Latent variables | Indicators | Loadings | SMC | CR | AVE |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attitude | ATT1 | 0.908 | 0.824 | 0.802 | 0.82 |
ATT2 | 0.902 | 0.814 | |||
ATT3 | 0.907 | 0.823 | |||
ATT4 | 0.905 | 0.819 | |||
Subjective norms | SN1 | 0.881 | 0.776 | 0.827 | 0.786 |
SN2 | 0.889 | 0.79 | |||
SN3 | 0.898 | 0.806 | |||
SN4 | 0.878 | 0.771 | |||
PBC | PBC1 | 0.884 | 0.781 | 0.835 | 0.757 |
PBC2 | 0.838 | 0.702 | |||
PBC3 | 0.888 | 0.789 | |||
PBC4 | 0.936 | 0.876 | |||
Intention | INT1 | 0.936 | 0.876 | 0.863 | 0.875 |
INT2 | 0.935 | 0.874 | |||
INT3 | 0.921 | 0.848 | |||
Purchase behaviour | BEH1 | 0.925 | 0.856 | 0.851 | 0.85 |
BEH2 | 0.919 | 0.845 | |||
BEH3 | 0.908 | 0.824 |
Constructs | MEANS | SD | PBC | SN | ATT | INT | BEH |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PBC | 4.74 | 1.522 | 0.87 | ||||
Subjective norms | 4.68 | 1.540 | 0.741 | 0.886 | |||
Attitude | 4.92 | 1.435 | 0.755 | 0.775 | 0.905 | ||
Intention | 5.07 | 1.500 | 0.749 | 0.723 | 0.822 | 0.935 | |
Purchase behaviour | 4.80 | 1.534 | 0.785 | 0.661 | 0.713 | 0.794 | 0.921 |
Model | P | CMIN/DF | GFI | AGFI | RMSEA | CFI | Model fit Bias testing | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unconstrained | *** | 1.58 | 0.951 | 0.933 | 0.022 | 0.991 | Δ-CMIN | Δ-DF | P | Δ-GFI | Δ-AGFI | Δ-RMSEA | Δ-CFI |
Measurement weights | *** | 1.538 | 0.949 | 0.935 | 0.021 | 0.991 | 22.801 | 24 | 0.532 | -0.002 | 0.002 | -0.001 | 0 |
Structural weights | *** | 1.627 | 0.944 | 0.931 | 0.023 | 0.99 | 70.924 | 34 | *** | -0.007 | -0.002 | 0.001 | -0.001 |
Structural co-variances | *** | 2.417 | 0.925 | 0.909 | 0.034 | 0.976 | 390.017 | 46 | 4.909 | -0.026 | -0.024 | 0.012 | -0.015 |
Structural residuals | *** | 2.755 | 0.916 | 0.899 | 0.038 | 0.97 | 529.175 | 50 | 3.028 | -0.035 | -0.034 | 0.016 | -0.021 |
Measurement residuals | *** | 2.852 | 0.904 | 0.894 | 0.039 | 0.966 | 663.029 | 84 | 7.914 | -0.047 | -0.039 | 0.017 | -0.025 |
Constructs | Measurements | Item | Sources References |
---|---|---|---|
Attitude (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.947) | I consider that buying natural blue-dyed apparel goods is positive | ATT1 | [ |
I consider that buying natural blue-dyed apparel goods is beneficial | ATT2 | ||
I consider that buying natural blue-dyed apparel goods is worthwhile | ATT3 | ||
I consider that buying natural blue-dyed apparel goods is wise | ATT4 | ||
PBC (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.911) | I have the resources to buy natural blue-dyed apparel goods | PBC1 | |
I have the capacity to accept the premium from natural blue-dyed apparel goods | PBC2 | ||
Buying natural blue-dyed apparel is easy for me | PBC3 | ||
I have complete control over buying natural blue-dyed apparel | PBC4 | ||
Subjective norms (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.932) | I feel important people in my life want me to buy natural blue-dyed apparel | SN1 | |
The people who I listen to could influence me to buy natural blue-dyed apparel | SN2 | ||
The use of natural blue-dyed garments by my family and friends will also encourage me to buy natural blue-dyed garments on my own initiative | SN3 | ||
Intention (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.955) | I’m willing to buy natural blue-dyed apparel in the coming year | INT1 | [ |
If prices are not significantly different from others, I may purchase natural blue-dyed apparel | INT2 | ||
If quality is not significantly different from others, I may purchase natural blue-dyed apparel products | INT3 | ||
Behaviour (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.939) | I have bought natural blue-dyed apparel in previous years | BEH1 | |
I have bought natural blue-dyed apparel even paying more | BEH2 | ||
I have bought natural blue-dyed apparel and it has the same quality compared to other apparel | BEH3 |
Hypotheses | Variable relationship | Estimate | S.E. | CR | P | Result |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
H1 | ATT→INT | 0.585 | 0.053 | 10.970 | *** | Accepted |
H2 | SN→INT | 0.114 | 0.048 | 2.384 | 0.017 | Accepted |
H3 | PBC→INT | 0.267 | 0.047 | 5.696 | *** | Accepted |
H4 | PBC→BEH | 0.486 | 0.044 | 11.049 | *** | Accepted |
H5 | INT→BEH | 0.465 | 0.046 | 10.005 | *** | Accepted |
Hypothesis | Path | Estimate | P | Z-score | Results | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
JAP | CHI | JAP | CHI | ||||
H8a (JAP>CHI) | ATT→INT | 0.393 | 0.405 | *** | *** | 11.038 | Rejected |
H8b(CHI>JAP) | SN→INT | 0.27 | 0.071 | 0.008 | 0.284 | 2.375 | Rejected |
H8c (JAP>CHI) | PBC→INT | 0.303 | 0.187 | 0.007 | 0.004 | 5.681 | Accepted |
PBC→BEH | 0.505 | 0.35 | *** | *** | 11.045 | ||
/ | INT→BEH | 0.484 | 0.378 | *** | *** | 10.68 |
Hypotheses | Point estimate | Product of coefficients | Bootstrapping (95% CI) | Two-tailed significance | Result | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SE | Z | ||||||
H6(a) |
Total effects | 0.23 | 0.088 | 2.614 | 0.05–0.392 | 0.015 | Accepted |
Indirect effects | 0.213 | 0.052 | 4.096 | -0.175–0.176 | 0.001 | ||
Direct effects | 0.017 | 0.088 | 0.193 | -0.037–0.59 | 0.804 | ||
H6(b) |
Total effects | 0.033 | 0.08 | 0.413 | 0.183–0.494 | 0.232 | Rejected |
Indirect effects | 0.037 | 0.026 | 1.423 | -0.009–0.099 | 0.108 | ||
Direct effects | 0.096 | 0.07 | 1.371 | 0.172–0.444 | 0.102 | ||
H6(c) |
Total effects | 0.411 | 0.076 | 5.408 | 0.257–0.57 | 0.002 | Accepted |
Indirect effects | 0.103 | 0.03 | 3.433 | 0.072–0.423 | 0.001 | ||
Direct effects | 0.308 | 0.069 | 4.464 | 0.175–0.449 | 0.002 |
Constructs | Indicator | Substantive factor loading (R1) | R12 | Method factor loading (R2) | R22 | P |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attitude |
ATT1 | 0.897 | 0.805 | 0.153 | 0.023 | 0.402 |
ATT2 | 0.882 | 0.778 | 0.165 | 0.027 | 0.368 | |
ATT3 | 0.891 | 0.794 | 0.178 | 0.032 | 0.326 | |
ATT4 | 0.889 | 0.790 | 0.134 | 0.018 | 0.469 | |
PBC |
PBC1 | 0.898 | 0.806 | 0.319 | 0.102 | 0.094 |
PBC2 | 0.853 | 0.728 | 0.273 | 0.075 | 0.166 | |
PBC3 | 0.845 | 0.714 | 0.239 | 0.057 | 0.229 | |
PBC4 | 0.811 | 0.658 | 0.069 | 0.005 | 0.736 | |
Subjective norms |
SN1 | 0.895 | 0.801 | 0.304 | 0.092 | 0.080 |
SN2 | 0.839 | 0.704 | 0.163 | 0.027 | 0.356 | |
SN3 | 0.843 | 0.711 | 0.128 | 0.016 | 0.491 | |
Intention |
INT1 | 0.931 | 0.867 | -0.043 | 0.002 | 0.829 |
INT2 | 0.932 | 0.869 | -0.130 | 0.017 | 0.525 | |
INT3 | 0.932 | 0.869 | -0.127 | 0.016 | 0.535 | |
Behaviour |
BEH1 | 0.894 | 0.799 | 0.222 | 0.049 | 0.224 |
BEH2 | 0.895 | 0.801 | 0.220 | 0.048 | 0.234 | |
BEH3 | 0.884 | 0.781 | 0.189 | 0.036 | 0.306 | |
Average | 0.883 | 0.781 | 0.144 | 0.038 | 0.402 |