[1. Rodgman, A.: The N-nitrosamines in tobacco and tobacco smoke; October, 1993: pp. i-xv, 1–259: see www.rjrtdocs.com 509752851 -3134]Search in Google Scholar
[2. Hoffmann, D. and E.L. Wynder: Chemical constitu-ents and bioactivity of tobacco smoke; in: Tobacco: A major health hazard, edited by D.G. Zardidze and R. Peto, IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Sci. Publ. No. 74 (1986) 145–165.]Search in Google Scholar
[3. IARC: Chemistry and analysis of tobacco smoke; in: Evaluation of the carcinogenic risk of chemicals to humans: Tobacco smoking; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 38, 1986, pp. 83–126, 387–394.]Search in Google Scholar
[4. Hoffmann, D. and S.S. Hecht: Advances in tobacco carcinogenesis; in: Chemical carcinogenesis and muta-genesis. I, edited by C.S. Cooper and P. Grover, Springer-Verlag, London, U.K., 1990, Chapter 3, pp. 63–102.10.1007/978-3-642-74775-5_3]Search in Google Scholar
[5. Hoffmann, D., A. Rivenson, F.L. Chung, and E.L. Wynder: Potential inhibitors of tobacco carcinogene-sis; in: Tobacco smoking and nutrition: Influence of nutrition on tobacco-associated health risks, edited by J.N. Diana and W.A. Prior, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 686 (1993) 140–160.]Search in Google Scholar
[6. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Tobacco and tobacco smoke: Studies in experimental carcinogenesis; Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1967, pp. 496–501.]Search in Google Scholar
[7. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Tobacco and health: A societal challenge; New Eng. J. Med. 300 (1979) 894–903.]Search in Google Scholar
[8. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Tobacco; in: Cancer epidemiology and prevention, edited by D. Schotten-feld and J.F. Frauneni Jr, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia PA, 1982, pp. 277–292.]Search in Google Scholar
[9. Closing Quotes Department: Dietrich Hoffmann: Author of the list; Tobacco Reporter (July 2002) pp. 70–72.]Search in Google Scholar
[10. Occupational Safety and Health Administration: Indoor air quality; Fed. Reg. 59 (No. 65) (1994) 15968–16039.]Search in Google Scholar
[11. Hoffmann, D. and I. Hoffmann: The changing ciga-rette: 1950–1995; J. Toxicol. Environ. Hlth. 50 (1997) 307–364.]Search in Google Scholar
[12. Hoffmann, D. and I. Hoffmann: Tobacco smoke components. Letter to the Editor; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 18 (1998) 49–52.]Search in Google Scholar
[13. Smith C.J., S.D. Livingston, and D.J. Doolittle: An international literature survey of “IARC Group 1 carcinogens” reported in mainstream smoke; Food Chem. Toxicol. 35 (1997) 1107–1130; Smith, C.J., T.A. Perfetti, M.A. Mullens, A. Rodgman, and D.J. Doolittle: An international literature survey of IARC carcinogens in cigarette mainstream smoke; 53rd Tobacco Science Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 53, Paper No. 28, 1999, pp. 34–35.]Search in Google Scholar
[14. Smith C.J., T.A. Perfetti, M.A. Rumple, A. Rodgman, and D.J. Doolittle: “IARC Group 2A carcinogens” reported in cigarette mainstream smoke; Food Chem. Toxicol. 38 (2000) 371–383.]Search in Google Scholar
[15. Smith C.J., T.A. Perfetti, M.A. Rumple, A. Rodgman, and D.J. Doolittle: “IARC Group 2B carcinogens” reported in cigarette mainstream smoke; Food Chem. Toxicol. 39 (2001) 183–205.]Search in Google Scholar
[16. Hoffmann, D. and I. Hoffmann: The changing ciga-rette: Chemical studies and bioassays; in: Risks associated with cigarettes with low machine-measured yields of tar and nicotine, NCI smoking and tobacco control, Monograph 13, edited by D.M. Burns and N.L. Benowitz, United States Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda MD, Chapter 5 (2001) 159–191.]Search in Google Scholar
[17. Hoffmann, D., I. Hoffmann, and K. El-Bayoumy: The less harmful cigarette: A controversial issue. A tribute to Ernst L. Wynder; Chem. Res. Toxicol. 14 (2001) 767–790.]Search in Google Scholar
[18. Fowles, J. and M. Bates: The chemical constituents in cigarettes and cigarette smoke: Priorities for harm reduction. A Report to the New Zealand Ministry of Health, March 2000, pp. 1–65.]Search in Google Scholar
[19. Rodgman, A. and C.R. Green: Toxic chemicals in cigarette mainstream smoke – hazard and hoopla; in: Cigarette risk and the potential for risk reduction, Invited Speaker Symposium Proceedings, 2002 CORESTA Congress, New Orleans LA, pp. 2–52.]Search in Google Scholar
[20. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Experimental tobacco carcinogenesis; Science 162 (1968) 862–871.]Search in Google Scholar
[21. Van Duuren, B.L., J.A. Bilbao, and C.A. Joseph: The origin and nature of the nitrogen heterocyclics in cigarette smoke condensate; Proc. Am. Chem. Soc. Mtg.-in-Miniature, New York, N.Y., 1960; The carcinogenic nitrogen heterocycles in cigarette smoke condensate; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 25 (1950) 53–61.]Search in Google Scholar
[22. United States Public Health Service: Smoking and health. Report of the Advisory Committee to the Surgeon General of the Public Health Service; DHEW Publ. No. (PHS) 1103, 1964.]Search in Google Scholar
[23. Hoffmann, D. and E.L. Wynder: Selective reduction of the tumorigenicity of tobacco smoke. Experimental approaches; in: Toward a less harmful cigarette, Proceedings of Workshop on Smoking and Health, September, 1967, edited by E.L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph 28, Washington, D.C., 1968, pp. 151–172.]Search in Google Scholar
[24. United States Public Health Service: Smoking and health. A report of the Surgeon General; DHEW Publ. No. (PHS) 79-50066, 1979.]Search in Google Scholar
[25. United States Public Health Service: The health consequences of smoking. The changing cigarette. A report of the Surgeon General; DHHS Publ. No. (PHS) 81-50156, 1981.]Search in Google Scholar
[26. United States Public Health Service: The health conse-quences of smoking. Cancer. A report of the Surgeon General; DHHS Publ. No. (PHS) 82-50179, 1982.]Search in Google Scholar
[27. United States Public Health Service: The health consequences of involuntary smoking. A report of the Surgeon General, 1986; DHHS Publ. No. (PHS) 87-8398, 1987.]Search in Google Scholar
[28. Editors: Seminars in tobacco science: Tobacco smoke components; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 17 (1997) 61–66: see Table 6.]Search in Google Scholar
[29. Rodgman, A.: Tobacco smoke components. Letter to the Editor; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 18 (1998) 127–129.]Search in Google Scholar
[30. Kamata, K., N. Motohashi, R. Meyer, and Y. Yama-moto: Analysis of benz[c]acridines in cigarette smoke by high-performance liquid chromatography; J. Liq. Chromatog. 15 (1992) 1907–1920.]Search in Google Scholar
[31. Sasaki, T.A. and S.C. Moldoveanu: Analysis of dibenz[a,j]acridine in particulate-phase cigarette smoke; 53rd Tobacco Science Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 53, Paper No. 32, 1999, p. 37; Determination of dibenz[a,j]acridine in the particulate phase of cigarette smoke; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 19 (2000) 25–31.]Search in Google Scholar
[32. Baker, R.R: Smoke chemistry; in: Tobacco: Production, chemistry and technology, edited by D.L. Davis and M.T. Nielsen, Blackwell Science, Oxford, U.K., 1999, pp. 398–439: see pp. 423–424 and Table 12-7.]Search in Google Scholar
[33. Rodgman, A., C.J. Smith, and T.A. Perfetti: The composition of cigarette smoke: A retrospective with emphasis on polycyclic compounds; Human Exptl. Tox. 19 (2000) 573–595.]Search in Google Scholar
[34. Rustemeier, K., R. Stabbert, H.J. Haussmann, E. Roemer, and E.L. Carrnines: Evaluation of the poten-tial effects of ingredients added to cigarettes. Part 2: Chemical composition of mainstream smoke: Food Chem. Toxicol. 40 (2002) 93–104.]Search in Google Scholar
[35. Environmental Protection Agency: Health effects of passive smoking: assessment of lung cancer in adults and respiratory disorders in children; Draft Document EPA/600/6-90/006A (May, 1990);. Environmental tobacco smoke: A guide to workplace smoking poli-cies. Draft Document EPA/400/6-90/004 (June 25, 1990).]Search in Google Scholar
[36. Environmental Protection Agency: Respiratory health effects of passive smoking: lung cancer and other disorders; Draft Document EPA/600/6-90/006B (May 1992).]Search in Google Scholar
[37. Rodgman, A.: A comparison of the chemical and physical properties of cigarette mainstream smoke (MS), cigarette sidestream smoke (SS), and environ-mental tobacco smoke (ETS). Document submitted to the Environmental Protection Agency, December, 1991. Revised version submitted, June, 1992, pp. vii + 117, www.rjrtdocs.com 510649075-9111; 508137542 -7573.]Search in Google Scholar
[38. Rodgman, A.: The chemical composition of environ-mental tobacco smoke: Some comments on the Occu-pational Safety and Health Administration's notice on ‘Indoor air quality;’ Document submitted to Occupational Safety and Health Administration, 5 August, 1994, pp. xiii + 172: see www.rjrtdocs.com 515923456 -3645; 515926645 -6833.]Search in Google Scholar
[39. Rodgman, A.: Environmental tobacco smoke; Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 16 (1992) 223–244.10.1016/0273-2300(92)90003-R]Search in Google Scholar
[40. IARC: Tobacco habits other than smoking: Betel-quid and areca-nut chewing and some related nitrosamines; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 37, 1985.]Search in Google Scholar
[41. United States Public Health Service: Reducing the health consequences of smoking, 25 years of progress. A report of the Surgeon General; DHHS Publ. No. (CDC) 89-8411, 1989: see pp. 82–85.]Search in Google Scholar
[42. Harley, N.H., B.S. Cohen, and T.C. Tso: Polonium-210. A questionable risk factor in smoking-related carcinogenesis; in: A safe cigarette? Banbury Report 3, edited by G.B. Gori and F.G. Bock, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1980, pp. 93–104.]Search in Google Scholar
[43. Dorland, I. and (W.A. Newman): Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary, 27th Edition, edited by E.J. Taylor, W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA, 1988.]Search in Google Scholar
[44. Dorland, I.: Dorland's illustrated medical dictionary, 13th Edition; W.B. Saunders Company, Philadelphia, PA, 1927.]Search in Google Scholar
[45. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Selected laboratory methods in tobacco carcinogenesis; in: Methods in cancer research. Vol. 4, edited by H. Busch, Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1968, pp. 3–52.]Search in Google Scholar
[46. Wynder E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Bioassays in tobacco carcinogenesis; Prog. Exp. Tumor Res. 11 (1969) 163–193.]Search in Google Scholar
[47. Hoffmann, D. and E.L. Wynder: A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. XV. Chemical composition and tumorigenicity of tobacco smoke; in: The chemistry of tobacco and tobacco smoke, edited by I. Schmeltz, Plenum Publishing Co., 1972, pp. 123–147.]Search in Google Scholar
[48. Shear, M.J. and J. Leiter: Studies in carcinogenesis. XVI. Production of subcutaneous tumors in mice by miscellaneous polycyclic compounds; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2 (1941) 241–258.]Search in Google Scholar
[49. Hartwell, J.L.: Survey of compounds which have been tested for carcinogenic activity; USPHS Publ. No. 149, 2nd Edition, Washington, D.C., 1951, pp. 1–2.]Search in Google Scholar
[50. Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances: 1985–1986 Edition user's guide; DHHS Publ. No. (PHS) (1987) 87–114.]Search in Google Scholar
[51. Gori, G.B.: Less hazardous cigarettes: Theory and practice; in: A safe cigarette? Banbury Report 3, edited by G.B. Gori and F.G. Bock, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1980, pp. 261–279.]Search in Google Scholar
[52. Hoffmann, D., M.V. Djordjevic, and K.D. Brunne-mann: Changes in cigarette design and composition over time and how they influence the yields of smoke constituents; J. Smoking-Related Dis. 6 (1995) 9–23; Hoffmann, D., M.V. Djordjevic, and I. Hoffmann: The changing cigarette; Prev. Med. 26 (1997) 427–434.]Search in Google Scholar
[53. Sugimura, T.: Past, present, and future of mutagens in cooked foods; Environmental Hlth. Perspect. 67 (1986) 5–10.]Search in Google Scholar
[54. Coultson, F.: Overall view of the conference; in: Human epidemiology and animal laboratory correlations in chemical carcinogenesis, edited by F. Coult-son and P. Shubik, Ablex Publishing Corporation, Norwood, N.J., 1980, pp. 395–402.]Search in Google Scholar
[55. Rozman, K.K. and C.D. Klaassen: Absorption, distri-bution, and excretion of toxicants; in: Casarett and Doull's toxicology: The basic science of poison, edited by C.D. Klaassen, McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y., 1996, pp. 91–112.]Search in Google Scholar
[56. Maga, J.A.: Potential health concerns associated with smoke; in: Smoke in food processing, by J.A. Maga, CRC Press Inc., Boca Raton, FL, 1988, pp. 113–144.10.1201/9781351076647-10]Search in Google Scholar
[57. Waldman, J.M., P.J. Lioy, A. Greenberg, and J.P. Butler: Analysis of human exposure to benzo[a]pyrene [sic] via inhalation and food ingestion in the total human exposure study (THEES); J. Exptl. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 1 (1991) 93–225.]Search in Google Scholar
[58. Hattemeyer-Frey, H.A. and C.C. Travis: Benzo-a-pyrene [sic]: Environmental partitioning and human exposure; Toxicol. Ind. Hlth. 7 (1991) 141-157.]Search in Google Scholar
[59. Kazerouni, N., R. Sinha, C.-H. Hsu, A. Greenberg, and N. Rothman: Analysis of 200 food items for benzo[a]pyrene and estimation of its intake in an epidemiologic study; Food Chem. Toxicol. 39 (2001) 423-436.]Search in Google Scholar
[60. Fieser, L.F.: Chemical carcinogenesis; Arthur Stolle Festschrift (1957) 489-498.]Search in Google Scholar
[61. Grasso, P.: Carcinogens in food; in: Chemical carcino-gens, Second edition, edited by CE. Searle, American Chemical Society Monograph 182, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. 1984, Chapter 19, pp. 1205-1239.]Search in Google Scholar
[62. Neish, W.J.P.: [Solubility of PAHs in aqueous purine solutions (caffeine, theobromine, xanthine)]; Rec. Trav. Chim. 67 (1948) 361.]Search in Google Scholar
[63. Rothwell, K. and J.K. Whitehead: Complex formation, isolation and carcinogenicity of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; Nature 213 (1967) 797; A method for the isolation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from complex hydrocarbon mixtures; Chem. and Ind. (London) (1967) 784-786; A method for the concen-tration of basic polycyclic heterocyclic compounds and the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from cigarette smoke condensate; Chem. and Ind. (London) (1969) 1628-1630.]Search in Google Scholar
[64. Phillips, D.H.: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the diet; Mutat. Res. 443 (1999) 139-147.]Search in Google Scholar
[65. Lijinsky, W.: N-Nitroso compounds in the diet; Mutat. Res. 443 (1999) 129-138.10.1016/S1383-5742(99)00015-0]Search in Google Scholar
[66. Keating. G.A., D.W. Layton, and J.S. Felton: Factors determining dietary intake of heterocyclic amines in cooked foods; Mutat. Res. 443 (1999) 149-156]Search in Google Scholar
[67. Rojas, E., L.A. Herrera, L.A. Poirier, and P. Ostrowsky-Wegman: Are metals dietary carcinogens? Mutat. Res. 443 (1999) 157-181.]Search in Google Scholar
[68. Ferguson, L.R.: Natural and man-made mutagens and carcinogens in the human diet; Mutat. Res. 443 (1999) 1-10.]Search in Google Scholar
[69. Huber G.L.: Physical, chemical, and biological proper-ties of tobacco, cigarette smoke, and other tobacco products; in: Tobacco and smoking cessation. I, edited by G.L. Huber, Sem. Resp. Med. 10 (1989) 297-332: see p. 312, Table 5.]Search in Google Scholar
[70. Wattenberg, L.W.: Chemoprevention of cancer; Cancer Res. 45 (1985) 1-8.]Search in Google Scholar
[71. Mirvish, S.S.: Ascorbic acid inhibition of N-nitroso compound formation in chemical, food and biological systems; in: Inhibition of tumor induction and devel-opment, edited by M.S. Zedeck and M. Lipkin, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y., 1981, pp. 101-126; Inhibition of the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds by ascorbic acid and other compounds; in: Cancer achievements, challenges and prospects for the 1980's, edited by J.H. Burchenal and H.F. Oettgen, Plenum Publishing Corp., New York, N.Y., pp. 557-588.10.1007/978-1-4615-9218-1_4]Search in Google Scholar
[72. Newmark, H. and W. Mergens: a-Tocopherol (vitamin E) and its relationship to tumor induction; in: Inhibition of tumor induction and development, edited by M.S. Zedeck and M. Lipkin, Plenum Publishing, New York, N.Y., 1981, pp. 127-168.10.1007/978-1-4615-9218-1_5]Search in Google Scholar
[73. Kuenzi, W., J. Chau, E. Norkus, H. Holowaschenko, H. Newmark, W. Mergens, and A.N. Conney: Caffeic and ferulic acid as blockers of nitrosamine formation; Carcinogenesis 5 (1984) 309-314.]Search in Google Scholar
[74. Wattenberg, L.W.: Inhibition of dimethylhydrazine-induced neoplasia of the large intestine by disulfiram; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 54 (1975) 1005-1006.]Search in Google Scholar
[75. Fiala, E.S., G. Bobotas, C. Kulakis, L.W. Wattenberg, and J.H. Weisburger: The effect of disulfiram and related compounds on the in vivo metabolism of the colon carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; Biochem. Pharmacol. 26 (1977) 1763-1768.]Search in Google Scholar
[76. Slaga, T.J. and J. DiGiovanni: Inhibition of chemical carcinogenesis; in: Chemical carcinogens, 2nd Edition, edited by CE. Searle, American Chemical Society Monograph 182, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1984, pp. 1279-1321.]Search in Google Scholar
[77. Crabtree, H.G.: Influence of bromobenzene on the induction of skin tumors by 3,4-benzopyrene; Cancer Res. 4 (1944) 688-693; Influence of unsaturated dibasic acids on the induction of skin tumors by chemical carcinogens; Cancer Res. 5 (1945) 346-351; Some effects of aromatic hydrocarbons on sulfur metabolism and tumor induction in mice; Cancer Res. 6 (1946) 553-559; Anticarcinogenesis; Brit. Med. Bull. 4 (1947) 345-348.]Search in Google Scholar
[78. Steiner, P.E. and H.L. Falk: Summation and inhibition effects of weak and strong carcinogenic hydrocarbons, 1:2-benzanthracene, chrysene, 1:2:5:6-dibenzanthra-cene, and 20-methylcholanthrene; Cancer Res. 11 (1951) 56-63.]Search in Google Scholar
[79. Dipple, A., R.C. Moschel, and C.A.H. Bigger: Poly-nuclear hydrocarbons; in: Chemical carcinogens, Second edition, edited by CE. Searle, American Chemical Society Monograph 182, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C, 1984, Chapter 2, pp. 41-163.]Search in Google Scholar
[80. Slaga, T.J., L. Jecker, W.M. Bracken, and CE. Weeks: The effects of weak or non-carcinogenic poly-cyclic hydrocarbons on 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthra-cene and benzo[a]pyrene; Cancer Lett. 7 (1979) 51-59.]Search in Google Scholar
[81. DiGiovanni, J., T.J. Slaga, D.L. Berry, and M.R. Juchau: Inhibitory effects of environmental chemicals on polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon carcinogenesis; in: Carcinogenesis. A comprehensive survey. Vol. 5, edited by T.J. Slaga, Raven Press, New York, N.Y., 1980, pp. 145-168.]Search in Google Scholar
[82. Snook, M.E., R.F. Severson, R.F. Arrendale, H.C. Higman, and O.T. Chortyk: The identification of high molecular weight polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in a biologically active fraction of cigarette smoke condensate; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 9 (1977) 79-101.]Search in Google Scholar
[83. Williams, D., F.I. Wiebel, J.C Leutz, and H.V. Gelboin: [phenanthrene/anthracene inhibition of hydroxylation-epoxidation of BaP in hepatic micro-somes]; Biochem. Pharmacol. 20 (1971) 2130.]Search in Google Scholar
[84. Rodgman, A. and L.C Cook: The analysis of cigarette smoke condensate. XIV. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; RJRT RDR, 1960, No. 20, May 26: see www.rjrtdocs.com 501008592 -8660.]Search in Google Scholar
[85. Slaga, T.J. and R.K. Boutwell: Inhibition of the tumor-initiating ability of the potent carcinogen 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene by the weak tumor initia-tor 1,2,3,4-dibenzanthracene; Cancer Res. 37 (1977) 129-133.]Search in Google Scholar
[86. Slaga, T.J., A. Viaje, S.G. Buty, and W.M. Bracken: Dibenz[a,c]anthracene: A potent inhibitor of skin-tumor initiation by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene; Res. Comm. Chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 19 (1978) 477-483.]Search in Google Scholar
[87. Lacassagne, A., N.P. Buu-Hoï, and G. Rudall: Inhibition of the carcinogenic action produced by a weakly carcinogenic hydrocarbon on a highly active hydrocarbon; Brit. J. Exptl. Path. 26 (1945) 5-12.]Search in Google Scholar
[88. Hill, W.T., DW. Stanger, A. Pizzo, B. Riegel, P. Shubik, and W.B. Wartman; Cancer Res. 11 (1951) 892-897.]Search in Google Scholar
[89. Badger, G.M.: Chemical constitution and carcinogenic activity; Adv. Cancer Res. 2 (1954) 73-127.]Search in Google Scholar
[90. Homburger, F., A. Treger, and E. Boger: Experimental studies on the inhibition of carcinogenesis by cigarette-smoke condensates and carcinogen-related substances; in: Toward a less harmful cigarette, Proceedings of Workshop on Smoking and Health, September, 1967, edited by E.L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann,. Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph 28, Washington, D.C, 1968, pp. 259-270.]Search in Google Scholar
[91. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: A study of air pollution carcinogenesis. III. Carcinogenic activity of gasoline engine exhaust condensate; Cancer 15 (1962) 103-108.]Search in Google Scholar
[92. Eatough, D.J., L.D. Hansen, and E.A. Lewis: The chemical characterization of environmental tobacco smoke; in: Environmental tobacco smoke, edited by D.J. Ecobichon and J.M. Wu, Proc. International Symposium at McGill University, PQ, Canada, 1989, Lexington Books, D.C. Heath and Company, Lexing-ton MA, 1990, pp. 3-39.]Search in Google Scholar
[93. Rodgman, A. and L.C. Cook: The composition of cigarette smoke. IV. a-Tocopherol; Tob. Sci. 4 (1960) 7-8.]Search in Google Scholar
[94. Rodgman, A. and L.C. Cook: The composition of cigarette smoke. XI. Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds from Turkish tobacco smoke; Tob. Sci. 6 (1962) 176-179.]Search in Google Scholar
[95. Izard, C, J. LaCharpagne, and P. Testa: Sur l'activité biologique de divers condensats de fumée de ciga-rettes, revelée par les tests auxiniques; Compt. Rend. 262D (1966) 1859-1861.]Search in Google Scholar
[96. Rowland, R.L., A. Rodgman, J.N. Schumacher, D.L. Roberts, L.C. Cook, and Walker, W.E. Jr.: Macro-cyclic diterpenes. Hydroxyethers from tobacco and tobacco smoke; 17th Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 17, Paper No. 16, 1963, p. 13; Macrocyclic diterpene hydroxyethers from tobacco and cigarette smoke; J. Org. Chem. 29 (1964) 16-21.]Search in Google Scholar
[97. Falk, H.L., P. Kotin, and S. Thompson: Inhibition of carcinogenesis. The effect of hydrocarbons and related compounds; Arch. Environ. Hlth. 9 (1964) 169-179.]Search in Google Scholar
[98. Hoffman, H.E. and A.C. Griffin: Action of cigarette tar and smoke on chemically induced carcinogenesis; Texas Rep. Biol. Med. 16 (1958) 333–345.]Search in Google Scholar
[99. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Experimental tobacco carcinogenesis; Adv. Cancer Res. 8 (1964) 249–453: see p. 296, 330.10.1016/S0065-230X(08)60510-2]Search in Google Scholar
[100. Kotin, P. and H.L. Falk: Atmospheric factors in patho-genesis of lung cancer; Adv. Cancer Res. 7 (1953) 475–514: see pp. 489–490.]Search in Google Scholar
[101. Wynder, E.L., and D. Hoffmann: Studies with gaseous and particulate phase of cigarette smoke; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 3(4) (1962) 373; Bioassays on the carcinogenicity of tobacco smoke condensate and air pollutants; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 4(1) (1963) 73.]Search in Google Scholar
[102. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Biological and chemical studies of tobacco smoke condensate; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 3(3) (1961) 280.]Search in Google Scholar
[103. Wynder, E.L. and G.F Wright: A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. I. The primary fractions; Cancer 10 (1957) 255–271.]Search in Google Scholar
[104. Lam, J.: 3,4-Benzopyrene as a product of the pyrolysis of aliphatic hydrocarbons; Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand. 37 (1955) 421–428.]Search in Google Scholar
[105. Wynder, E.L.: Human and experimental relation of tobacco and cancer; Tobacco Symposium, Long Island Subsection, American Chemical Society, 1956.]Search in Google Scholar
[106. Wright, G.F: Personal communication. [See Rodgman, A.: Tobacco tar fractionation and the pretreatment of tobacco: A conversation with Dr. George F Wright of the University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; RDM, 1957, No. 25, July 22: see www.rjrtdocs.com 500610651 -0656].]Search in Google Scholar
[107. Wynder, E.L., G.F Wright, and J. Lam: A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. V. The role of pyrolysis; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 2(4) (1958) 357–358; Cancer 11 (1958) 1140–1148.]Search in Google Scholar
[108. Wynder, E.L., G.F Wright, and J. Lam: A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. VI. The role of precursors; Cancer 12 (1959) 1073–1078.]Search in Google Scholar
[109. Rodgman, A.: The analysis of cigarette smoke con-densate. II. The pretreatment of Camel blend tobacco; RDR, 1956, No. 12, November 1: see www.rjrtdocs.com 501008294 -8336; The analysis of cigarette smoke condensate. III. Flue-cured tobacco; RDR, 1957, No. 4, March 14: see www.rjrtdocs.com 501008337 –8377; Some studies on the effects of additives on cigarette mainstream smoke properties. I. Flavorants; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 20 (2001) 83–103.]Search in Google Scholar
[110. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: The role of higher polycyclic hydrocarbons in tobacco carcinogenesis; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 3(1) (1959) 74; A study of tobacco carcinogenesis. VII. The role of higher polycyclic hydrocarbons; Cancer 12 (1959) 1079–1086.]Search in Google Scholar
[111. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Biological and chemical studies of tobacco smoke condensate; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 3(3) (1961) 280; Studies with the gaseous and particulate phase of tobacco smoke; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 3(4) (1962) 373.]Search in Google Scholar
[112. Hoffmann, D. and E.L. Wynder: A study of air pollution carcinogens. II. The isolation and identification of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from gasoline engine exhaust condensate; Cancer 15 (1962) 93–102.]Search in Google Scholar
[113. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Experimental tobacco carcinogenesis; Adv. Cancer Res. 8 (1964) 249–453.10.1016/S0065-230X(08)60510-2]Search in Google Scholar
[114. Homburger, F.: Les rapports entre tabac et cancer: pathologie expérimentale; Med. Hyg. (Switz.) 23 (1965) 179–181; Homburger, F. and A. Treger: Effects of intravenous carcinogen and tobacco conden-sate injections upon the incidence of lung tumors in A/He mice; in: Lung tumors in animals, edited by L. Severi, Division of Cancer Research, University of Perugia, Italy, 1965, pp. 527–536; Homburger, F., A. Treger, and E. Boger: Experimental studies on the inhibition of carcinogenesis by cigarette-smoke condensates and carcinogen-related substances; in: Toward a less harmful cigarette, edited by E.L. Wyn-der and D. Hoffmann, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph 28 (1968) 259–270; Inhibition of murine subcutaneous and intravenous benzopentaphene carcinogenesis by sweet orange oils and d-limonene; Oncology 25 (1971) 1–10.]Search in Google Scholar
[115. Rothwell, K. and J.K. Whitehead: A method for the concentration of basic polycyclic heterocyclic com-pounds and the separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from cigarette smoke condensate; Chem. and Ind. (London) (1969) 1628–1630.]Search in Google Scholar
[116. Snook, M.E., R.F. Arrendale, H.C. Higman, and O.T. Chortyk: Isolation of indoles and carbazoles from cigarette smoke condensate; Anal. Chem. 50 (1978) 88–90; Snook, M.E., P.J. Fortson, L.B. Smith, and O.T. Chortyk: Isolation and identification of aza-arenes of tobacco smoke; 32nd Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 32, Paper No. 46, 1978, p. 25; Snook, M.E., P.J. Fortson, and O.T. Chortyk: Isolation and identification of aza-arenes of tobacco smoke; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 11 (1981) 67–78.]Search in Google Scholar
[117. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Tobacco and tobacco smoke: Studies in experimental carcinogenesis; Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1967, pp. 245–247, 628.]Search in Google Scholar
[118. Homburger, F. and A. Treger: Effects of intravenous carcinogen and tobacco condensate injections upon the incidence of lung tumors in A/He mice; in: Lung tumors in animals, edited by L. Severi, Division of Cancer Research, University of Perugia, Italy, 1965, pp. 527–536.]Search in Google Scholar
[119. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Tobacco and tobacco smoke: Studies in experimental carcinogenesis; Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1967, pp. 628–629.]Search in Google Scholar
[120. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: A study of air pollution carcinogenesis. III. Carcinogenic activity of gasoline engine exhaust condensate; Cancer 15 (1962) 103–108.]Search in Google Scholar
[121. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Studies with the gaseous and particulate phase of tobacco smoke; Proc. Am. Assoc. Cancer Res. 3(4) (1962) 373; Tobacco and tobacco smoke: Studies in experimental carcino-genesis; Academic Press, New York, N.Y., 1967, pp. 370–371, 628–629.]Search in Google Scholar
[122. Homburger, F.: Les rapports entre tabac et cancer: Pathologie expérimentale; Med. Hyg. (Switz.) 23 (1965) 179–181.]Search in Google Scholar
[123. Homburger, F., A. Treger, and E. Boger: Experimental studies on the inhibition of carcinogenesis by cigarette-smoke condensates and carcinogen-related substances; in: Toward a less harmful cigarette; Proceedings of Workshop on Smoking and Health, September, 1967, edited by E.L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann, Natl. Cancer Inst. Monograph 28 (1968) 259-270.]Search in Google Scholar
[124. Rowland, R.L.: Flue-cured tobacco. III. Solana-chromene and a-tocopherol; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80 (1958) 6130-6133.]Search in Google Scholar
[125. Rodgman, A. and L.C. Cook: The composition of cigarette smoke. XI. Heterocyclic nitrogen compounds from Turkish tobacco smoke; 16th Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 16, Paper No. 23, 1962, p. 14; Tob. Sci. 6 (1962) 176-179.]Search in Google Scholar
[126. Roberts, D.L. and R.L. Rowland: Macrocyclic diter-penes. a- and P-4,8,13-duvatriene-1,3-diols from tobacco; J. Org. Chem. 27 (1962) 3989-3995.]Search in Google Scholar
[127. Saito, Y., H. Takizawa, S. Konishi, D. Yoshida, and S. Mizusaki: Identification of cembratriene-4,6-diol as a antitumor-promoting agent from cigarette smoke condensate; Carcinogenesis 6 (1985) 1189-1194.]Search in Google Scholar
[128. Clemo, G.R.: Some aspects of the chemistry of tobacco smoke. I; Tetrahedron 3 (1958) 168-174; Kosak, A.I. and P.D. Rosen: Components of cigarette smoke; 7th International Cancer Congress, London, England, 1958; Kosak, A.I., P.D. Rosen, and J.S. Swinehart: Components of cigarette smoke; Acta Unio Internat. Contra Cancrum 15 (1959) 612.]Search in Google Scholar
[129. Green, C.R. and A. Rodgman: The Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference: A half century forum for advances in analytical methodology of tobacco and its products; Recent Adv. Tob. Sci. 22 (1996) 131-304.]Search in Google Scholar
[130. Fay, J.R., L.R. Perry, L.A. Kanerva, CC. Sigman, and C.T. Helmes: Inhibitors of chemical carcinogenesis; Document prepared in 1984, revised in 1985 for Sci. Coordinator Environ. Cancer, National Cancer Insti-tute, Bethesda, MD, 1985, pp. 1-96.]Search in Google Scholar
[131. Denissenko, M.F., A. Pao, M. Tang, and G.P. Pfeifer: Preferential formation of benzo[a]pyrene adducts at lung cancer mutational hotspots in P53; Science 274 (1996) 430-432.]Search in Google Scholar
[132. Jerina, D.M., R. Lehr, M. Schaefer-Ridden, H. Yagi, J.M. Karle, D.R. Thakker, A.W. Wood, A.Y.H. Lu, D. Ryan, S. West, W. Levi, and A.H. Connery: in: Origins of human cancer, edited by H.H. Hiatt, J.D Watson, and J.A. Winston, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, N.Y., 1977, p. 639.]Search in Google Scholar
[133. Lee, CK. and E.A. Reed: Ames test on smoke condensates: A summary; RJRT R&DM, 1983, No. 20, May 9: see www.rjrtdocs.com 508352301 -2303.]Search in Google Scholar
[134. Murphy, S.E. and R. Heilbrun: Effect of nicotine and tobacco-specific nitrosamines on the metabolism of N’-nitrosonornicotine and 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by rat oral tissue; Carcinogenesis 11 (1990) 1663-1666.]Search in Google Scholar
[135. Lee, CK., C.W. Fulp, D.W. Bombick, and D.J. Doolittle: Nicotine and cotinine inhibit the muta-genicity of N-nitrosamines present in tobacco smoke; 48th Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Paper No. 44; Vol. 48, Paper No. 44, 1994, p. 51; Inhibition of mutagenicity of N-nitrosamines by tobacco smoke and its constituents; Mutat. Res. 367 (1996) 83–92.]Search in Google Scholar
[136. Brown, B., J.T. Avalos, C.K. Lee, and D.J. Doolittle: The effect of tobacco smoke, nicotine, and cotinine on the mutagenicity of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL); 55th Tobacco Science Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 55, Paper No. 10, 2001, p. 26.10.1016/S1383-5718(01)00174-7]Search in Google Scholar
[137. Lee, C.K., J.A. Munoz, C.W. Fulp, K.M. Chang, J. Rogers, M.F. Borgerding, and D.J. Doolittle: Inhibitory activity of cigarette-smoke condensate on the mutagenicity of heterocyclic amines; Mutat. Res. 322 (1993) 21–32.]Search in Google Scholar
[138. Sugimura, T., T. Kawachi, M. Nagao, T. Yohagi, Y. Seino, T. Okamoto, K. Shudo, T. Kosuge, K. Tsuji, K. Watabayashi, Y. Iitaka, and A. Ita: Mutagenic princi-ple(s) in tryptophan and phenylalanine pyrolysis products; Proc. Japan Acad. 53B (1977) 58–61; Sugimura T, M. Nagao, T. Kawachi, M. Honda, T. Yahagi, Y. Seino, S. Sato, N. Matsukura, T. Mat-sushima, A. Shitai, M. Sawamura, and H. Matsumoto: Mutagens-carcinogens in food, with special reference to highly mutagenic pyrolytic products in broiled foods; in: Origins of human cancer, edited by H.H. Hiatt, J.D. Watson, and J.A. Winsten, Cold Spring Harbor Labora-tory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y., 1977, pp. 1561–1577.]Search in Google Scholar
[139. Yamamoto, T., K. Tsuji, T. Kosuge, T. Okamoto, K. Shudo, K. Takeda, Y. Iitaka, K. Yamaguchi, Y. Seino, T. Yahagi, M. Nagao, and T. Sugimura: Isolation and structure determination of mutagenic substances in L-glutamic acid pyrolysate; Proc. Japan Acad. 54B (1978) 248–250.]Search in Google Scholar
[140. Yamashita, M., K. Wakabayashi, M. Nagao, S. Sato, and N. Kinea: Amounts of heterocyclic amines in the basic fraction of cigarette smoke condensates; Environ. Mutagen Soc. Japan Mtg., Akita, Japan: see Abstract in Mutat. Res. 164 (1986) 286; Yamashita, M., K. Waka-bayashi, M. Nagao, S. Sato, Z. Yamaizumi, M. Taka-hashi, N. Kinea, I. Tomita, and T. Sugimura: Detection of 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f] q u i n o l i n e i n c i g a r e t t e smoke condensate; Gann 77 (1986) 419–422.]Search in Google Scholar
[141. Felton, K.S. and M.G. Knize: Heterocyclic amine mutagens/carcinogens in foods; in: Chemical mutagene-sis and carcinogenesis, edited by C.S. Cooper and P.L. Grover, Springer-Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg, 1990, pp. 471–502.10.1007/978-3-642-74775-5_12]Search in Google Scholar
[142. Van Duuren, B.L.: The polynuclear aromatic hydro-carbons in cigarette-smoke condensate. II; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 21 (1958) 623–630: see Footnote added in proof, p. 629.]Search in Google Scholar
[143. Lavit-Lamy, D. and N.P. Buu-Hoï: The true nature of “dibenzo[a,l]pyrene” and its known derivatives; Chem. Comm. 4 (1966) 92–94.]Search in Google Scholar
[144. IARC: Polynuclear aromatic compounds, Part 1, Chemical, environmental and experimental data; in: IARC Monographs on the evaluation of the carcino-genic risk of chemicals to humans, Monograph 32 (1983) 321–325.]Search in Google Scholar
[145. National Cancer Institute: Report No. 5. Toward less hazardous cigarettes. Summary: Four skin painting bioassays using condensate from experimental ciga-rettes; DHEW Publ. (NIH) (September 1980).]Search in Google Scholar
[146. Rodgman, A.: Studies of polycyclic aromatic hydro-carbons in cigarette mainstream smoke: Identification, tobacco precursors, control of levels: A review; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 19 (2001) 361–379.]Search in Google Scholar
[147. Wynder, E.L.: Statement on lung cancer-cigarette smoking controversy: Chemical fractionation of cigarette smoke condensate; in: False and misleading advertising (Filter-tip cigarettes), Wynder reported on the studies of G.F Wright at the Hearing before Subcommittee on Government Operations (the Blatnik Hearings on Filtered Cigarettes) (July, 1957), pp. 63–114.]Search in Google Scholar
[148. Hecht, S.S.: Tobacco smoke carcinogens and lung cancer; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 91 (1999) 1194–1210.10.1093/jnci/91.14.119410413421]Search in Google Scholar
[149. Snook, M.E., R.F. Severson, H.C. Higman, R.F. Arrendale, and O.T. Chortyk: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of tobacco smoke: isolation and identification; Beitr. Tabakforsch. 8 (1976) 250–272.]Search in Google Scholar
[150. Snook, M.E., R.F. Severson, R.F. Arrendale, H.C. Higman, and O.T. Chortyk: Multi-alkylated poly-nuclear aromatic hydrocarbons of tobacco smoke: separation and identification; Beitr. Tabakforsch. Int. 9 (1978) 222–247.]Search in Google Scholar
[151. Heckman, R.A. and F.W. Best: An investigation of the lipophilic bases of cigarette smoke condensate; Tob. Sci. 25 (1981) 33–39.]Search in Google Scholar
[152. Newell, M.P., R.A. Heckman, R.F. Moates, C.R. Green, F.W. Best, and J.N. Schumacher: Isolation and identification of new components of the ether-soluble portion of cigarette smoke condensate; Tob. Sci. 22 (1978) 6–11.]Search in Google Scholar
[153. Schumacher, J.N., C.R. Green, F.W. Best, and M.P. Newell: Smoke composition. An extensive investigation of the water-soluble portion of cigarette smoke; J. Agr. Food Chem. 25 (1977) 310–320.]Search in Google Scholar
[154. Binder, H.: Ethylene oxide and chlorohydrin in tobacco and in smoke; Fachliche Mitt. Österr. Tabak-regie 15 (1974) 294–301.]Search in Google Scholar
[155. Binder, H. and W. Lindner: Bestimmung von Äthylen-oxid im Rauch garantiert unbegaster Zigaretten; Fachliche Mitt. Österr. Tabakregie 13 (1972) 215–220.]Search in Google Scholar
[156. Deutsch-Wenzel, R.P., H. Brune, G. Grimmer, G. Dettbarn, and J. Misfeld: Experimental studies in rat lungs on the carcinogenicity and dose-response relationships of eight frequently occurring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 71 (1983) 539–544.]Search in Google Scholar
[157. Adams, J.D., K.J. O'Mara-Adams, and D. Hoffmann: On the mainstream-sidestream distribution of smoke components from commercial cigarettes; 39th Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 39, Paper No. 34, 1985, p. 18; Toxic and carcinogenic agents in undiluted main-stream smoke and sidestream smoke of different types of cigarettes; Carcinogenesis 8 (1987) 729–731.]Search in Google Scholar
[158. Wynder, E.L., L. Fritz, and N. Furth: Effect of concen-tration of benzopyrene in skin carcinogenesis; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 19 (1957) 361–370.]Search in Google Scholar
[159. Poel, W.E.: Carcinogens and minimal carcinogenic doses; Science 123 (1956) 588.]Search in Google Scholar
[160. Poel, W.E. and A.G. Kammer: Preliminary studies in a quantitative approach to skin carcinogenesis; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 16 (1958) 989–994.]Search in Google Scholar
[161. Hecht, S.S., W.E. Bondinell, and D. Hoffmann: Isolation and identification of alkylchrysenes in cigarette smoke; 27th Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 27, Paper No. 32, 1973, p. 23; Chrysene and methyl-chrysenes: Presence in tobacco smoke and carcino-genicity; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 53 (1974) 1121–1133.]Search in Google Scholar
[162. Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Ein experimenteller Beitrag zur Tabakrauchkanzerogenese; Deut. Med. Wchnschr. 88 (1963) 623–628.10.1055/s-0028-111198914002123]Search in Google Scholar
[163. Dobrowolskaïa-Zavadskaïa, N.: Doses of 1,2,5,6-dibenzanthracene capable of producing cancer in mice; Comp. Rend. Soc. Biol. 129 (1938) 1055.]Search in Google Scholar
[164. Lyons, M.J. and H. Johnston: Chemical analysis of the neutral fraction of cigarettes smoke tar; Brit. J. Cancer 11 (1957) 554–562.]Search in Google Scholar
[165. Candeli, A., D. Hoffmann, and E.L. Wynder: Unpub-lished data cited in E.L. Wynder and D. Hoffmann: Experimental tobacco carcinogenesis; Adv. Cancer Res. 8 (1964) 249–453: see 323–333; also cited in Wynder, E.L. and D. Hoffmann: Tobacco and tobacco smoke: Studies in experimental carcinogenesis; Academic Press, New York N.Y., 1967: see 373–374, Table VIII-14.]Search in Google Scholar
[166. Schmeltz, I., W.S. Schlotzhauer, and E.B. Higman: Characteristic products from pyrolysis of nitrogenous organic substances; Beitr. Tabakforsch. 6 (1972) 134–138.]Search in Google Scholar
[167. Schmeltz, I., A. Wenger, D. Hoffmann, and T.C. Tso: Chemical studies on tobacco smoke. 63. On the fate of nicotine during pyrolysis and in a burning cigarette; J. Agr. Food Chem. 27 (1979) 602–608.]Search in Google Scholar
[168. Snook, M.E.: Nitrogen analogues of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons in tobacco smoke; in: Carcino-genesis: polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Vol. 3, edited by P.W. Jones and R.I. Freudenthal, Raven Press, New York, N.Y., 1978, pp. 203–215.]Search in Google Scholar
[169. Grimmer, G., K.W. Naujack, and G. Dettbarn: Gas chromatographic determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, aza-arenes, aromatic amines in the particle and vapor phase of mainstream and sidestream smoke of cigarettes; Internat. Exptl. Toxicol. Symp. on Passive Smoking, Essen FRG; Gas chromato-graphic determination of polycyclic aromatic hydro-carbons, aza-arenes, aromatic amines in the particle and vapor phase of mainstream and sidestream smoke of cigarettes; Toxicol. Lett. 35 (1987) 117–124.]Search in Google Scholar
[170. Kaburaki, Y., S. Sugawara, U. Kobashi, and T. Doi-hara: Studies on the composition of tobacco smoke. XIV. The formation of pyridines in the pyrolysis of nicotine; J. Agr. Chem. Soc. Japan 44 (1970) 224–231.]Search in Google Scholar
[171. Caldwell W. S. and J.M. Conner: Artifact formation during smoke trapping. An improved method for the determination of N-nitrosamines in cigarette smoke; 43rd Tobacco Chemists’ Research Conference, Program Booklet and Abstracts, Vol. 43, Paper No. 45, 1989, p. 37; Caldwell W.S. and J.M. Conner: Artifact formation during smoke trapping: An im-proved method for the determination of N-nitros-amines in cigarette smoke; J. Assoc. Official Anal. Chem.. 73 (1990) 783-789.]Search in Google Scholar
[172. Environmental Protection Agency: Maleic hydrazide: Notification of issuances of notice of intent to suspend pesticide registrations; Fed. Reg. 46 (No. 179) (1981) 46000.]Search in Google Scholar
[173. Griffin, H.R., M.B. Hocking, and D.G. Lowery: Arsenic determination in tobacco by atomic absorption spectrometry; Anal. Chem. 47 (1975) 229-233.]Search in Google Scholar
[174. Hoffmann, D., K.D. Brunnemann, J.D. Adams, and S.S. Hecht: Formation and analysis of N-nitrosamines in tobacco products and their endogenous formation in consumers; in: N-Nitroso compounds: Occurrence, biological effects and relationship to human cancer, edited by I.K. O'Neill, R.C. von Borstel, C.T. Miller, J. Long, and H. Bartsch, IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Sci. Publ. No. 57, 1984, pp. 743-762.]Search in Google Scholar
[175. Hecht, S.S. and D. Hoffmann: 4-(N-Methylnitros-amino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, a nicotine-derived tobacco-specific nitrosamine, and cancer of the lung and pancreas in humans; in: The origins of human cancer: A comprehensive review, edited by J. Brugge, T. Curran, E. Harlow, and F. McCormick, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, N.Y. 1991, pp. 745-755.]Search in Google Scholar
[176. IARC: 2-Naphthylamine; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 4 (1974) 97-111.]Search in Google Scholar
[177. Hoffmann, D., Y. Masuda, and E.L. Wynder: a-Naphthylamine and (3-naphthylamine in cigarette smoke; Nature 221(1969) 254-256.]Search in Google Scholar
[178. Schmeltz, I. and D. Hoffmann: Nitrogen-containing compounds in tobacco and tobacco smoke; Chem. Rev. 77 (1977) 295-311.]Search in Google Scholar
[179. IARC: 4-Aminobiphenyl; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 1 (1972) 74-79.]Search in Google Scholar
[180. IARC: Formaldehyde; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph [Suppl. 4] (1982) 131-132.]Search in Google Scholar
[181. Dalhamn, T., M.L. Edfors, and R. Rylander: Mouth absorption of various compounds in cigarette smoke; Arch. Environ. Hlth. 16 (1968) 831-835; Retention of cigarette smoke components in human lungs; Arch. Environ. Hlth. 17 (1968) 746-748.]Search in Google Scholar
[182. IARC: Benzene; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 7 (1974) 203-211; Benzene; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 29 (1982) 93-148.]Search in Google Scholar
[183. Shubik, P. and J.L. Hartwell: Survey of compounds which have been tested for carcinogenic activity; Suppl. 1, USPHS Publ. No. 149, Washington, D.C., 1957; Suppl. 2, USPHS Publ. No. 149, Washington, D.C., 1969.]Search in Google Scholar
[184. Thomas, J.I. et al: Survey of compounds which have been tested for carcinogenic activity; USPHS Publ. No. 149, Washington D.C., 1968/1969; 1970/1971.]Search in Google Scholar
[185. IARC: Acrylonitrile; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 19 (1979) 73-113.]Search in Google Scholar
[186. IARC: Vinyl chloride; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 19 (1979) 377-438.]Search in Google Scholar
[187. Schepartz, A.I.: The chemistry of cigar smoke. II. Some components of the neutral fraction; Tob. Sci. 4 (1960) 12-16.]Search in Google Scholar
[188. Dymicky, M., O.T. Chortyk, and R.L. Stedman: Composition studies on tobacco. XXVII. Polyphenol-amino acid leaf pigment: Further structural investigations; Tob. Sci. 11 (1967) 42–44; Dymicky, M. and R.L. Stedman: Composition studies on tobacco. XXV. Moieties in a high molecular weight smoke pigment: Alkaloids and a silicone; Phytochem. 6 (1967) 1025–1031.]Search in Google Scholar
[189. Nesemann, E., R. Schröder, and F. Seehofer: Metho-den zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Insektiziden in Tabak und Tabakrauch. I. Mitteilung: Zur Bestim-mung von Organo-Chlor-Insektiziden; Beitr. Tabak-forsch. 4 (1968) 182–188.]Search in Google Scholar
[190. Hoffmann, D., G. Rathkamp, and E.L. Wynder: Chemical studies on tobacco smoke. IX. Quantitative analysis of chlorinated hydrocarbon insecticides; Beitr. Tabakforsch. 5 (1969) 140–148.]Search in Google Scholar
[191. IARC: Hydrazine; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Mono-graph 4 (1974) 127–136, 173–175.]Search in Google Scholar
[192. Cogbill, E.C. and M.E. Hobbs: The transfer of metal-lic constituents to the mainstream smoke; Tob. Sci. 1 (1957) 68–73.]Search in Google Scholar
[193. Satterlee, H.S.: The problem of arsenic in American cigarettes; New Eng. J. Med. 254 (1956) 1149–1154.]Search in Google Scholar
[194. IARC: Arsenic and arsenic compounds; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 23 (1980) 39–141.]Search in Google Scholar
[195. IARC: Nickel and inorganic nickel compounds; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 3 (1973) 126–149.]Search in Google Scholar
[196. IARC: Chromium and chromium compounds; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 23 (1980) 205–323.]Search in Google Scholar
[197. IARC: Lead and lead compounds; IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Monograph 23 (1980) 325–415.]Search in Google Scholar
[198. Grimmer, G., H. Brune, R. Deutsch-Wenzel, K.W. Naujack, J. Misfeld, and J. Timm: On the contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the carcino-genic impact of automobile exhaust condensate evaluated by local application onto mouse; Cancer Lett. 21 (1983) 105–113.]Search in Google Scholar
[199. Grimmer, G., H. Brune, R. Deutsch-Wenzel, G. Dettbarn, and J. Misfeld: Contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to the carcinogenic impact of gasoline engine exhaust condensate evaluated by implantation into the lungs of rats; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 72: (1984) 733–739.]Search in Google Scholar
[200. Grimmer, G., H. Brune, R. Deutsch-Wenzel, G. Dettbarn, J. Misfeld, U. Abel, and J. Timm: The contribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon fractions with different boiling ranges to the carcino-genic impact of emission condensate from coal fired residential furnaces as evaluated by topical application to the skin of mice; Cancer Lett. 28 (1985) 203–211.]Search in Google Scholar
[201. Tricker, A.R.; N-Nitroso compounds and man: Sources of exposure, endogenous formation and occurrence in body fluids; Eur. J. Cancer Prev. 6 (1997) 226–268.]Search in Google Scholar
[202. Preussmann, R. and G. Eisenbrand: N-Nitroso carcino-gens in the environment; in: Chemical carcinogens. Second edition, edited by C.E. Searle, American Chemical Society Monograph 182, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1984, Chapter 13, pp. 829–868.]Search in Google Scholar
[203. Wattenberg, L.W. and J.B. Coccia: Inhibition of 4-methylnitrosamino-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone carcino-genesis in mice by d-limonene and citrus fruit oils; Carcinogenesis 12 (1991) 115-117.]Search in Google Scholar
[204. Homburger, F., A. Treger, and E. Boger: Inhibition of murine subcutaneous and intravenous benzopenta-phene carcinogenesis by sweet orange oils and d-limonene; Oncology 25 (1971) 1-10.]Search in Google Scholar
[205. Waddell, W. and C. Marlowe: Inhibition by alcohols of the localization of radioactive nitrosonornicotine in sites of tumor formation; Science 221 (1983) 51-52.]Search in Google Scholar
[206. Farinati, F., Z. Zhou, J. Bellah, CS. Liebers, and AJ. Garro: Effect of chronic ethanol consumption on acti-vation of nitrosopyrrolidine to a mutagen by rat upper alimentary tract, lung and hepatic tissue; Drug Metab. Dispos. 13 (1985) 210-214.]Search in Google Scholar
[207. Wattenberg, L.W.: Inhibitors of chemical carcinogens; in: Cancer: Achievements, challenges and prospects for the 1980’s, edited by J.H. Burchenal, Grune and Stratton, New York, N.Y., 1981, pp. 517-539.]Search in Google Scholar
[208. Takeda, K., S. Ukawa, and M. Mochizuki: Inhibition by fatty acids of direct mutagenicity of N-nitroso compounds; in: Relevance to human cancer of N-nitroso compounds, tobacco and mycotoxins, edited by I.K. O'Neill, J. Chen, and H. Bartsch, IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Sci. Publ. No. 105 (1991) 558-563.]Search in Google Scholar
[209. Chung, F.L., A. Juchatz, J. Vitarius, and S.S. Hecht: Effects of dietary compounds on a-hydroxylation of N-nitrosopyrrolidine and N -nitrosonornicotine in rat target tissues; Cancer Res. 44 (1984) 2924.]Search in Google Scholar
[210. Chung, F.L., A. Juchatz, J. Vitarius, B. Reiss, and S.S. Hecht: Inhibition of target tissue activation of N’-nitrosonornicotine and N-nitrosopyrrolidine by dietary components; in: N-Nitroso compounds: Occurrence, biological effects and relevance to human cancer, edited by I.K. O'Neill, R.C. von Borstel, C.T. Miller, J. Long, and H. Bartsch, IARC, Lyon, France, IARC Sci. Publ. No. 57 (1984) 797-804.]Search in Google Scholar
[211. Van Duuren, B.L., A. Sivak, C. Katz, and S. Mel-chionne: Cigarette smoke carcinogenesis: Importance of tumor promoters; J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 47 (1971) 235-240.]Search in Google Scholar
[212. Thompson, H.J.: Effect of deficiencies of selenium and vitamin E alone or in combination on the induction of mammary carcinogenesis by 1-methyl-1-nitrosourea; Carcinogenesis 12 (1991) 2175-2179.]Search in Google Scholar
[213. Teel, R. and A. Castonguay: Antimutagenic effects of polyphenolic compounds; Cancer Lett. 66 (1992) 107–113.]Search in Google Scholar
[214. Chung, F.L., M.A. Morse, K.I. Eklind, and Y. Xu: Inhibition of tobacco-specific nitrosamine-induced lung tumorigenesis by compounds derived from cruciferous vegetables and green tea; in: Tobacco smoking and nutrition: Influence of nutrition on tobacco-associated health risks, edited by J.N. Diana and W.A. Pryor, Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 686 (1993) 186–202.]Search in Google Scholar
[215. Schüller, H.M., A. Castonguay, M. Orloff, and G. Rossignol: Modulation of the uptake and metabolism of 4-(N-methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone by nicotine; Cancer Res. 51 (1991) 2009–2114.]Search in Google Scholar
[216. Berry, D.L., T.J. Slaga, J. DiGiovanni, and M.R. Juchau: Chlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, polybromi-nated biphenyls, and polychlorinated biphenyls in a two-stage system of mouse skin tumorigenesis: Potent anticarcinogenic effects; Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 320 (1979) 405–414.]Search in Google Scholar
[217. Cohen, G.M.; W.P. Bracken, R.P. Iyer, D.L. Berry, and T.J. Slaga: Anticarcinogenic effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin on benzo[a]pyrene and 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene tumor initiation and its relationship to DNA binding; Cancer Res. 39 (1979) 4027–4033.]Search in Google Scholar
[218. DiGiovanni, J.; D.L. Berry, G.L. Gleason, G.S. Kishore, and T.J. Slaga: Time-dependent inhibition by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin of skin tumori-genesis with polycyclic hydrocarbons; Cancer Res. 40 (1980) 1580–1587.]Search in Google Scholar
