<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>DNS provides name resolution services for Internet applications and is an important infrastructure of the Internet. The domain name system is the core infrastructure of the Internet, which is responsible for the composition of irregular digital sequences Internet protocol address (IP) and highly readable domain names are converted to each other, which is an important prerequisite for maintaining the normal operation of the Internet. The domain name system provides domain name to IP address translation. DNS system was designed to run in a trusted environment at the beginning, but now the complex Internet environment makes the vulnerability of DNS protocol appear.</p>
<p>This paper briefly describes the current situation of the Internet and the domain name system. By analyzing the current situation of the domain name system, the structure of the IPv6 domain name system and the development of DNS related technologies, it concludes that DNS Security issues are not limited to “vulnerability” or “harassment”, but have a clear strategic and systematic nature, and have become one of the focuses of unprecedented struggle and competition, that is, “whoever controls DNS will own the Internet”. At the same time, this paper also summarizes the latest research achievements in DNS protocol design and system implementation, and prospects the possible hot research directions in the future.</p>
</abstract>

DNS provides name resolution services for Internet applications and is an important infrastructure of the Internet. The domain name system is the core infrastructure of the Internet, which is responsible for the composition of irregular digital sequences Internet protocol address (IP) and highly readable domain names are converted to each other, which is an important prerequisite for maintaining the normal operation of the Internet. The domain name system provides domain name to IP address translation. DNS system was designed to run in a trusted environment at the beginning, but now the complex Internet environment makes the vulnerability of DNS protocol appear.
This paper briefly describes the current situation of the Internet and the domain name system. By analyzing the current situation of the domain name system, the structure of the IPv6 domain name system and the development of DNS related technologies, it concludes that DNS Security issues are not limited to “vulnerability” or “harassment”, but have a clear strategic and systematic nature, and have become one of the focuses of unprecedented struggle and competition, that is, “whoever controls DNS will own the Internet”. At the same time, this paper also summarizes the latest research achievements in DNS protocol design and system implementation, and prospects the possible hot research directions in the future.

DNS is the Internet Pivotal Basics and Fundamental

Director of International Strategic Research Center of CMCA

National Conditions Deputy Director of Development Strategic Security Research Center

International Journal of Advanced Network, Monitoring and Controls

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"DNS is the Internet Pivotal Basics and Fundamental"}

DNS provides name resolution services for Internet applications and is an important infrastructure of the Internet. The domain name system is the core...

Root domain name system (As of November 18, 2021)	Chinese Mainland (22 nodes)	Hong Kong (11 nodes)	Taipei (7 nodes)
A (Verisign)	-	1	-
E (NASA)	-	2	1
F (ISC)	BeiJing:1HangZhou:1ChongQing:1XiNing:1	3	2
H (Army Research Laboratory, ARL)	-	1	-
I (Netnod, Switzerland)	BeiJing:1	1	1
J (Verisign)	BeiJing:1HangZhou:1	3	-
K (RIPE NCC, Netherlands)	BeiJing:1GuangZhou:1GuiYang:1	-	1
L (ICAN N)	BeiJing:1WuHan:1ZhengZhou:1XiNing:1HaiKou:1ShangHai:1	-	2

TLD type of top-level domain name	Abbreviation	Current quantity
Common top-level domain name	gTLD	3
New generic top-level domain name	ngTLD	1,240
Country / region code top level domain name	ccTLD	316
Qualified generic top-level domain name	grTLD	3
Infrastructure top level domain name	(arpa)	1
Private top-level domain name	sTLD	14
Test top level domain name	tTLD	11
Total	-	1,588

Country (and Region)	DNSSEC Average validation rate
India	59.60%
Russia	52.23%
America	38.78%
China(mainland)	0.93%
(Hong Kong)	57.25%
(Taiwan)	6.41%
(Macao)	5.23%

Category of RFC	Number of RFCs	Where the number of RFCs associated with or related to DNS
			Standard	122	5
			Proposed Standard	3,819	142
Best Current Practice	301	25
Informational	2,791	87
Experimental	522	29
Historic	331	10
Uncategorized	887	1
Total	8,773	299

DNS is the Internet Pivotal Basics and Fundamental

Published Online: May 26, 2023

Page range: 11 - 23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijanmc-2022-0012

Keywords
DNS, Internet, Domain Name Resolution, IPV6

© 2022 Chengjin Mou, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Distribution of nodes of 13 root domain name servers in China

Type and quantity of top-level domain names

Average validation rate of DNSSEC in the world

RFC category, quantity and DNS related quantity

DNS is the Internet Pivotal Basics and Fundamental

Published Online: May 26, 2023

Page range: 11 - 23

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ijanmc-2022-0012

KeywordsDNS, Internet, Domain Name Resolution, IPV6

© 2022 Chengjin Mou, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Figure 2.

Distribution of nodes of 13 root domain name servers in China

Type and quantity of top-level domain names

Average validation rate of DNSSEC in the world

RFC category, quantity and DNS related quantity

Keywords
DNS, Internet, Domain Name Resolution, IPV6