<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>The aim of this study was to determine the hemodynamic and neuroendocrinological responses to different levels and protocols of artificial gravity, especially in comparison to what is expected during a moderate bout of exercise. Ten male participants were exposed to artificial gravity using two different protocols: the first was a centrifugation protocol that consisted of a constant phase of 2 Gz for 30 minutes, and the second consisted of an intermittent phase of 2 Gz for two minutes, separated by resting periods for three minutes in successive order. Near infrared spectroscopy (oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) at the prefrontal cortex, <italic>Musculus biceps brachii</italic>, and <italic>Musculus</italic> g<italic>astrocnemius</italic>, as well as heart rate and blood pressure were recorded before, during, and after exposure to artificial gravity. In order to determine effects of artificial gravity on neuroendocrinological parameters (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor 1), blood samples were taken before and after centrifugation. During the application of artificial gravity the concentration of oxyhemoglobin decreased significantly and the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin increased significantly in the prefrontal cortex and the <italic>Musculus biceps brachii</italic> muscle. Participants exposed to the continuous artificial gravity profile experienced peripheral pooling of blood. No changes were observed for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, or insulin-like growth factor 1. Intermittent application of artificial gravity may represent a better-tolerated presentation for participants as hemodynamic values normalize during resting periods. During both protocols, heart rate and arterial blood pressure remained far below what is experienced during moderate physical activity.</p></abstract>

The aim of this study was to determine the hemodynamic and neuroendocrinological responses to different levels and protocols of artificial gravity, especially in comparison to what is expected during a moderate bout of exercise. Ten male participants were exposed to artificial gravity using two different protocols: the first was a centrifugation protocol that consisted of a constant phase of 2 Gz for 30 minutes, and the second consisted of an intermittent phase of 2 Gz for two minutes, separated by resting periods for three minutes in successive order. Near infrared spectroscopy (oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin) at the prefrontal cortex, Musculus biceps brachii, and Musculus gastrocnemius, as well as heart rate and blood pressure were recorded before, during, and after exposure to artificial gravity. In order to determine effects of artificial gravity on neuroendocrinological parameters (brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and insulin-like growth factor 1), blood samples were taken before and after centrifugation. During the application of artificial gravity the concentration of oxyhemoglobin decreased significantly and the concentration of deoxyhemoglobin increased significantly in the prefrontal cortex and the Musculus biceps brachii muscle. Participants exposed to the continuous artificial gravity profile experienced peripheral pooling of blood. No changes were observed for brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, or insulin-like growth factor 1. Intermittent application of artificial gravity may represent a better-tolerated presentation for participants as hemodynamic values normalize during resting periods. During both protocols, heart rate and arterial blood pressure remained far below what is experienced during moderate physical activity.

Hemodynamic and Neuroendocrinological Responses to Artificial Gravity

Centre for Health and Integrative Physiology in Space

Faculty of Science, Health, Education and Engineering

Offshore Safety and Survival Centre, Marine Institute

Gravitational and Space Research

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"Hemodynamic and Neuroendocrinological Responses to Artificial Gravity"}

The aim of this study was to determine the hemodynamic and neuroendocrinological responses to different levels and protocols of artificial gravity, especially...

	AG constant [pg/ml]		AG intermittent [pg/ml]
	Pre	Post	Pre	Post
BDNFn=11	12212,66±8716,77	10028,43±10637,02	9912,01±10748,13	12195,94±11949,15
IGF-1n=10	139,31±68,64	144,48±74,03	137,99±60,75	143,53±69,55
VEGFn=10	174,77±146,25	159,61±169,65	186,29±166,47	180,22±181,45

Hemodynamic and Neuroendocrinological Responses to Artificial Gravity

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Jul 21, 2020

Page range: 80 - 88

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2017-0012

Keywords
Exercise Countermeasure, NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy), Hemodynamics, Neuroendocrinology, Artificial Gravity, Spaceflight

© 2017 Stefan Schneider et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) values pre and post interventions.

Hemodynamic and Neuroendocrinological Responses to Artificial Gravity

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Jul 21, 2020

Page range: 80 - 88

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/gsr-2017-0012

KeywordsExercise Countermeasure, NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy), Hemodynamics, Neuroendocrinology, Artificial Gravity, Spaceflight

© 2017 Stefan Schneider et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), insulin-like growth factor 1(IGF-1), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) values pre and post interventions.

Keywords
Exercise Countermeasure, NIRS (Near Infrared Spectroscopy), Hemodynamics, Neuroendocrinology, Artificial Gravity, Spaceflight