<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<sec><h3>Introduction</h3>
<p>Sweet syndrome, also called acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a rare disorder characterized by skin lesions accompanied by high fever and elevated inflammatory markers.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Case Presentation</h3>
<p>In January 2023, a 73-year-old Caucasian male was diagnosed with acute myeloblastic leukemia and subsequently chemotherapy with azacitidine and venetoclax was initiated. One week after the second round of chemotherapy with azacitidine, the patient developed a fever of 39˚C. Physical examination revealed purple plaques on the skin of the head, neck, and arms associated with pain but not itching. Initially, the plaques appeared at the site of the subcutaneous azacitidine injection (left upper extremity) and then began to spread. The infectious diseases consultation established the diagnosis of multiple abscesses. Antibiotic therapy was initiated with meropenemum and linezolidum, and later colistin was associated, but the skin lesions and the patient’s condition worsened. A dermatology consultation was performed, which established the diagnosis of Sweet syndrome, and subsequently corticosteroid therapy was started. The skin lesions started to improve after 3 days.</p>
</sec>
<sec><h3>Conclusions</h3>
<p>Sweet syndrome is a rare condition that is difficult to diagnose because of the wide spectrum of differential diagnoses.</p>
</sec>
</abstract>

Introduction
Sweet syndrome, also called acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a rare disorder characterized by skin lesions accompanied by high fever and elevated inflammatory markers.

Case Presentation
In January 2023, a 73-year-old Caucasian male was diagnosed with acute myeloblastic leukemia and subsequently chemotherapy with azacitidine and venetoclax was initiated. One week after the second round of chemotherapy with azacitidine, the patient developed a fever of 39˚C. Physical examination revealed purple plaques on the skin of the head, neck, and arms associated with pain but not itching. Initially, the plaques appeared at the site of the subcutaneous azacitidine injection (left upper extremity) and then began to spread. The infectious diseases consultation established the diagnosis of multiple abscesses. Antibiotic therapy was initiated with meropenemum and linezolidum, and later colistin was associated, but the skin lesions and the patient’s condition worsened. A dermatology consultation was performed, which established the diagnosis of Sweet syndrome, and subsequently corticosteroid therapy was started. The skin lesions started to improve after 3 days.

Conclusions
Sweet syndrome is a rare condition that is difficult to diagnose because of the wide spectrum of differential diagnoses.

Sweet Syndrome in a Patient with Acute Leukemia on Azacitidine and Venetoclax Treatment

“George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology

Journal of Interdisciplinary Medicine

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Introduction
Sweet syndrome, also called acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a rare disorder characterized by skin lesions accompanied by high fever and...

Sweet Syndrome in a Patient with Acute Leukemia on Azacitidine and Venetoclax Treatment

Published Online: Sep 21, 2023

Page range: 60 - 64

Received: Jun 17, 2023

Accepted: Aug 08, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jim-2023-0011

Keywords
Sweet syndrome, acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, acute myeloblastic leukemia, azacitidine

© 2023 Maria Gabriela Rezmuves et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Sweet Syndrome in a Patient with Acute Leukemia on Azacitidine and Venetoclax Treatment

Published Online: Sep 21, 2023

Page range: 60 - 64

Received: Jun 17, 2023

Accepted: Aug 08, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jim-2023-0011

KeywordsSweet syndrome, acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, acute myeloblastic leukemia, azacitidine

© 2023 Maria Gabriela Rezmuves et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
Sweet syndrome, acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, acute myeloblastic leukemia, azacitidine