<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Current vehicles are increasingly dependent on Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that control virtually every system of the vehicle. To enable advanced features automotive embedded systems are opening to external world, which raises security concerns. At the same time these innovative systems require more complex software and higher bandwidth for information exchange. Thanks to its bandwidth, payload size, and openness, Ethernet is a candidate technology for future in-vehicle architectures. This paper deals with design of a novel approach to secure In-vehicle Systems by taking advantage of Ethernet/IP technology and proven security mechanisms from TCP/IP model. Main goal is to design an efficient solution that meets requirements for latency without requiring high amounts of processing power and provides secure exchange of control messages. The work is mainly focused on the widespread Controller Area Network (CAN). The presented solution is based on encapsulation of CAN frames into UDP datagrams with added authenticity, integrity, and (if required) confidentiality of communication using IPsec protocol in transport mode. This creates a “secure tunnel across backbone Ethernet network in a vehicle. Next part of the paper presents extensive tests in simulation that are based on our previous experiments on hardware, in order to evaluate the characteristics of the designed security extension. The results indicate that using IPsec is a viable solution for securing in-vehicle communications.</p>
</abstract>

Current vehicles are increasingly dependent on Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that control virtually every system of the vehicle. To enable advanced features automotive embedded systems are opening to external world, which raises security concerns. At the same time these innovative systems require more complex software and higher bandwidth for information exchange. Thanks to its bandwidth, payload size, and openness, Ethernet is a candidate technology for future in-vehicle architectures. This paper deals with design of a novel approach to secure In-vehicle Systems by taking advantage of Ethernet/IP technology and proven security mechanisms from TCP/IP model. Main goal is to design an efficient solution that meets requirements for latency without requiring high amounts of processing power and provides secure exchange of control messages. The work is mainly focused on the widespread Controller Area Network (CAN). The presented solution is based on encapsulation of CAN frames into UDP datagrams with added authenticity, integrity, and (if required) confidentiality of communication using IPsec protocol in transport mode. This creates a “secure tunnel across backbone Ethernet network in a vehicle. Next part of the paper presents extensive tests in simulation that are based on our previous experiments on hardware, in order to evaluate the characteristics of the designed security extension. The results indicate that using IPsec is a viable solution for securing in-vehicle communications.

A study of securing in-vehicle communication using IPSEC protocol

Journal of Electrical Engineering

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"A study of securing in-vehicle communication using IPSEC protocol"}

Current vehicles are increasingly dependent on Electronic Control Units (ECUs) that control virtually every system of the vehicle. To enable advanced features...

A study of securing in-vehicle communication using IPSEC protocol

Published Online: May 12, 2021

Page range: 89 - 98

Received: Feb 15, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jee-2021-0012

Keywords
controller area network, automotive ethernet, TCP/IP, communication security, IPsec

© 2021 Jan Lastinec et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

A study of securing in-vehicle communication using IPSEC protocol

Published Online: May 12, 2021

Page range: 89 - 98

Received: Feb 15, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/jee-2021-0012

Keywordscontroller area network, automotive ethernet, TCP/IP, communication security, IPsec

© 2021 Jan Lastinec et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
controller area network, automotive ethernet, TCP/IP, communication security, IPsec