Research and Design of Smart Care-Giving Clothing for Disabled Elderly

Chen Han; Shen Lei; Ren Ruoan; Xu Han; Liu Yanbing

Open Access

Research and Design of Smart Care-Giving Clothing for Disabled Elderly

and

| Dec 11, 2022

Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe

Volume 30 (2022): Issue 4 (July 2022)

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Published Online: Dec 11, 2022

Page range: 21 - 31

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0034

Keywords
Smart clothing, disabled elderly, patient care, health monitoring, clothing design

© 2022 Chen Han et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Knowledge map of time frame subject keywords

Convenience of putting on-taking off design

Combination of electronic components and clothing

Intelligent terminal app operation interface

Comparative experiment result of caregiver's anxiety

Subjective rating scores for clothing comfort

Open-ended questions for expert interview

No.	Interview questions or conversation contents
1	Introduce the purpose, content, steps and time of this interview.
2	Have you ever presided over, participated in or known research on smart care-giving clothing for the disabled elderly or other related topics? Please say about your experience.
3	Are there disabled elderly or their caregivers around you? Please put forward some helpful design schemes or ideas for the disabled elderly or their caregivers from your professional perspective.
4	What categories do you think the users of smart care-giving clothing products for the disabled elderly can be divided into?
5	In what scenarios do you think smart care-giving clothing products can serve disabled elderly users?
6	Imagine you are a disabled elderly person now, what would you like to receive through smart care-giving clothing products?
7	Imagine you are a caregiver of a disabled elderly person, what would you like to receive through smart care-giving clothing ?
8	What would we do if you worked with us to design smart care-giving clothing for the disabled elderly?

Composite weight analysis of questionnaire

Indicator layer	Guideline level			Weighting of the overall objective	Ranking of indicator weights
Indicator layer	B1	B2	B3	Weighting of the overall objective	Ranking of indicator weights
C11	1952			985	4
C12	2321			1171	2
C13	1871			944	5
C14	2632			1328	1
C15	1223			617	8
C21		895		238	13
C22		1053		280	12
C23		2511		668	7
C24		3395		903	6
C25		2147		571	9
C31			4911	1127	3
C32			2436	559	10
C33			2244	515	11
C34			410	94	14
Impact factors	5045	2660	2295

Top 15 negative emotion high-frequency words from social media

Rank	Word	Frequency
1	Inaccurate	31
2	Inconvenient	30
3	Ugly	30
4	Unsafe	28
5	Low endurance	25
6	Tight	21
7	Heavy	21
8	Expensive	19
9	Not smooth	17
10	Difficult	16
11	Lag	12
12	Strange	11
13	Redundant	11
14	Outdated	10
15	Not practical	10

Coding analysis of target users and usage scenarios

User category coding		Usage scene coding
Number/name	Word frequency [times]	Number/name	Word frequency [times]
A1 Elderly with perceptual disabilities	201	B11 Painless	12
		B12 Blindness and visual impairment	5
		B13 Alzheimer's disease	19
		B14 Tactile deficit	11
		B15 Autism	8
A2 Elderly with expression disabilities	245	B21 Narrative disorder	6
		B22 Communication barriers	20
		B23 Patients who have lost their voices	5
		B24 Disorganisation of language	14
		B25 Intellectual disability	27
A3 Elderly with movement disabilities	118	B31 Bedridden	31
		B32 Urine bag aid	9
		B33 Incontinence	22
		B35 Impaired mobility of the limbs	9
		B34 Hemiplegic patients	6
		B35 Wheelchair users	5

System of demand elements for smart care-giving clothing for the disabled elderly

Second level elements	Third level elements
B1 Perceptual understanding(instinctive layer)	C11 Continuous monitoringC12 Exception alarmC13 Mobile terminalsC14 ComfortC15 Danger tips
B2 Use in scenarios(behavioural layer)	C21 Fashion senseC22 Sense of valueC23 Familiarity with semanticsC24 Daily mimesisC25 Behavioural guidance
B3 Lifestyle(reflective layer)	C31 Dignity of independenceC32 Care-giving knowledgeC33 Science and wellnessC34 Community exchange

Comparison of putting on and taking off time in six representative daily scenarios

Scene	Part	Smart clothing [s]	Normal clothing [s]	Reduction [%]
Standing	Upper clothing	19.21	46.12	58.35
Standing	Trousers	16.13	51.44	68.64
Lying in bed	Upper clothing	41.57	77.67	46.48
Lying in bed	Trousers	35.23	54.43	35.27
Toilet	Trousers or crotch unit	14.10	22.67	37.80
Arm injections	Upper clothing or sleeves	12.76	35.25	63.80
Total		139.00	287.58	51.67

Comparison of the frequency of body checks

Group number	Times of body check per day with ordinary clothing [times]	Times of body check per day with care-giving clothing [times]
1	3	2
2	5	3
3	4	2
4	2	2
5	2	1
6	4	2
7	3	1
8	3	2
Average	3.25	1.875

Top 15 high-frequency words from social media

Rank	Word	Frequency
1	Function	476
2	Monitor	443
3	Smart	378
4	Protect	281
5	Home	264
6	Fall	259
7	IOT	213
8	Fever	185
9	AI	177
10	Bed	143
11	Graphene	99
12	Wash	90
13	Safe	86
14	Sensor	82
15	Lost	81

Description of smart clothing sensor device

Device	Type	Property	Capacity	Work environment	Supplier
Battery	LG BL-S6	3.85Vcc/570mAh	-	−20°C–60°C	LG corp.
Microcontroller	STM32F103C8T6	72MHz/64KB	≤26mA	2V–3.6V	ST Microelectronics
Temperature and humidity sensor	SHT21	±0.3°C@−20–80°C±2%RH@0–100%RH	≤5.5mA	<5mA	SENSIRION corp.
GPS	ATGM336H-5N-7X	±2.5m	≤25mA	<525mA,3.3V	Zhongkewei corp.
Bluetooth	BT08B	Bluetooth 3.0	≤15mA	3.3V–5v	Risym corp.
Cable	KTFB275/2	14.7Ω/m	-	−100°C–800°C	Qianglun corp.

Experimental results of the utility of body surface temperature and humidity monitoring

Subject number	Average temperature [°C]			Average humidity [%]
Subject number	Sensors	Thermometer	Error	Sensors	Moisture meter	Error
1	36.2	36.4	−0.2	56	51	+5
2	36.1	36.1	+0.0	47	44	+3
3	36.3	36.4	−0.1	58	59	−1
4	36.1	36.3	−0.2	40	36	+4
5	35.8	35.9	−0.1	44	45	−1
6	35.5	35.8	−0.3	45	47	−2
7	36.4	36.8	−0.4	41	39	+2
8	35.9	36.2	−0.3	50	45	+5

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Research and Design of Smart Care-Giving Clothing for Disabled Elderly

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Dec 11, 2022

Page range: 21 - 31

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0034

Keywords
Smart clothing, disabled elderly, patient care, health monitoring, clothing design

© 2022 Chen Han et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

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Open-ended questions for expert interview

Composite weight analysis of questionnaire

Top 15 negative emotion high-frequency words from social media

Coding analysis of target users and usage scenarios

System of demand elements for smart care-giving clothing for the disabled elderly

Comparison of putting on and taking off time in six representative daily scenarios

Comparison of the frequency of body checks

Top 15 high-frequency words from social media

Description of smart clothing sensor device

Experimental results of the utility of body surface temperature and humidity monitoring

Research and Design of Smart Care-Giving Clothing for Disabled Elderly

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Dec 11, 2022

Page range: 21 - 31

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ftee-2022-0034

KeywordsSmart clothing, disabled elderly, patient care, health monitoring, clothing design

© 2022 Chen Han et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Fig. 1

Fig. 2

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Fig. 5

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

Fig. 10

Open-ended questions for expert interview

Composite weight analysis of questionnaire

Top 15 negative emotion high-frequency words from social media

Coding analysis of target users and usage scenarios

System of demand elements for smart care-giving clothing for the disabled elderly

Comparison of putting on and taking off time in six representative daily scenarios

Comparison of the frequency of body checks

Top 15 high-frequency words from social media

Description of smart clothing sensor device

Experimental results of the utility of body surface temperature and humidity monitoring

Keywords
Smart clothing, disabled elderly, patient care, health monitoring, clothing design