Open Access

Influence of the COVID-19 pandemic on the transition of people on the Polish labor market – hidden threats


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Figure 1.

Number of those employed, unemployed, and professionally inactive in Poland in the years 2010–2021 (aged 15–89 years; in thousands).
Source: Own calculations based on GUS: https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/rynek-pracy/pracujacy-bezrobotni-bierni-zawodowo-wg-bael/aktywnosc-ekonomiczna-ludnosci-polski-i-kwartal-2021-roku,4,41.html (Last accessed: August 20, 2022).
Number of those employed, unemployed, and professionally inactive in Poland in the years 2010–2021 (aged 15–89 years; in thousands). Source: Own calculations based on GUS: https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/rynek-pracy/pracujacy-bezrobotni-bierni-zawodowo-wg-bael/aktywnosc-ekonomiczna-ludnosci-polski-i-kwartal-2021-roku,4,41.html (Last accessed: August 20, 2022).

Figure 2.

Structure of the workforce in Poland in quarter 3 of 2010 and in quarter 3 of 2021 (in %).
Source: Own calculations based on GUS: https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/rynek-pracy/pracujacy-bezrobotni-bierni-zawodowo-wg-bael/aktywnosc-ekonomiczna-ludnosci-polski-3-kwartal-2021-roku,4,43.html (Last accessed: July 20, 2022).
Structure of the workforce in Poland in quarter 3 of 2010 and in quarter 3 of 2021 (in %). Source: Own calculations based on GUS: https://stat.gov.pl/obszary-tematyczne/rynek-pracy/pracujacy-bezrobotni-bierni-zawodowo-wg-bael/aktywnosc-ekonomiczna-ludnosci-polski-3-kwartal-2021-roku,4,43.html (Last accessed: July 20, 2022).

Figure 3.

Labor market transitions in Poland – quarterly data 2019Q1–2019Q2 (1,000 persons, population aged 15–74).
Source: Own study, based on Eurostat data: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20210112-1
Labor market transitions in Poland – quarterly data 2019Q1–2019Q2 (1,000 persons, population aged 15–74). Source: Own study, based on Eurostat data: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20210112-1

Figure 4.

Labor market transitions in Poland – quarterly data 2020Q1-2020Q2 (1,000 persons, population aged 15–74).
Source: Own study, based on Eurostat data: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20210112-1
Labor market transitions in Poland – quarterly data 2020Q1-2020Q2 (1,000 persons, population aged 15–74). Source: Own study, based on Eurostat data: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/en/web/products-eurostat-news/-/ddn-20210112-1

Transitions in labor market status in Poland, 2019Q1–2019Q2, 2020Q1–2020Q2 (population aged 15–74 years; as a percentage of initial status)

  Employment 2019Q2 Unemployment 2019Q2 Inactivity 2019Q2
  Total (%)
Employment 2019Q1 98.9 0.3 0.8
Unemployment 2019Q1 20.7 53.7 25.6
Inactivity 2019Q1 1.5 1.6 96.9
  Males
Employment 2019Q1 99.0 0.4 0.6
Unemployment 2019Q1 18.6 61.1 20.3
Inactivity 2019Q1 1.7 2.0 96.3
  Females
Employment 2019Q1 98.7 0.3 1.0
Unemployment 2019Q1 22.8 46.7 30.5
Inactivity 2019Q1 1.3 1.4 97.3
  Employment 2020Q2 Unemployment 2020Q2 Inactivity 2020Q2
  Total (%)
Employment 2020Q1 96.8 1.0 2.2
Unemployment 2020Q1 20.0 47.1 32.9
Inactivity 2020Q1 1.6 1.4 97.0
  Males
Employment 2020Q1 97.2 1.2 1.6
Unemployment 2020Q1 22.3 48.1 29.6
Inactivity 2020Q1 2.0 2.0 96.0
  Females
Employment 2020Q1 96.3 0.9 2.8
Unemployment 2020Q1 17.1 46.0 36.9
Inactivity 2020Q1 1.3 1.1 97.6