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No escape from COVID-19 consequences: cross-sectoral evaluation of impact on unemployment in Slovakia

Lucia Svabova
Lucia Svabova
, 
Eva Nahalkova Tesarova
Eva Nahalkova Tesarova
, 
Lenka Strakova
Lenka Strakova
 and 
Marek Durica
Marek Durica
   | May 11, 2022
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Published Online: May 11, 2022
Page range: 27 - 41
Received: Jul 12, 2021
Accepted: Feb 14, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/cejpp-2022-0004
Keywords
© 2022 Lucia Svabova et al., published by Sciendo
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Fig. 1

Inflow of newly registered jobseekers in total. Source: own elaboration
Inflow of newly registered jobseekers in total. Source: own elaboration

Fig. 2

Impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sectors O, P and Q.Source: own elaboration.
Impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sectors O, P and Q.Source: own elaboration.

Fig. 3

Monthly impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sector F – construction.Source: own elaboration.
Monthly impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sector F – construction.Source: own elaboration.

Fig. 4

Monthly impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sector I – accommodation and food service activities.Source: own elaboration.
Monthly impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sector I – accommodation and food service activities.Source: own elaboration.

Fig. 5

Monthly impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sector R – arts, entertainment and recreation.Source: own elaboration.
Monthly impact of the pandemic on unemployment in sector R – arts, entertainment and recreation.Source: own elaboration.

Timeline of anti-pandemic measures in Slovakia. Source: own elaboration according to Wikipedia (2021)

Start date of the measure Introduced measure
6 March 2020 The first confirmed case of COVID-19 in the SR
10 March 2020 Prohibition of organising events, mandatory quarantine for all those who have returned from the most affected countries
12 March 2020 Closing schools and leisure facilities, stopping international transport and introducing mandatory quarantine when returning from abroad
15 March 2020 Declaration of a state of emergency
16 March 2020 Closure of all schools and leisure facilities, compulsory state quarantine, prohibited retail sales and services
25 March 2020 Compulsory wearing of masks
22 April 2020 The first phase of loosening restrictions
6 May 2020 The second and third phases of loosening restrictions
20 May 2020 The fourth phase of loosening restrictions
3 June 2020 The fifth phase of loosening restrictions
14 June 2020 End of the state of emergency in the SR
22 June 2020 Opening of schools on a voluntary basis
11 August 2020 The second wave of pandemic in SR
3 September 2020 Introduction of district pandemic ‘traffic lights’
1 October 2020 Declaration of a state of emergency in the SR, new anti-pandemic measures
12 October 2020 Interruption of classroom learning in high schools
15 October 2020 New measures about wearing masks, mass events and restrictions on the operation of restaurants
23 October 2020 Pilot mass testing in selected districts of Slovakia
31 October–1 November 2020 The first round of mass testing
7 November–8 November 2020 The second round of mass testing
24 October 2020 Lockdown, curfew
26 October 2020 Closing of all schools
9 November 2020 Changes in the exceptions from lockdown
16 November 2020 Loosening of restrictions
16 December 2020 Introduction of COVID automat
19 December 2020 Lockdown
21 December 2020 Compulsory quarantine for travellers from Great Britain
1 January 2021 Stricter measures, curfew and ban on visits, regulation of work from home
3 March 2021 Night curfew, restrictions on movement outside the district of permanent residence
15 March 2020 Mandatory wearing respirators indoors
25 March 2020 Tightening the night curfew and movement outside the district of permanent residence

Quantification of the impact of the pandemic on unemployment in NACE sectors. Source: own elaboration

Code Economic Area Real average Predicted average Impact Average impact monthly (%) Impact (%)
A agriculture, forestry and fishing 213,69 186,29 27,40 31,80 14,71
B mining and quarrying 17,54 16,46 1,08 5,63 6,54
C manufacturing 2146,92 1840,69 306,23 16,08 16,64
D electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply 28,46 19,51 8,95 61,75 45,87
E water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities 68,23 63,73 4,50 9,63 7,07
F construction 512,00 271,13 240,87 141,21 88,84
G wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles 1582,54 1507,57 74,97 5,04 4,97
H transportation and storage 435,08 344,34 90,74 26,60 26,35
I accommodation and food service activities 701,76 373,26 328,50 86,05 88,01
J information and communication 195,08 173,17 21,91 12,18 12,65
K financial and insurance activities 149,23 147,40 1,83 0,64 1,24
L real estate activities 142,92 101,23 41,69 41,46 41,19
M professional, scientific and technical activities 430,77 383,79 46,98 12,47 12,24
N administrative and support service activities 690,85 599,55 91,30 15,17 15,23
O public administration and defence; compulsory social security 486,77 695,03 −208,26 −31,84 −29,96
P education 335,23 347,13 −11,90 −3,09 −3,43
Q human health and social work activities 303,62 325,98 −22,36 −6,95 −6,86
R arts, entertainment and recreation 184,54 111,55 72,99 63,60 65,43
S other service activities 168,46 154,41 14,05 9,13 9,10
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