<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><bold>Objectives.</bold> This review assesses the polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids (CAs) and some related compounds in managing three or more of the cluster of seven, pre- and post-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related features (central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation, and inflammation).<bold>Methods.</bold> Google scholar and Pubmed were searched for cinnam*, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid in conjunction with each of pre- and post-onset T2DM, central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation, and inflammation. The study was divided into an introduction followed by findings on the impacts of each of the CAs including trans-CA acid, the E isomer of a CA-based thiazolidinedione and a metabolite of that isomer, as well as p-methoxy CA, various cinnamic amides and some other CA-related compounds (chlorogenic acid, cinnamaldehyde, ferulic and caffeic acid).<bold>Results.</bold> Trans-CA has a potential to manage three, while each of chlorogenic acid, cinnamalde-hyde, caffeic acid and ferulic acid has a potential to manage all seven members of the cluster. Other CA-related compounds identified may manage only one or two of the cluster of seven.<bold>Conclusions.</bold> Much of the work has been done in animal models of pre- and post-onset T2DM and non-pre- or post-onset T2DM humans and animals, along with some cell culture and in vitro work. Very little work has been done with human pre- and post-onset T2DM. While there is potential for managing 3 or more members of the cluster with many of these compounds, a definitive answer awaits large pre- and post-T2DM onset clinical trials with humans.</abstract>

Objectives. This review assesses the polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids (CAs) and some related compounds in managing three or more of the cluster of seven, pre- and post-type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related features (central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation, and inflammation).Methods. Google scholar and Pubmed were searched for cinnam*, chlorogenic acid, ferulic acid, and caffeic acid in conjunction with each of pre- and post-onset T2DM, central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation, and inflammation. The study was divided into an introduction followed by findings on the impacts of each of the CAs including trans-CA acid, the E isomer of a CA-based thiazolidinedione and a metabolite of that isomer, as well as p-methoxy CA, various cinnamic amides and some other CA-related compounds (chlorogenic acid, cinnamaldehyde, ferulic and caffeic acid).Results. Trans-CA has a potential to manage three, while each of chlorogenic acid, cinnamalde-hyde, caffeic acid and ferulic acid has a potential to manage all seven members of the cluster. Other CA-related compounds identified may manage only one or two of the cluster of seven.Conclusions. Much of the work has been done in animal models of pre- and post-onset T2DM and non-pre- or post-onset T2DM humans and animals, along with some cell culture and in vitro work. Very little work has been done with human pre- and post-onset T2DM. While there is potential for managing 3 or more members of the cluster with many of these compounds, a definitive answer awaits large pre- and post-T2DM onset clinical trials with humans.

The polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids and some related compounds in pre- and post-onset management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Endocrine Regulations

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Objectives. This review assesses the polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids (CAs) and some related compounds in managing three or more of the...

The polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids and some related compounds in pre- and post-onset management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Published Online: May 08, 2020

Page range: 137 - 155

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/enr-2020-0017

Keywords
cinnamic acids and related compounds, type 2 diabetes mellitus, central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation and inflammation

© 2020 Douglas Edward Barre et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The polypharmacy reduction potential of cinnamic acids and some related compounds in pre- and post-onset management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Published Online: May 08, 2020

Page range: 137 - 155

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/enr-2020-0017

Keywordscinnamic acids and related compounds, type 2 diabetes mellitus, central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation and inflammation

© 2020 Douglas Edward Barre et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
cinnamic acids and related compounds, type 2 diabetes mellitus, central obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, pro-thrombosis, oxidation and inflammation