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Figure 1:

Survival function using Kaplan-Meier estimates following re-irradiation for patients with recurrent/second primary head and neck cancer.
Survival function using Kaplan-Meier estimates following re-irradiation for patients with recurrent/second primary head and neck cancer.

Figure 2:

Locoregional recurrence using Kaplan-Meier estimates following re-irradiation for patients with recurrent/second primary head and neck cancer.
Locoregional recurrence using Kaplan-Meier estimates following re-irradiation for patients with recurrent/second primary head and neck cancer.

Stratification of overall survival (OS) groups at 2 years resulting from multivariate analysis (3).

Class I Treatment interval > 2 years, in patients submitted to surgery 2 years OS of 62%
Class II Treatment interval > 2 years, in patients not submitted to surgery or interval < 2 years, without organ dysfunction 2 years OS of 40%
Class III Interval between treatments < 2 years, with organ dysfunction 2 years OS of 17%

Toxicity grading differences between first and second irradiation.

Toxicity grade Timing, % (n) Time between irradiations (months), median (IQR)

After first irradiation After re-irradiation
Dermatitis
1 59.0 (23) 59.0 (23) 21.0 (47)
2 33.3 (13) 30.8 (12) 31.0 (41)
3 7.7 (3) 10.3 (4) 24.5 (19)
Mucositis
0 35.9 (14) 33.3 (13) 20.0 (14)
1 17.9 (7) 35.9 (14) 26.0 (47)
2 33.3 (13) 12.8 (5) 39.0 (109)
3 12.8 (5) 17.9 (7) 24.0 (89)
Xerostomia
0 23.1 (9) 5.1 (2) 34.0
1 46.2 (18) 76.9 (30) 21.0 (36)
2 30.8 (12) 17.9 (7) 27.0 (92)
Dysphagia
0 33.3 (13) 20.5 (8) 26.0 (117)
1 17.9 (7) 35.9 (14) 23.0 (46)
2 17.9 (7) 15.4 (6) 21.0 (25)
3 30.8 (12) 28.2 (11) 16.0 (35)

Univariate logistic regression of predictors for severe toxicity after first and second irradiations.

Variables After first irradiation After re-irradiation

RR (CI 95%) P-value RR (CI 95%) P-value
Location (reference: oropharynx)
Oral cavity 0.93 (0.11–7.82) .949 - -
Nasopharynx 4.20 (0.33–53.1) .268 0.24 (0.02–3.01) .268
Larynx 0.70 (0.13–3.68) .268 0.51 (0.10–2.59) .416
Hypopharynx 0.93 (0.11–7.82) .949 0.48 (0.06–4.00) .494
ECOG status (reference: 0)
1 5,08 (0,48–54,03) .178 1.40 (0.35–5.54) .632
2 - - 3.60 (0.32–40.23) .298
CT cycles (per each cycle) 1.27 (0.74–2.17) .383 0.97 (0.51–1.84) .933
Dose of RT (per each Gy) 0.98 (0.84–1.14) .780 1.06 (0.98–1.13) .134
Concurrent chemotherapy 3.90 (0.96–15.82) .057 1.25 (0.28–5.59) .770

Disease features at first and second radiotherapy irradiation.

Variable Timing, % (n)

At first irradiation At re-irradiation
Location
Oropharynx 30.8 (12)
Oral cavity 12.8 (5)
Nasopharynx 10.3 (4)
Larynx 30.8 (12)
Hypopharynx 12.8 (5)
Others 2.6 (1)
ECOG Performance status
0 89.7 (35) 56.4 (22)
1 10.3 (4) 33.3 (13)
2 0.0 (0) 10.3 (4)
T-stage
T0 5.1 (2) 20.5. (8)
T1 33.3 (13) 5.1 (2)
T2 15.4 (6) 23.1 (9)
T3 17.9 (7) 12.8 (5)
T4 28.2 (11) 38.5 (15)
N-stage
N0 41.0 (16) 53.8 (21)
N1 23.1 (9) 15.4 (6)
N2 28.2 (11) 20.5 (8)
N3 7.7 (3) 10.3 (4)
M-stage
M0 100.0 (39) 94.9 (37)
M1 0.0 (0) 5.1 (2)
Clinical stage
I 20.5 (8) 5.1 (2)
II 12.8 (5) 15.4 (6)
III 15.4 (6) 15.4 (6)
IV 51.3 (20) 64.1 (25)
CT cycles, median (IQR) 2.0 (2) 0.0 (0)
Dose of RT (Gy), median (IQR) 70.0 (4.0) 60.0 (16)
Concurrent chemotherapy 56.4 (22) 23.1 (9)

Concurrent chemotherapy (cCT) and toxicity grading following first and second irradiation.

Toxicity grade After first irradiation After re-irradiation

cCT Without cCT cCT Without cCT
Dermatitis
1 50.0 (11) 70.6 (12) 44.4 (4) 63.3 (19)
2 40.9 (9) 23.5 (4) 44.4 (4) 26.7 (8)
3 9.1 (2) 5.9 (1) 11.1 (1) 10.0 (3)
Mucositis
0 27.3 (6) 47.1 (8) 22.2 (2) 36.7 (11)
1 18.2 (4) 17.6 (3) 33.3 (3) 36.7 (11)
2 36.4 (8) 29.4 (5) 22.2 (2) 10.0 (3)
3 18.2 (4) 5.9 (1) 22.2 (2) 16.7 (5)
Xerostomia
0 13.6 (3) 35.3 (6) 0.0 (0) 6.7 (2)
1 50.0 (11) 41.2 (7) 77.8 (7) 76.7 (23)
2 36.4 (8) 23.5 (4) 22.2 (2) 16.7 (5)
Dysphagia
0 22.7 (5)a 47.1 (8)a 22.2 (2) 20.0 (6)
1 9.1 (2)a 29.4 (5)a 33.3 (3) 36.7 (11)
2 27.3 (6)a 5.9 (1)a 22.2 (2) 13.3 (4)
3 40.9 (9)a 17.6 (3)a 22.2 (2) 30.0 (9)
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