Efficacy and safety assessment of microbiological feed additive for chicken broilers in tolerance studies
Published Online: Mar 30, 2018
Page range: 57 - 64
Received: Dec 19, 2017
Accepted: Mar 12, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jvetres-2018-0008
Keywords
© 2018 M. Kupryś-Caruk et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.
Effects of experimental feeding on body weight and body weight gain of broiler chickens (g)
| K | Max | 10Max | Min | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rearing period | Mean value | SD | Mean value | SD | Mean value | SD | Mean value | SD |
| Body weight | ||||||||
| 1st day | 44.9 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
3.39 | 44.7 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
3.25 | 43.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
2.57 | 44.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
2.74 |
| 21st day | 698.9 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
90.41 | 739.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
99.62 | 737.0 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
99.08 | 765.2 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
110.15 |
| 35td day | 1785.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
213.36 | 1811.0 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
251.62 | 1841.9 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
234.33 | 1910.9 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
233.42 |
| 42nd day | 2428.8 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
272.71 | 2450.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
320.53 | 2563.1 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
314.74 | 2574.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
315.33 |
| Body weight gain | ||||||||
| 1st – 21st day | 656.7 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
22.79 | 696.3 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
44.30 | 695.3 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
33.25 | 727.3 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
7.97 |
| 22nd – 35td day | 1083.8 | 17.27 | 1078.9 | 81.72 | 1105.3 | 57.86 | 1139.0 | 34.23 |
| 36td – 42nd day | 646.6 | 27.88 | 636.0 | 32.64 | 719.9 | 65.4 | 673.1 | 79.64 |
| 1st – 42nd day | 2387.1 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
21.12 | 2481.6 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
77.03 | 2450.2 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
153.5 | 2539.4 mean values (in rows) marked witd various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
68.43 |
Effects of experimental feeding on feed intake and feed conversion by broiler chickens
| Feed | K | Max | 10Max | Min | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean value | SD | Mean value | SD | Mean value | SD | Mean value | SD | |
| Feed initake, kg per chicken | ||||||||
| Starter | 1.36 | 0.06 | 1.46 | 0.06 | 1.4 | 0.08 | 1.47 | 0.09 |
| Grower | 2.15 | 0.22 | 2.21 | 0.15 | 2.06 | 0.2 | 2.08 | 0.13 |
| Finisher | 1.08 | 0.1 | 1.1 | 0.12 | 1.04 | 0.14 | 1.09 | 0.13 |
| Total 1st – 42nd day | 4.28 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.22 | 4.88 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.31 | 4.45 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.27 | 4.54 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.23 |
| Feed conversioin, kg kg-1 of body weight gain | ||||||||
| Starter | 1.96 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.2 | 2.48 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.3 | 2.09 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.11 | 2.08 mean values (in rows) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
0.13 |
| Grower | 1.98 | 0.2 | 2.06 | 0.23 | 1.83 | 0.2 | 1.81 | 0.12 |
| Finisher | 1.67 | 0.14 | 1.71 | 0.13 | 1.51 | 0.14 | 1.66 | 0.29 |
| Total 1st –M2nd day | 1.89 | 0.13 | 1.97 | 0.1 | 1.81 | 0.13 | 1.84 | 0.08 |
Calculated quantities of preparation and bacteria in feed and suspected daily intake of the preparation and bacteria by a chicken
| The amount in feed | Daily intake | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experimental group | Preparation (g kg–1) | Bacteria (cfu g–1) | Preparation (g piece–1 day–1) | Bacteria (cfu piece–1 day–1) |
| Starter | ||||
| Max | 1.0 | 1.0 × 106 | 0.035 | 3.5 × 107 |
| 10Max | 10 | 1.0 × 107 | 0.350 | 3.5 × 108 |
| Min | 0.5 | 5.0 × 105 | 0.018 | 1.8 × 107 |
| Grower | ||||
| Max | 0.3 | 3.0 × 105 | 0.036 | 3.6 × 107 |
| 10Max | 3.0 | 3.0 × 106 | 0.360 | 3.6 × 108 |
| Min | 0.15 | 1.5 × 105 | 0.018 | 1.8 × 107 |
| Finisher | ||||
| Max | 0.2 | 2.0 × 105 | 0.043 | 4.3 × 107 |
| 10Max | 2.0 | 2.0 × 106 | 0.430 | 4.3 × 108 |
| Min | 0.1 | 1.0 × 105 | 0.021 | 2.2 × 107 |
Effects of experimental feeding on haematology of broiler chickens
| Group | Sex | Erythrocyte Total RBC (T L–1) | Lymphocyte (%) | Monocyte (%) | Leukocyte Total WBC (G L–1) | Haemoglobin (g dL–1) | Haematocrit PCV (%) | Heterophil (%) | Basophil (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K | ♂ | 3.0±0.53 | 22.0±9.17 | 8.3±3.25 | 23.3±11.18 | 13.7±2.25 | 33.5±5.6 | 65.3±7.77 | 4.7±2.31 |
| ♀ | 2.5±0.16 | 43.0±0.89 | 4.3±1.91 | 41.7±5.92 | 11.7± 1.73 | 27.4±6.56 | 51.0±1.0 | 3.7±1.53 | |
| Max | ♂ | 2.6±0.1 | 20.3±0.58 | 9.0±5.57 | 15.4±1.31 | 12.5±0.53 | 29.1±2.49 | 59.7±5.69 | 9.7±0.58 |
| ♀ | 2.6±0.2 | 38.7±14.57 | 7.7±6.51 | 42.3±26.15 | 12.2±0.75 | 25.0±4.36 | 49.0±9.54 | 5.7±2.08 | |
| 10Max | ♂ | 2.4±0.14 | 35.3±7.02 | 9.0±7.55 | 30.9±21.92 | 11.8±0.6 | 27.6±4.36 | 53.3±1.15 | 2.3±0.58 |
| ♀ | 2.8±0.28 | 39.0±7.0 | 2.3±1.15 | 19.1±6.1 | 13.3± 1.56 | 30.9±3.21 | 51.7±6.51 | 7.0±3.61 | |
| Min | ♂ | 2.8±0.42 | 22.7±7.09 | 13.0±2.65 | 25.7±5.49 | 13.3±2.26 | 33.9±7.23 | 58.7±8.33 | 11.7±2.08 |
| ♀ | 2.7±0.04 | 39.3±14.47 | 14.3±2.08 | 24.3±5.41 | 12.6±0.46 | 29.1±1.44 | 51.3±11.5 | 3.3±1.53 | |
The effects of experimental feeding on microbial analysis of intestinal content after 42 days of chickens rearing (cfu g–1)
| Group | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K | 1.8 × 107 | 2.2 × 104 | 3.8 × 106 | present | 1.0 × 107 | 4.0 × 108 |
| Max | 5.2 × 107 | not detected | 7.3 × 106 | not detected | 1.3 × 107 | 2.1 × 108 |
| 10Max | 1.0 × 107 | not detected | 2.3 × 106 | not detected | 4.6 × 107 | 8.4 × 108 |
| Min | 1.0 × 107 | not detected | 7.0 × 106 | not detected | 2.7 × 107 | 4.3 × 108 |
Effects of experimental feeding on mortality of broiler chickens (%)
| Group | K | Max | 10Max | Min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mortality | 3.2 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 2.4 |
Chickens with very low body weight |
1.6 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.0 |
| Total losses | 4.8 | 2.4 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
Effects of experimental feeding on biochemical parameters of blood serum of broiler chickens
| Group | Sex | AST (U L–1) | Total protein (G L–1) | CK (U L–1) | Bile acids (μmol L–1) | Uric acid (Mg dL–1) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| K | ♂ | 379.3 ± 61.82 | 55.6 ± 3.27 | 9187.5 ± 1704.24 | 11.0 ± 6.14 | 2.5 ± 0.93 |
| ♀ | 406.1 ± 47.03 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
27.0 ± 1.41 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
9481.4 ± 2086.87 | 6.96 ± 4.93 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
2.9 ± 1.12 | |
| Max | ♂ | 451.0 ± 139.77 | 26.8 ± 2.71 | 10586.9 ± 1090.91 | 18.4 ± 2.98 | 7.7 ± 1.30 |
| ♀ | 375.1 ± 95.7 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
29.8 ± 2.56 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
9272.8 ± 1489.16 | 14.9 ± 24.79 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
4.7 ± 2.13 | |
| 10Max | ♂ | 405.4 ± 150.41 | 24.8 ± 2.79 | 9062.0 ± 2338.61 | 17.05 ± 4.62 | 4.0 ± 0.72 |
| ♀ | 563.5 ± 104.67 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
26.0 ± 1.67 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
11325.0 ± 602.84 | 13.67 ± 2.74 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
4.4 ± 1.03 | |
| Min | ♂ | 417.5 ± 8.55 | 25.0 ± 1.73 | 10355.9 ± 887.5 | 10.1 ± 2.9 | 2.1 ± 0.21 |
| ♀ | 417.1 ± 91.2 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
28.0 ± 2.58 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
9953.6 ± 1654.55 | 15.25 ± 3.87 mean values for hens (in columns) marked with various letters differ at significance level α = 0.05 |
3.0 ± 0.95 | |