Open Access

The International Criminal Court: Whether the Crime of Aggression in Ukraine

   | Oct 13, 2023
International and Comparative Law Review's Cover Image
International and Comparative Law Review
International Law and the Russian Invasion of Ukraine

Cite

AKANDE, Dapo. The ICC Assembly of States Parties Prepares to Activate the ICC’s Jurisdiction over the Crime of Aggression: But Who will be Covered by that Jurisdiction. EJIL: Talk! 26 June 2017. Search in Google Scholar

AKANDE, Dapo. The International Criminal Court Gets Jurisdiction Over the Crime of Aggression. EJIL: Talk! 15 December 2017. Search in Google Scholar

BARRIGA, Stefan and GROVER, Leena. A Historic Breakthrough on the Crime of Aggression. American Journal of International Law, 2011, vol. 105, no. 3, pp. 517–533. Search in Google Scholar

CARSWELL, Andrew. Unblocking the UN Security Council: The Uniting for Peace Resolution. Journal of Conflict and Security Law, 2013, vol. 18 no. 3, pp. 453–480. Search in Google Scholar

CASSESE, Antonio. On the Current Trends Towards Criminal Prosecution and Punishment of Breaches of International Humanitarian Law. European Journal of International Law, 1998, vol. 9, pp. 2–17. Search in Google Scholar

FERENCZ, Benjamin. ‘I am Heartbroken’ Interview with the Last Surviving Nuremberg Prosecutor on War in Ukraine. [online]. Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6UBlHLVIgeI> Accessed: 10 May 2022. Search in Google Scholar

GOUNDEN, Vasu. The Politicisation of the International Criminal Court by the United Nations Security Council Referrals. [online]. Available at: <https://www.accord.org.za/conflict-trends/politicisation-international-criminal-court-united-nations-security-council-referrals/> Accessed: 20 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

IMOEDEMHE, Ovo. The Complementarity Regime of the International Criminal Court: National Implementation in Africa. Springer, 2017, pp. 1. Search in Google Scholar

KEMP, Gerhard. Individual Criminal Liability for the International Crime of Aggression. Intersentia, 2017, pp. 191–256. Search in Google Scholar

KREß, Claus. On the Activation of the ICC Jurisdiction over the Crime of Aggression. Journal of International Criminal Justice, 2018, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–17. Search in Google Scholar

MCDOUGALL, Corrie. The Crime of Aggression under the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court: An Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2021, pp. 1–42. Search in Google Scholar

MORRIS, Sophie. Ukraine Invasion: Former Prime Minister Gordon Brown Calls for Special Tribunal to Punish Vladimir Putin for Russian Aggression. [online]. Available at: <https://news.sky.com/story/ukraine-invasion-former-prime-minister-gordon-brown-calls-for-special-tribunal-to-punish-vladimir-putin-for-russian-aggression-12557197> Accessed: 30 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

NOUWEN, Sarah, WERNER, Wouter. Doing Justice to the Political: The International Criminal Court in Uganda and Sudan. European Journal of International Law, 2010, pp. 941. Search in Google Scholar

RAMSDEN, Michael. Uniting for Peace: The Emergency Special Session on Ukraine. [online]. Available at <https://harvardilj.org/2022/04/uniting-for-peace-the-emergency-special-session-on-ukraine/> Accessed: 30 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

SANDS, Philippe. Putin’s Use of Military Force is a Crime of Aggression. [online]. Available at: <https://www.ft.com/content/cbbdd146-4e36-42fb-95e1-50128506652c> Accessed: 30 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

SMITH, Patrick. Interview: Luis Moreno-Ocampo, ICC Prosecutor. [online]. Available at: <https://www.theafricareport.com/9342/interview-luis-moreno-ocampo-icc-prosecutor/> Accessed: 17 June 2022). Search in Google Scholar

TRAHAN, Jennifer. Activation of the International Criminal Court’s Jurisdiction Over the Crime of Aggression & Challenges Ahead. [online]. Available at: <http://opiniojuris.org/2018/07/18/33604/>. Search in Google Scholar

TRAHAN, Jennifer. Revisiting the History of the Crime of Aggression in Light of Russia’s Invasion of Ukraine. American Society of International Law Insights, 2022, vol. 26, no. 2. Available at: <https://www.asil.org/insights/volume/26/issue/2#_edn10>. Search in Google Scholar

TRAHAN, Jennifer. The Rome Statute’s Amendment on the Crime of Aggression: Negotiations at the Kampala Review Conference. [online]. Available at: <http://www.derechos.org/nizkor/aggression/doc/jtrahan1.html> Accessed: 20 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

UDOMBANA, Nsongurua. Can these Dry Bones Live? In Search of a Lasting Therapy for AU and ICC Toxic Relationship. African Journal of International Criminal Justice, 2014, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 57. Search in Google Scholar

WOLFSON, Sam. ‘It’s a Slam Dunk’: Philippe Sands on the Case Against Putin for the Crime of Aggression. [online]. Available at: <https://www.theguardian.com/law/2022/mar/30/vladimir-putin-ukraine-crime-aggression-philippe-sands> Accessed: 30 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

‘Judgement in the Jordan Referral re Al-Bashir Appeal 06 May 2019’ The Prosecutor v Omar Hassan Ahmad Al-Bashir. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/court-record/icc-02/05-01/09-397-0> Accessed: 1 November 2022. Search in Google Scholar

‘Situation in Darfur Sudan The Prosecutor v. Omar Hassan Ahmad Al Bashir ICC-02/05-01/09’. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/CaseInformation-Sheets/AlBashirEng.pdf Accessed: 30 October 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Calling for the Creation of a Special Tribunal for the Punishment of the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine. [online]. Available at: <https://gordonandsarahbrown.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Combined-Statement-and-Declaration.pdf> Accessed: 30 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Draft Code of Crimes Against the Peace and Security of Mankind. Adopted by the International Law Commission at its Forty-Eight Session. 1996. Available at: <https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/draft_articles/7_4_1996.pdf> Accessed 6 November 2022. Search in Google Scholar

ICC, ‘Ukraine, Situation in Ukraine ICC-01/22 Investigation’. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/ukraine> Accessed: 20 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

ICC. Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: “I have decided to proceed with opening an investigation”. 28 February 2022. [online]. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-aa-khan-qc-situation-ukraine-i-have-decided-proceed-opening> Accessed 10 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

ICC. Statement of ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: Receipt of Referrals from 39 States Parties and the Opening of an Investigation. [online]. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-aakhan-qc-situation-ukraine-receipt-referrals-39-states> Accessed: 20 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

ICC. Statement of the ICC Prosecutor, Karim A.A. Khan QC, on the Situation in Ukraine: “I have decided to proceed with opening an investigation” 28 February 2022. [online]. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/news/statement-icc-prosecutor-karim-aa-khanqc-situation-ukraine-i-have-decided-proceed-opening> Accessed: 20 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

ICC-ASP/16/Res.5 Resolution on the Activation of the Jurisdiction of the Court over the Crime of Aggression. 14 December 2017. Available at: <https://asp.icc-cpi.int/sites/asp/files/asp_docs/Resolutions/ASP16/ICC-ASP-16-Res5-ENG.pdf> Accessed 6 November 2022. Search in Google Scholar

International Criminal Court. Crime of Aggression – Amendments Ratification 28/02/2019. [online]. Available at: <https://asp.icc-cpi.int/crime-of-aggression>. Search in Google Scholar

International Criminal Court. Ukraine, ‘Situation in Ukraine ICC-01/22 Investigation’. [online]. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/ukraine>. Search in Google Scholar

International Military Tribunal (Nuremberg) Judgement of 1 October 1946. Available at: <https://crimeofaggression.info/documents/6/1946_Nuremberg_Judgement.pdf> Accessed: 16 June 2022, pp. 55 (Hereinafter ‘Nuremberg Judgment 1946’). Search in Google Scholar

Judgment 14 October 1946. Available at: <www.loc.gov/frd/Military_Law/NT_major-war-criminals-html> Accessed: 20 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Letter by Minister for Foreign Affairs of Ukraine to the ICC Registrar Mr Herman von Hebel, On the Resolution/Declaration of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine 4 February 2015. [online]. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/iccdocs/other/Ukraine_Art_12-3_declaration_08092015.pdf#search=Ukraine> Accessed: 20 June 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Luis Moreno-Ocampo, first Chief Prosecutor of the ICC, Keynote address on the International Criminal Court to the Council on Foreign Relations’ Washington DC 4 December 2010. Search in Google Scholar

Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation. Statement of the Russian Foreign Ministry. 16 November 2016. [online]. Available at: <http://publication.pravo.gov.ru/Document/View/0001201611160018> Accessed 06 November 2022. Search in Google Scholar

Prosecutor v Charles Taylor Case NO SCSL-2003-01-1, Decision on Immunity from Jurisdiction Special Court for Sierra Leone 31 March 2005. Search in Google Scholar

Prosecutor v Jean Kambanda (ICTR 97-23-A). Search in Google Scholar

Prosecutor v Slobodan Milosevic (IT-02-54). Search in Google Scholar

Report on Preliminary Examination Activities (2016). 14 November 2016. [online]. Available at: <https://www.icc-cpi.int/sites/default/files/iccdocs/otp/161114-otp-rep-PE_ENG.pdf> Accessed 06 November 2022, pp. 35–44. Search in Google Scholar

Robert Jackson Centre. Opening Statement before the International Military Tribunal 21 November 1945, Palace of Justice Nuremberg, Germany. [online]. Available at: <https://www.roberthjackson.org/speech-and-writing/opening-statement-before-the-international-military-tribunal/> Accessed: 27 April 2022. Search in Google Scholar

THE ECONOMIST. What did Ukraine’s Revolution in 2014 Achieve? [online]. Available at: <https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2022/02/16/what-didukraines-revolution-in-2014-achieve> Accessed: 2 November 2022. Search in Google Scholar

THE GUARDIAN. Russia Withdraws Signature from International Criminal Court Statute. [online]. Available at: <https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/nov/16/russia-withdraws-signature-from-international-criminal-court-statute> Accessed 06 November 2022. Search in Google Scholar

The ICC. Crime of Aggression – Amendments Ratification 28/02/2019. [online]. Available at: <https://asp.icc-cpi.int/crime-of-aggression>. Search in Google Scholar

The Nuremberg and Tokyo Military Tribunals were the first international criminal tribunals in the 1940s. See Nuremberg Judgment 1946. Search in Google Scholar

The Office of Gordon and Sarah Brown. Press Release: ‘Calling for the Creation of a Special Tribunal for the Punishment of the Crime of Aggression against Ukraine’ 4 March 2022. [online]. Available at: <https://gordonandsarahbrown.com/2022/03/calling-for-the-creation-of-a-special-tribunal-for-the-punishment-of-the-crime-of-aggression-against-ukraine/ Accessed: 30 July 2022. Search in Google Scholar

The Prosecutor v Uhuru Kenyatta ‘Dark Day for Justice…’ Available at: <https://news.un.org/en/story/2014/12/485552> Accessed: 30 October 2022. Search in Google Scholar

United Nations, Charter of the International Military Tribunal – Annex to the Agreement for the prosecution and punishment of the major war criminals of the European Axis (“London Agreement”). 8 August 1945. Available at: <https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6b39614.html> Accessed 16 June 2022 (hereinafter ‘Nuremberg Charter 1945’). Search in Google Scholar

eISSN:
2464-6601
Language:
English