<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>Strategic information operations (IO) have normally been viewed as an issue above the military level. Nevertheless, they are critical both in shaping the larger operational environment and in providing a strategic initiative short of war. As such, they are crucial for military strategists. Also, in most Western countries, the focus has been on defensive measures against opponents’ IO efforts. Such a defensive mindset is unlikely to succeed. Some long-term patterns and lessons learned in IO provide a useful template for both defensive and offensive IO campaigns.</p>
</abstract>

Strategic information operations (IO) have normally been viewed as an issue above the military level. Nevertheless, they are critical both in shaping the larger operational environment and in providing a strategic initiative short of war. As such, they are crucial for military strategists. Also, in most Western countries, the focus has been on defensive measures against opponents’ IO efforts. Such a defensive mindset is unlikely to succeed. Some long-term patterns and lessons learned in IO provide a useful template for both defensive and offensive IO campaigns.

Planning for Strategic Information Operations

CONTEMPORARY MILITARY CHALLENGES

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

{"article-title":"Planning for Strategic Information Operations"}

Strategic information operations (IO) have normally been viewed as an issue above the military level. Nevertheless, they are critical both in shaping the...

Planning for Strategic Information Operations

Published Online: Jun 26, 2024

Page range: 9 - 20

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cmc-2024-0010

Keywords
Information operations, disinformation, information warfare, political warfare

© 2024 Lawrence E. Cline, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Planning for Strategic Information Operations

Published Online: Jun 26, 2024

Page range: 9 - 20

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cmc-2024-0010

KeywordsInformation operations, disinformation, information warfare, political warfare

© 2024 Lawrence E. Cline, published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Keywords
Information operations, disinformation, information warfare, political warfare