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Deforestation as a catalyst for natural disaster and community suffering: A cycle in the socioecological system

Golar Golar
Golar Golar
, 
Hasriani Muis
Hasriani Muis
, 
Isrun Isrun
Isrun Isrun
, 
Wahyu Syahputra Simorangkir
Wahyu Syahputra Simorangkir
, 
Fadhliah Fadhliah
Fadhliah Fadhliah
, 
Muhammad Nur Ali
Muhammad Nur Ali
 and 
Muhammad Basir-Cyio
Muhammad Basir-Cyio
   | Jun 15, 2024
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Article Category: Methodological Article
Published Online: Jun 15, 2024
Page range: 72 - 88
Received: Jan 10, 2023
Accepted: Jan 26, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ffp-2024-0007
Keywords
© 2024 Golar Golar et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Figure 1.

Map of the research implementation site, which includes the Palu and Jeneberang watersheds that are are located in the Central and West Sulawesi provinces, Indonesia
Map of the research implementation site, which includes the Palu and Jeneberang watersheds that are are located in the Central and West Sulawesi provinces, Indonesia

Figure 2.

Maximum regression tree topology for Y (A) and optimal regression tree topology for Y (B)
Maximum regression tree topology for Y (A) and optimal regression tree topology for Y (B)

Figure 3.

RCV (x-Val relative error) plot of community encroachment rate (Y) response variable
RCV (x-Val relative error) plot of community encroachment rate (Y) response variable

Figure 4.

Optimum classification tree with four final terminals on the community encroachment rate (Y) response variable
Optimum classification tree with four final terminals on the community encroachment rate (Y) response variable

Figure 5.

Integration of time series, flood disaster, incomes before and after disaster, and Chi-square correlation test
Integration of time series, flood disaster, incomes before and after disaster, and Chi-square correlation test

Figure 6.

The cycle of the socioecological system before the community is involved (A) and after the community is involved in forest encroachment (B) as a silent partner for the wood businesspeople
The cycle of the socioecological system before the community is involved (A) and after the community is involved in forest encroachment (B) as a silent partner for the wood businesspeople

Figure 7.

Integration of 2019 flood, wood business partnerships and flood victims of various ethnicities, and the level of deforestation
Integration of 2019 flood, wood business partnerships and flood victims of various ethnicities, and the level of deforestation

Figure 8.

Changes in land cover from 2009 to 2021
Changes in land cover from 2009 to 2021

Result of relationship analysis between response variable (community encroachment rate) and explanatory variables

Explanatory variables Variable response (Y) P-value
quite severe severe really severe
Number of family members 0.919
1–3 People 10 21 20
>3 People 33 61 55
Age of the head of the family <0.001
36–45 years 20 14 8
>45 years 23 68 67
Health of the head of the family 0.517
Not supporting 7 19 19
Supporting 36 63 56
Flood <0.001
Heavy 30 17 3
Really heavy 13 65 72
Landslide <0.001
Wide 30 16 5
Really wide 13 66 70
Whirlwind <0.001
Speedy 43 71 28
Really speedy 0 11 47
Earthquake/liquefaction <0.001
High 15 62 58
Really high 28 20 17

Variables of forest damage level (Y) and explanatory/independent (X) variables in CART analysis

Response variable
Encroachment rate by community (Y) 1 Quite severe
2 Severe
3 Really severe
Explanatory variable
Number of family (people) (X1) 1 1–3
2 >3
Age of the head of family (years) (X2) 1 36–45
2 >45
Health of the head of family (X3) 1 Supporting
2 Not supporting
Flood (X4) 1 Heavy
2 Really heavy
Landslide (X5) 1 Wide
2 Very wide
Whirlwind (X6) 1 Speedy
2 Very speedy
Earthquake/liquefaction (X7) 1 High
2 Very high
eISSN:
2199-5907
Language:
English
Publication timeframe:
4 times per year
Journal Subjects:
Life Sciences, Plant Science, Medicine, Veterinary Medicine
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