Compared salt tolerance of five local wheat ( L.) cultivars of Albania based on morphology, pigment synthesis and glutathione content

Ariola Bacu; Vjollca Ibro; Magdalena Nushi

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Compared salt tolerance of five local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of Albania based on morphology, pigment synthesis and glutathione content

Ariola Bacu

Vjollca Ibro

and

Magdalena Nushi

| Jan 18, 2020

The EuroBiotech Journal

Volume 4 (2020): Issue 1 (January 2020)

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Published Online: Jan 18, 2020

Page range: 42 - 52

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2020-0006

Keywords
L, photosynthetic pigments, GSH, Chl, PSII

© 2020 Ariola Bacu, Vjollca Ibro and Magdalena Nushi, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Impact of different concentrations of salinity on leaf lengths (cm) for five wheat cultivars. Data represent mean values of leaves length (cm) and standard deviation (error bars) for three repeated measurements. Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Tukey Test.

Impact of different concentrations of salinity on root lengths (cm) for five wheat cultivars. Data represent mean values of leaves length (cm) and standard deviation (error bars) for three repeated measurements. Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Tukey Test.

Impact of saline treatments on mean shoot length (cm). Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Tukey Test.

Differences among mean chla content (mg/g fresh weight) for five wheat cultivars under saline treatments. Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Post Hoc Tukey Test.

Differences among mean chlb content (mg/g fresh weight) for five wheat cultivars under saline treatments. Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Tukey Test.

Differences among mean total chl content (mg/g fresh weight) for five wheat cultivars under saline treatments. Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Tukey Test. Values are means from three independent experiments. Different letters indicates statistically significant difference between treatments of the same cultivar.

Differences among mean carotenoids+xantophylls content (mg/g fresh weight), for five wheat cultivars under saline treatments. Mean values followed by different letters within the same cultivar are statistically different (p<0.05) according to Tukey Test.

Ratio Chla / Chlb at wheat cultivars two and three weeks after saline treatment.

Summary of the effect of salinity concentration on root, shoot and leaf development of five bread wheat cultivars during seedling in modified Hoagland solution (three weeks after treatment). Arrows directions

Cultivars	Roots development	Shoots development	Leaf development
Dajti
Suba
Toborzo
Viktoria
Nogal

Chlorophyll concentration (chla, chlb, tot chl, carotenoids and xanthophylls) of different wheat cultivars grown under normal and saline environments. Data is displayed as means±standart deviation (n=3). Different letters, for each cultivar, indicate significant differences (p<0.05) among NaCl treatments by Tukey test.

Cultivar	Treatment (NaCl)	2nd week				3rd week
Cultivar	Treatment (NaCl)	chla in mg/g fresh weight	chlb in mg/g fresh weight	tot chl	carotenoids + xanthophylls in mg/g fresh weight	chla in mg/g fresh weight	chlb in mg/g fresh weight	tot chl	carotenoids + xanthophylls in mg/g fresh weight
Suba	0 mM	0.60±0.25 a	0.147±0.5 a	0.75±0.29 a	42.8±15.8 a	0.59±0.01 a	0.12±0.01 a	1.18±0.05 a	46.9±0.1 a
	50 mM	0.78±0.27 a	0.21±0.08 a	0.98±0.35 a	55.4±15.9 a	1.097±0.15 b	0.17±0.05 b	0.74±0.03 b	58.22±0.56 b
	100 mM	1.01±0.07 a	0.255±0.02 a	1.26±0.09 a	65.2±10.4 a	1.06±0.01 c	0.24±0.14 c	1.34±0.013 b	68.5±0.55 c
	200 mM	0.77±0.26 a	0.21±0.07 a	0.97±0.32 a	55.2±10.6 a	0.47±0.01 d	0.27±0.02 d	1.33±0.04 c	65.8±0.15 d
Toborzo	0 mM	0.51±0.26 a	0.13±0.7 a	0.63±0.33 a	35.47±19.7 a	0.94±0.001 a	0.21±0.01 a	0.48±0.6 a	56.9±0.15 a
	50 mM	0.74±0.23 a	0.17±0.6 a	0.91±0.29 a	48.4±12.8 a	0.72±0.02 b	0.19±0.003 a	0.92±0.01 a	51.7±0.03 b
	100 mM	0.82±0.18 a	0.21±0.05 a	1.03±0.23 a	56.2±13.1 a	0.53±0.01 c	0.14±0.001 b	0.67±0.002 a	40.9±0.02 c
	200 mM	0.8±0.39 a	0.22±0.1 a	1.07±0.48 a	57.4±21.5 a	0.66±0.002 d	0.2±0.01 a	0.84±0.001 a	50.0±0.5 d
Viktoria	0 mM	0.55±0.1 a	0.14±0.03 b	0.68±0.13 a	39.6±6.95 a	0.84±0.001 a	0.20±0.005 a	1.02±0.02 a	52.1±0.27 a
	50 mM	0.77±0.07 ab	0.21±0.02 b	0.99±0.09 ab	54.9±4.54 ab	0.97±0.01 b	0.21±0.003 b	1.18±0.01 b	63±0.087 b
	100 mM	0.72±0.17 ab	0.17±0.04 b	0.9±0.21 ab	49.9±10.7 ab	0.65±0.01 c	0.13±0.005 c	0.80±0.005 b	41.7±0.006 c
	200 mM	0.9±0.13 b	0.23±0.04 b	1.1±0.17 b	63.1±7.25 b	0.64± 0.02 d	0.16±0.001 d	0.80±0.008 c	49.1±0.04 d
Nogal	0 mM	1.08±0.3 ab	0.31±0.01 a	1.38±0.04 a	74.5±1.8 a	0.71±0.03 a	0.19±0.002 a	0.9±0.01 a	51.4±0.01 a
	50 mM	0.9±0.05 a	0.24±0.02 b	1.14±0.7 b	63.7±1.44 a	0.5±0.01 b	0.13±0.001 b	0.63±0.02 b	35±0.005 b
	100 mM	1.0±0.09 ab	0.24±0.01 b	1.26±0.1 ab	70.4±8.54 a	0.71±0.01 a	0.16±0.006 c	0.87±0.002 c	39.1±0.2 c
	200 mM	1.0±0.1 b	0.25±0.04 b	1.38±0.13 a	74.7±8.54 a	0.69±0.01 c	0.122±0.01 d	0.81±0.002 d	38.1±0.17 d
Dajti	0 mM	0.82±0.11 a	0.22±0.04 a	1.04±0.15 a	57.3±7.46 a	0.42±0.01 a	0.17±0.04 a	0.53±0.4 a	32.6±0.01 a
	50 mM	0.91±0.08 a	0.26±0.02 a	1.17±0.1 a	66.9±3.9 a	0.74±0.03 b	0.21±0.02 a	0.95±0.01 b	56.85±0.05 b
	100 mM	0.86±0.17 a	0.02±0.01 a	0.97±0.1 a	56.78±4.6 a	0.66±0.01 c	0.31±0.25 a	0.82±0.08 c	46.27±0.03 c
	200 mM	0.8±0.11 a	0.04±0.02 a	1.0±0.14 a	57.1±9.0 a	0.40±0.02d	0.09±0.007 a	0.49±0.03 d	29.4±0.02 d

GSH (mM) for wheat cultivars Suba, Toborzo,Viktoria, Nogal and Dajti treated with modified Hoagland solution (0-50-100-200 mM NaCl), 2 and 3 weeks after treatment

Wheat cultivar	Week of measurement	Treatment with salinity (NaCl)				Value of test p=0.05
Wheat cultivar	Week of measurement	Controls (0 NaCl)	50 mM	100 mM	200 mM	Week/treatment
Suba	2^nd	0.64 a	0.86 a	0.31 b	0.14 b	p=0.002
Suba	3^rd	0.31 a	0.78 b	0.38 a	0.09 a	p=0.003
Toborzo	2^nd	0.11 a	0.37 a	0.52 a	0.50 a	p=0.085
Toborzo	3^rd	0.19 a	0.39 ab	0.54 b	0.48 ab	p=0.042
Viktoria	2^nd	0.58 c	0.72 c	0.71 c	0.83 c	p=0.408
Viktoria	3^rd	0.43 c	0.77 c	0.39 c	0.36 c	p=0.055
Nogal	2^nd	0.72 ab	1.06 b	0.93 b	0.58 a	p=0.016
Nogal	3^rd	0.21 ab	0.15 a	0.51 ab	0.67 b	p=0.026
Dajti	2^nd	0.36 a	0.59 ab	0.96 b	0.23 a	p=0.005
Dajti	3^rd	0.45 a	0.51a	0.167 a	0.27 a	p=0.467

Impact of salinity on morphological parameters (length of leaf, root and shoot)

Parameters measured (in cm)	Treatment (mMNaCl)	Wheat cultivars
Parameters measured (in cm)	Treatment (mMNaCl)	Suba	Toborzo	Viktoria	Nogal	Dajti
Root	0	11.6±0.87 a	10.76±1.78 a	24.13 ±0.32 a	10.37±1.98 a	15.43±0.55 a
	50	11.0±0.45 a	8.43±3.10 a	15.03±0.15bc	8.63±2.030 a	13.47±0.42ab
	100	11.4±1.32 a	7.27±0.85 a	15.15±0.5 cd	7.23±1.096 a	11.60±0.79bcd
	200	12.37±0.51 a	8.36±2.45 a	8.97±0.25 d	7.43±2.57 a	10.03±1.86 cd
Leaf	0	21.83±1.61 a	17.33±3.34 a	23.27±2.0 a	17.10±3.3 a	23.27±1.14 a
	50	18.93±0.40ab	15.4±1.9 b	20.3±1.87ab	13.7±1.75ab	22.70±0.40 a
	100	17.73±2.08 b	10.7±1.15 c	15.13±1.35bc	10.70±1.15ab	15.4±1.22 b
	200	12.03±1.50 c	9.53±1.15 d	11.27±3.35 c	9.53±2.04 b	15.23±0.10 b
Shoot	0	8.20±0.20 a	11.07±0.21 a	6.88±0.11 a	9.63±2.4 a	7.27±0.25 a
	50	7.17±0.31bc	7.97±0.41 b	6.03±0.15 b	7.96±0.42abc	6.80±0.26 a
	100	6.87±0.32 cd	5.23±0.25 c	6.10±0.2 b	6.03±0.15bc	6.07±0.31 b
	200	4.02±0.18 d	6.03±0.15 d	6.0±0.18 b	5.40±0.15 c	5.00±0.2 c

Impact of saline treatment (from 2nd to 3rd week) on pigment synthesis (Chla, Chlb, Tot Chl, Carotenoids+xantophylls) at five bread wheat cultivars of Vlora, Albania

Cultivars	Chla synthesis	Chlb synthesis	Total Chl	Carotenoids xantophylls &	Ratio Chla/Chlb
Dajti
Suba
Toborzo
Viktoria
Nogal

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Compared salt tolerance of five local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of Albania based on morphology, pigment synthesis and glutathione content

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Jan 18, 2020

Page range: 42 - 52

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2020-0006

Keywords
L, photosynthetic pigments, GSH, Chl, PSII

© 2020 Ariola Bacu, Vjollca Ibro and Magdalena Nushi, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Summary of the effect of salinity concentration on root, shoot and leaf development of five bread wheat cultivars during seedling in modified Hoagland solution (three weeks after treatment). Arrows directions

GSH (mM) for wheat cultivars Suba, Toborzo,Viktoria, Nogal and Dajti treated with modified Hoagland solution (0-50-100-200 mM NaCl), 2 and 3 weeks after treatment

Impact of salinity on morphological parameters (length of leaf, root and shoot)

Impact of saline treatment (from 2nd to 3rd week) on pigment synthesis (Chla, Chlb, Tot Chl, Carotenoids+xantophylls) at five bread wheat cultivars of Vlora, Albania

Compared salt tolerance of five local wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars of Albania based on morphology, pigment synthesis and glutathione content

Article Category: Research Article

Published Online: Jan 18, 2020

Page range: 42 - 52

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/ebtj-2020-0006

KeywordsL, photosynthetic pigments, GSH, Chl, PSII

© 2020 Ariola Bacu, Vjollca Ibro and Magdalena Nushi, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License.

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Summary of the effect of salinity concentration on root, shoot and leaf development of five bread wheat cultivars during seedling in modified Hoagland solution (three weeks after treatment). Arrows directions

GSH (mM) for wheat cultivars Suba, Toborzo,Viktoria, Nogal and Dajti treated with modified Hoagland solution (0-50-100-200 mM NaCl), 2 and 3 weeks after treatment

Impact of salinity on morphological parameters (length of leaf, root and shoot)

Impact of saline treatment (from 2nd to 3rd week) on pigment synthesis (Chla, Chlb, Tot Chl, Carotenoids+xantophylls) at five bread wheat cultivars of Vlora, Albania

Keywords
L, photosynthetic pigments, GSH, Chl, PSII