<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Oxyuriasis, caused by the nematode <italic>Enterobius vermicularis,</italic> is one of the cosmopolitan intestinal infections of humans. <italic>Aspiculuris tetraptera</italic> commonly infects mice and it is morphologically similar to <italic>E. vermicularis</italic>. Parasitic resistance reduces the efficiency of synthetic drugs and poses economic impacts on the dairy sector, thus necessitating novel anthelmintic agents. <italic>Olea europaea</italic> L. (Olive) is a bioactive plant with potent pharmacological activities. However, its effects on oxyurids are poorly known, and no studies are currently exploring olives’ anthelmintic potential. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic behaviors of <italic>O. europaea</italic> leaves extract (OLE) and its phenolic compound oleuropein in mice infected with <italic>A. tetraptera</italic>, in comparison with Albendazole (ABZ), a standard drug used to treat parasitic worms. Fecal flotation method was used to identify the infestation with <italic>A. tetraptera</italic> eggs by examining the stool samples from mice. Infected animals were divided into 7 groups. 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg doses of OLE, 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses of oleuropein, 10 mg/kg of ABZ and tap water were orally administered by gavage for 7 days during treatments. Drug efficacies and statistical differences between the treatments and controls were evaluated. Our results revealed 92.43 % efficacy of ABZ, similar to 92.19 % efficacy of 1000 mg/kg of OLE. At the same time, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg concentrations of OLE remained 70.03 % and 63.18 % effective in reducing worm counts. Efficacy percentages of 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg of oleuropein were 9.27 % and 70.56 %, respectively. Statistical analysis of ABZ was significant compared to 1000 mg/kg of OLE, which was almost equal but insignificant. In general, our results confirm the anthelmintic potential of OLE and oleuropein against mice pinworms and open the way for targeted extraction of bioactive compounds from plants to optimize its use in human and veterinary medicine.</p>
</abstract>

Oxyuriasis, caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis, is one of the cosmopolitan intestinal infections of humans. Aspiculuris tetraptera commonly infects mice and it is morphologically similar to E. vermicularis. Parasitic resistance reduces the efficiency of synthetic drugs and poses economic impacts on the dairy sector, thus necessitating novel anthelmintic agents. Olea europaea L. (Olive) is a bioactive plant with potent pharmacological activities. However, its effects on oxyurids are poorly known, and no studies are currently exploring olives’ anthelmintic potential. In this study, we investigated the pharmacokinetic behaviors of O. europaea leaves extract (OLE) and its phenolic compound oleuropein in mice infected with A. tetraptera, in comparison with Albendazole (ABZ), a standard drug used to treat parasitic worms. Fecal flotation method was used to identify the infestation with A. tetraptera eggs by examining the stool samples from mice. Infected animals were divided into 7 groups. 250 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg doses of OLE, 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg doses of oleuropein, 10 mg/kg of ABZ and tap water were orally administered by gavage for 7 days during treatments. Drug efficacies and statistical differences between the treatments and controls were evaluated. Our results revealed 92.43 % efficacy of ABZ, similar to 92.19 % efficacy of 1000 mg/kg of OLE. At the same time, 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg concentrations of OLE remained 70.03 % and 63.18 % effective in reducing worm counts. Efficacy percentages of 5 mg/kg and 20 mg/kg of oleuropein were 9.27 % and 70.56 %, respectively. Statistical analysis of ABZ was significant compared to 1000 mg/kg of OLE, which was almost equal but insignificant. In general, our results confirm the anthelmintic potential of OLE and oleuropein against mice pinworms and open the way for targeted extraction of bioactive compounds from plants to optimize its use in human and veterinary medicine.

Exploring the anthelmintic activity of <italic>Olea europaea</italic> L (Olive) leaves extract and oleuropein in mice naturally infected with <italic>Aspiculuris tetraptera</italic>

Faculty of Science and Literature, Department of Biology

Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Department of Parasitology

Helminthologia

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Exploring the anthelmintic activity of  L (Olive) leaves extract and oleuropein in mice naturally infected with 

Oxyuriasis, caused by the nematode Enterobius vermicularis, is one of the cosmopolitan intestinal infections of humans. Aspiculuris tetraptera commonly infects...

Groups	The number of animals autopsied post-treatment (n)	The number of minimum and maximum A. tetraptera collected in necropsy (Min.-Max.)	Mean ± SEM	Median	Q1	Q3	Efficacy (%)
Olea europaea 250 mg/kg	11/13	0 – 1055	146.2 ± 92.9	48	1	115	70.03
Olea europaea 500 mg/kg	6/13	1 – 863	329 ± 153	258	2	661	63.18
Olea europaea 1000 mg/kg	6/13	0 – 365	69.8 ± 59.3	9	0	365	92.19
Oleuropein 5 mg/kg	13/13	2 – 959	374.5 ± 88.7	286	92.5	665.5	9.27
Oleuropein 20 mg/kg	11/13	1 – 397	143.6 ± 45.5	56	19	299	70.56
Tap Water (control group)	10/13	0 – 1661	537 ± 180	381	35	950	0
Albendazole 10 mg/kg	13/13	0 – 153	31.2 ± 12.9	4	0	58	92.43

Control groups	Efficacy Percentage (%)

	Parasite species	Oleuropein 5 mg/kg	Oleuropein 20 mg/kg	Olea europaea 250 mg/kg	Olea europaea 500 mg/kg	Olea europaea 1000 mg/kg	Albendazole 10 mg/kg
Water (Control) Group	Syphacia spp.	−83.70	−218.84	−413.73	−531.30	−110.54	2.23

Exploring the anthelmintic activity of Olea europaea L (Olive) leaves extract and oleuropein in mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera

Article Category: Research Note

Published Online: Dec 26, 2023

Page range: 240 - 245

Received: Oct 15, 2022

Accepted: Jun 22, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2023-0025

Keywords
Oleuropein, Anthelmintic effect, Olive leaves extract, Albendazole

© 2023 M. A. Kamran et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The number of A. tetraptera collected from autopsied animals in treatment and control groups and descriptive statistical data (n=13).

Efficacy percentages (%) of Olea europaea, Oleuropein, and Albendazole used in different concentrations against Syphacia spp. compared to the control group (water).

Exploring the anthelmintic activity of Olea europaea L (Olive) leaves extract and oleuropein in mice naturally infected with Aspiculuris tetraptera

Article Category: Research Note

Published Online: Dec 26, 2023

Page range: 240 - 245

Received: Oct 15, 2022

Accepted: Jun 22, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/helm-2023-0025

KeywordsOleuropein, Anthelmintic effect, Olive leaves extract, Albendazole

© 2023 M. A. Kamran et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The number of A. tetraptera collected from autopsied animals in treatment and control groups and descriptive statistical data (n=13).

Efficacy percentages (%) of Olea europaea, Oleuropein, and Albendazole used in different concentrations against Syphacia spp. compared to the control group (water).

Keywords
Oleuropein, Anthelmintic effect, Olive leaves extract, Albendazole