<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

The research is related to the assessment of the overall sensitivity and applicability of many bioassays representing different trophic levels for the preliminary ecotoxicological testing of commercial disinfectants marked as SA (SAVO, Bochemie a.s., Czech Republic) and DoAm (Dom Amor, BOOS – Biologické substancie, Slovak Republic). Disinfectants were prepared based on sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). SA contains only NaOCl while earthworm enzymes enrich DoAm. In both commercial products, the NaOCl content did not exceed 5%; pure NaOCl was used as a 10% solution as well. For bioassay, water organisms (<italic>Vibrio fischeri, Desmodesmus subspicatus, Daphnia magna</italic> and <italic>Tubifex tubifex</italic>) situated in various trophic levels were used. All the tests were confirmed as suitable for the determination of chlorine’s adverse effects. Because the organisms’ reactions to the tested disinfectants varied, they can be arranged in the following rank order of sensitivity: <italic>V. fischeri</italic> ≥ <italic>D. subspicatus</italic> >> <italic>D. magna</italic> >> <italic>T. tubifex</italic>. The toxicity of the tested substances (NaOCl, SA, DoAm) depends on the length of exposure, the species of the organism and FAC (free available chlorine) content. The effective concentrations of the tested products ranged from 0.13 to 8.18 μL L–1, i.e., 0.014 to 0.26 mg L–1 of FAC. However, in the tests with <italic>T. tubifex</italic> and <italic>V. fischeri</italic> the toxic effect of NaOCl was the weakest; the tests with other two organisms confirmed this compound as the most toxic. Only for <italic>T. tubifex</italic> (96 hrs) did SA have a more adverse effect than DoAm.
</abstract>

The research is related to the assessment of the overall sensitivity and applicability of many bioassays representing different trophic levels for the preliminary ecotoxicological testing of commercial disinfectants marked as SA (SAVO, Bochemie a.s., Czech Republic) and DoAm (Dom Amor, BOOS – Biologické substancie, Slovak Republic). Disinfectants were prepared based on sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). SA contains only NaOCl while earthworm enzymes enrich DoAm. In both commercial products, the NaOCl content did not exceed 5%; pure NaOCl was used as a 10% solution as well. For bioassay, water organisms (Vibrio fischeri, Desmodesmus subspicatus, Daphnia magna and Tubifex tubifex) situated in various trophic levels were used. All the tests were confirmed as suitable for the determination of chlorine’s adverse effects. Because the organisms’ reactions to the tested disinfectants varied, they can be arranged in the following rank order of sensitivity: V. fischeri ≥ D. subspicatus >> D. magna >> T. tubifex. The toxicity of the tested substances (NaOCl, SA, DoAm) depends on the length of exposure, the species of the organism and FAC (free available chlorine) content. The effective concentrations of the tested products ranged from 0.13 to 8.18 μL L–1, i.e., 0.014 to 0.26 mg L–1 of FAC. However, in the tests with T. tubifex and V. fischeri the toxic effect of NaOCl was the weakest; the tests with other two organisms confirmed this compound as the most toxic. Only for T. tubifex (96 hrs) did SA have a more adverse effect than DoAm.

A test battery approach for ecotoxicological evaluation of disinfectants prepared on the basis of sodium hypochlorite

Department of Environmental Ecology and Landscape Management, Faculty of Natural Sciences

Folia Oecologica

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

The research is related to the assessment of the overall sensitivity and applicability of many bioassays representing different trophic levels for the...

A test battery approach for ecotoxicological evaluation of disinfectants prepared on the basis of sodium hypochlorite

Published Online: Jul 26, 2023

Page range: 165 - 173

Received: Nov 22, 2022

Accepted: Mar 19, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0015

Keywords
benthonic worms, bioassay, disinfectants, freshwater plankton, marine luminescent bacteria, sensitivity

© 2023 Agáta Fargašová et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

A test battery approach for ecotoxicological evaluation of disinfectants prepared on the basis of sodium hypochlorite

Published Online: Jul 26, 2023

Page range: 165 - 173

Received: Nov 22, 2022

Accepted: Mar 19, 2023

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/foecol-2023-0015

Keywordsbenthonic worms, bioassay, disinfectants, freshwater plankton, marine luminescent bacteria, sensitivity

© 2023 Agáta Fargašová et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
benthonic worms, bioassay, disinfectants, freshwater plankton, marine luminescent bacteria, sensitivity