s_007">
<h3>Results</h3>
<p>NGAL, Kim-1, and SCr levels were significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05) at 18, 30, and 78 h post injection, but L-FABP concentration was not associated with renal injury. At the earliest SCr elevation stage, findings were mild oedema, degeneration, and vacuolisation in renal tubular epithelial cells in pathology, and mild cytoplasmic and mitochondrial oedema in TEM. At this time point, NGAL and Kim-1 concentrations were significantly increased (P &lt; 0.05), indicating that these two molecules biomark early kidney injury in dogs. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, their warning levels were > 25.31 ng/mL and > 48.52 pg/mL.</p></sec>

<sec id="j_jvetres-2019-0048_s_008">
<h3>Conclusion</h3>
<p>Plasma NGAL and Kim-1 above warning levels are early indicators of gentamicin-induced AKI in dogs.</p></sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) was assessed in early diagnosis of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs.


Material and Methods
Subcutaneous gentamicin injection in 16 healthy adult beagles made the AKI model. Blood was sampled every 6 h to detect NGAL, Kim-1, L-FABP, and serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations. Kidney tissue of two dogs was taken before the injection, as soon as SCr was elevated (78 μmol/L), and when it had risen to 1.5 times the baseline, and haematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe changes.


Results
NGAL, Kim-1, and SCr levels were significantly increased (P < 0.05) at 18, 30, and 78 h post injection, but L-FABP concentration was not associated with renal injury. At the earliest SCr elevation stage, findings were mild oedema, degeneration, and vacuolisation in renal tubular epithelial cells in pathology, and mild cytoplasmic and mitochondrial oedema in TEM. At this time point, NGAL and Kim-1 concentrations were significantly increased (P < 0.05), indicating that these two molecules biomark early kidney injury in dogs. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, their warning levels were > 25.31 ng/mL and > 48.52 pg/mL.


Conclusion
Plasma NGAL and Kim-1 above warning levels are early indicators of gentamicin-induced AKI in dogs.

Screening of early diagnostic markers of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury in canines

Journal of Veterinary Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and liver-type fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP) was assessed in early diagnosis of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) in dogs.


Material and Methods
Subcutaneous gentamicin injection in 16 healthy adult beagles made the AKI model. Blood was sampled every 6 h to detect NGAL, Kim-1, L-FABP, and serum creatinine (SCr) concentrations. Kidney tissue of two dogs was taken before the injection, as soon as SCr was elevated (78 μmol/L), and when it had risen to 1.5 times the baseline, and haematoxylin-eosin staining and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to observe changes.


Results
NGAL, Kim-1, and SCr levels were significantly increased (P  25.31 ng/mL and > 48.52 pg/mL.


Conclusion
Plasma NGAL and Kim-1 above warning levels are early indicators of gentamicin-induced AKI in dogs.

Introduction
The value of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), and liver-type fatty acid binding protein...

Screening of early diagnostic markers of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury in canines

Published Online: Sep 13, 2019

Page range: 405 - 411

Received: Feb 07, 2019

Accepted: Jul 24, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0048

Keywords
dog, gentamicin, kidney pathology, NGAL, Kim-1, L-FABP

© 2019 J.-S. Zheng et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Screening of early diagnostic markers of gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury in canines

Published Online: Sep 13, 2019

Page range: 405 - 411

Received: Feb 07, 2019

Accepted: Jul 24, 2019

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2019-0048

Keywordsdog, gentamicin, kidney pathology, NGAL, Kim-1, L-FABP

© 2019 J.-S. Zheng et al. published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
dog, gentamicin, kidney pathology, NGAL, Kim-1, L-FABP