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Common psychological disorders in elderly and their correlations with social support, Shiraz, Iran, 2018†

Firoozeh Abbasi
Firoozeh Abbasi
, 
Seyyed Mansour Kashfi
Seyyed Mansour Kashfi
, 
Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
Hossein-Ali Nikbakht
 and 
Masoud Karimi
Masoud Karimi
   | Apr 13, 2022
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Article Category: Original article
Published Online: Apr 13, 2022
Page range: 115 - 121
Received: Jun 14, 2021
Accepted: Aug 10, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/fon-2022-0014
Keywords
© 2022 Firoozeh Abbasi et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Demographic profile of participants (n = 400).

Variable N Percent
Age (years)
  60–65 194 48.5
  66–70 102 25.5
  71–94 104 26
Marital status
  Married 332 83
  Single/widow/divorced 68 17
Education
  Literate 307 76.7
  Illiterate 93 23.3
Chronic diseases*
  Yes 344 85.8
  No 56 14
Smoking
  Yes 60 15
  No 340 85
Monthly income
  <$270 201 50.2
  >$270 199 49.8

Associations between SCL-90 total score and social support and demographic variables in multivariate linear regression.

Variable β P Value
Social support −0.332 <0.001
Age (years) −0.05 0.313
Sex (male/female) 0.13 0.010
Marital status (single/married) −0.007 0.893
Education (illiterate/literate) −0.002 0.960
Chronic disease (no/yes) 0.049 0.292
Smoking (no/yes) 0.09 0.034
Income (<270$/>270$) −0.06 0.177

The mean scores of SCl-90-R dimensions and frequency of participants’ psychological disorders.

SCL-90 domains Mean (SD) N of items Possible range Healthy range Cases
Sick Healthy
N (%) N (%)
Somatization 10.06 ± 8.97 12 0–48 0–3.5 279 (68.9) 121 (30.3)
Depression 12.02 ± 10.29 13 0–52 0–6.5 242 (60.5) 158 (39.5)
Anxiety 6.58 ± 6.27 9 0–36 0–4.5 214 (53.5) 186 (46.5)
Hostility 3.67 ± 4.07 6 0–24 0–2.5 204 (51.0) 196 (49.0)
Obsessive-compulsive behavior 7.51 ± 6.21 10 0–10 0–7.0 178 (44.5) 222 (55.5)
Interpersonal sensitivity 5.50 ± 5.48 9 0–36 0–6.5 145 (36.3) 255 (63.7)
Paranoid ideation 5.97 ± 4.95 6 0–24 0–7.0 140 (35.0) 260 (65.0)
Psychoticism 2.48 ± 4.07 10 0–40 0–3.0 103 (25.8) 297 (74.3)
Phobic anxiety 1.73 ± 3.03 8 0–32 0–4.0 57 (14.2) 343 (85.8)

Associations between SCL-90 total score and social support and demographic variables in univariate linear regression.

Variable β F R2 P Value
Social support −0.350 55.636 0.123 <0.001
Age (years) −0.054 1.154 0.003 0.283
Sex (male/female) 0.21 16.621 0.040 <0.001
Marital status (single/married) −0.128 6.674 0.016 0.010
Education (illiterate/literate) −0.067 1.787 0.004 0.182
Chronic disease (no/yes) 0.028 0.302 0.001 0.583
Smoking (no/yes) 0.086 2.968 0.007 0.086
Income (<270$/>270$) −0.137 7.603 0.019 0.006

Mean (SD) scores of social support subscales.

Social support subscales Mean (SD) Possible range
Tangible support 18.2 (3.415) 4–20
Emotional support 17.89 (3.995) 4–20
Informational support 18.0 (3.945) 4–20
Affectionate support 13.50 (2.989) 3–15
Positive social interaction 18.0 (3.941) 4–20

Correlation coefficients of SCL-90 domains and social support subscales.

Variables Tangible support Emotional support Informational support Affectionate support Positive social interaction
Somatization −0.352** −0.336** −0.295** −0.298** −0.328**
Obsessive-compulsive behavior −0.267** −0.321** −0.273** −0.315** −0.321**
Interpersonal sensitivity −0.283** −0.298** −0.267** −0.275** −0.315**
Depression −0.330** −0.348** −0.286** −0.305** −0.332**
Anxiety −0.245** −0.258** −0.228** 0.243** 0.225**
Hostility −0.096 −0.136 −0.116* −0.158* −0.159**
Phobic anxiety −0.103* −0.141* −0.101* −0.121* −0.144**
Paranoid ideation 0.168** 0.209** 0.158* −0.175** −0.191**
Psychoticism −0.299** −0.311** −0.270** −0.302** −0.322**
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