Open visitation in the NICU: nurses’ perspectives on barriers and facilitators†
| Jun 22, 2023
About this article
Article Category: Original Article
Published Online: Jun 22, 2023
Page range: 183 - 191
Received: Sep 13, 2022
Accepted: Dec 15, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2023-0019
Keywords
© 2023 Fatemeh Ghorbani, published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Correlation between nurses’ demographic characteristics and their perspectives on Open Visiting Policy (OVP).
| Demographic characteristics | Nurses’ perspectives | |
|---|---|---|
| r | ||
| Age | –0.004 | 0.96 |
| Marital status | –0.117 | 0.21 |
| Child number | 0.006 | 0.95 |
| Educational level | 0.02 | 0.83 |
| Work experience | 0.027 | 0.78 |
| Employment status | –0.007 | 0.94 |
| Work shifts | –0.181 | 0.05 |
Demographic characteristics of the participating nurses.
| Variable | Values N (%) |
|---|---|
| Single | 23 (20.4) |
| Married | 90 (79.6) |
| No child | 45 (39.8) |
| One child | 32 (28.3) |
| Two children | 34 (30.0) |
| >2 children | 1 (0.9) |
| BS | 105 (92.9) |
| MSc | 8 (7.1) |
| 1–5 | 29 (25.7) |
| 5–10 | 35 (3.0) |
| 10–15 | 16 (14.2) |
| 15–20 | 22 (19.5) |
| >20 | 11 (9.7) |
| Permanent employment | 52 (46.0) |
| Temporary employment | 22 (19.5) |
| Conventional employment | 5 (4.4) |
| Part-time employment | 17 (15.0) |
| Training course | 17 (15.0) |
| Rotating shifts (morning, evening, and night shifts) | 100 (88.5) |
| Fixed shifts (for example only morning shift) | 13 (11.5) |
Cumulative percentage of agreement/disagreement with the barriers and facilitators of open visitation.
| Barriers (%) | Facilitators (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Item | Agreement | Disagreement | Item | Agreement | Disagreement |
| 1 | 62.8 | 10.9 | 1 | 72.6 | 4.4 |
| 2 | 81.4 | 0.9 | 2 | 78.8 | 4.4 |
| 3 | 90.3 | 1.8 | 3 | 74.4 | 10.7 |
| 4 | 86.7 | 6.2 | 4 | 79.6 | 5.4 |
| 5 | 73.4 | 14.2 | 5 | 82.3 | 4.5 |
| 6 | 86.7 | 1.8 | 6 | 78.8 | 6.2 |
Nurses’ perspectives toward barriers and facilitators of open visitation in the NICU.
| Items | Scores (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strongly agree | Agree | Neither agree nor disagree | Disagree | Strongly disagree | |
| Barriers | |||||
| I think these factors prohibit the family’s open visitation: | |||||
| 1. Hospitals’ restrictive policies | 23.9 | 38.9 | 22.1 | 6.2 | 2.7 |
| 2. Emergency activities due to the frequent admission of new neonates from the delivery/operating room | 29.2 | 52.2 | 15 | 0.9 | 0 |
| 3. Parents’ low awareness about sensitivity and hygienic principles of the NICU | 41.6 | 48.7 | 4.4 | 1.8 | 0 |
| 4.The physical structure of the ward and insufficient space | 46 | 40.7 | 3.5 | 6.2 | 0 |
| 5.Shortage of materials such as gowns, mask, etc. | 29.2 | 44.2 | 8.8 | 13.3 | 0.9 |
| 6.Long distance from the family’s residence and having another child at home | 31.9 | 54.9 | 7.1 | 1.8 | 0 |
| Facilitators | |||||
| I think these factors facilitate the family’s open visitation: | |||||
| 1. Hospital directors’ commitment to the implementation of the family-centered care and NIDCAP for neonates | 31.9 | 40.7 | 15.9 | 4.4 | 0 |
| 2. Using divider curtains between neonates’ warmers and ensuring the family’s privacy | 38.1 | 40.7 | 11.5 | 4.4 | 0.9 |
| 3. Allocation of a specific nurse for continuous family education and accompanying them during shifts | 37.2 | 37.2 | 10.6 | 8 | 2.7 |
| 4. Providing residency facilities for the family | 27.4 | 52.2 | 11.5 | 2.7 | 2.7 |
| 5. Supporting employed parents during the neonate’s hospitalization | 33.6 | 48.7 | 8.8 | 2.7 | 1.8 |
| 6. Personnel’s good communication with the family | 30.1 | 48.7 | 8.8 | 5.3 | 0.9 |