Seed Germination of Raspberry (Rubus idaeus L.) Depending on the Age of Seeds and Hybridization Partners

Cultivar name	Country of origin	Pedigree	Ripening time	Productivity	Fruit		Susceptibility to RBDV	Spines on shoots
Cultivar name	Country of origin	Pedigree	Ripening time	Productivity	size	color	Susceptibility to RBDV	Spines on shoots
‘Canby’	USA	‘Viking’ × ‘Lloyd George’	early	high	medium	intense red	susceptible	+
‘Glen Ample’	UK	SCRI 7326E1 × SCRI 7412H16	medium early	high	large	bright red	low susceptibility	−
‘Sokolica’	POL	96131 × 96221	medium early	high	large	bright red	susceptible	+
‘Veten’	NOR	‘Asker’ × ‘Lloyd George’	early	medium to high	medium to large	red and dark red	low susceptibility	+
‘Willamette’	USA	‘Lloyd George’ × ‘Newburgh’	late	high	large	intense red	resistant	+

Influence of age and pedigree of the red raspberry seeds on the ability for germination within 60 days from the date of sowing the seeds (Skierniewice 2019)

Seed age (year of crossing)	Pedigree of seeds (crossing combinations of cultivars)
Seed age (year of crossing)	‘Sokolica’ × ‘Sokolica’	‘Sokolica’ × ‘Willamette’	‘Sokolica’ × ‘Veten’	‘Canby’ × ‘Sokolica’	‘Glen Ample’ × ‘Willamette’	Average for years
4 years (2015)	3.0 a^*	17.0 b–d	7.5 ab	25.0 c–f	17.5 b–d	14.0 a
3 years (2016)	50.5 i	49.0 hi	9.0 ab	27.5 c–g	8.0 ab	28.8 b
2 years (2017)	42.0 f–i	51.0 i	50.0 i	19.5 b–e	13.0 bc	35.1 c
1 year (2018)	39.5 f–i	72.5 j	45.0 g–i	36.0 e–i	31.5 d–h	44.9 d
Average for combination	33.8 b	47.4 c	27.9 b	27.0 b	17.5 a

Publication timeframe:: 2 times per year
Journal Subjects:: Life Sciences, Biotechnology, Plant Science, Ecology, Life Sciences, other