<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<italic>Study aim</italic>: The aim of this study is to investigate whether the lower extremity muscles’ force/torque/strength and range of motion may be affected in females wearing high heeled shoes and not wearing high heeled shoes.
<italic>Material and methods</italic>: The study was carried out with 136 females aged between 18 and 45 years. The first group consisted of 66 females wearing 5 cm or higher high heeled shoes. The second group consisted of 70 females wearing shoes having heel height less than 5 cm. The Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester was used to evaluate lower extremity muscle force/torque/strength, while range of motion was assessed with an electronic goniometer. The SPSS 21.0 program was used for statistical analysis.
<italic>Results</italic>: A significant difference was found in the lower extremity muscles’ force (except for hip adduction, dorsiflexion, metatarsophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint extension), and muscles’ torque (except for hip adduction, dorsiflexion and left tibialis anterior muscle) and muscles’ strength values (except for hip adduction, dorsiflexion and tibialis anterior muscle). Also, as heel height increased, the range of motion of hip joint flexion, internal rotation and plantar flexion increased significantly.
<italic>Conclusions</italic>: Excessive use of high heeled shoes can cause changes in muscle force/torque/strength and joint range of motion.
</abstract>

Study aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether the lower extremity muscles’ force/torque/strength and range of motion may be affected in females wearing high heeled shoes and not wearing high heeled shoes.
Material and methods: The study was carried out with 136 females aged between 18 and 45 years. The first group consisted of 66 females wearing 5 cm or higher high heeled shoes. The second group consisted of 70 females wearing shoes having heel height less than 5 cm. The Nicholas Manual Muscle Tester was used to evaluate lower extremity muscle force/torque/strength, while range of motion was assessed with an electronic goniometer. The SPSS 21.0 program was used for statistical analysis.
Results: A significant difference was found in the lower extremity muscles’ force (except for hip adduction, dorsiflexion, metatarsophalangeal joint and interphalangeal joint extension), and muscles’ torque (except for hip adduction, dorsiflexion and left tibialis anterior muscle) and muscles’ strength values (except for hip adduction, dorsiflexion and tibialis anterior muscle). Also, as heel height increased, the range of motion of hip joint flexion, internal rotation and plantar flexion increased significantly.
Conclusions: Excessive use of high heeled shoes can cause changes in muscle force/torque/strength and joint range of motion.

The effects of wearing high heeled shoes on the muscles and joints of lower limb

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine

Biomedical Human Kinetics

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

{"article-title":"The effects of wearing high heeled shoes on the muscles and joints of lower limb"}

Study aim: The aim of this study is to investigate whether the lower extremity muscles’ force/torque/strength and range of motion may be affected in females...

The effects of wearing high heeled shoes on the muscles and joints of lower limb

Published Online: Mar 15, 2021

Page range: 81 - 96

Received: Sep 10, 2020

Accepted: Jan 15, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2021-0011

Keywords
High heeled shoes, Isometric muscle force, Torque, Strength

© 2021 Sema Polat et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

The effects of wearing high heeled shoes on the muscles and joints of lower limb

Published Online: Mar 15, 2021

Page range: 81 - 96

Received: Sep 10, 2020

Accepted: Jan 15, 2021

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2021-0011

KeywordsHigh heeled shoes, Isometric muscle force, Torque, Strength

© 2021 Sema Polat et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License.

Keywords
High heeled shoes, Isometric muscle force, Torque, Strength