<abstract xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">

<p>The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effects of the green macroalgae (<italic>Ulva intestinalis</italic>) on growth performance, immune parameters of serum and mucus, liver enzymes and the expression of genes related to growth (GH and IGF-1), and immunity (IL1-β and Lyz) in common carp (<italic>Cyprinus carpio</italic>). The test was carried out in eight weeks with the treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% macroalgae and three replications for each group. At the end of the course, growth indices, serum and mucus total protein, total immunoglobulin, lysozyme, and liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. Additionally, the expression of growth (GH and IGF-1) and Immunity (IL1-β and Lyz) genes was evaluated using real-time PCR in the brain, liver, and intestine. Based on the results, a significant difference was observed in the levels of total protein, total immunoglobulin, and mucus lysozyme in the fish that received 1% <italic>U. intestinalis</italic> compared to the control group (P&lt;0.05). In addition, the amount of total protein, total immunoglobulin, and lysozyme in the control group and the other treatments represented a significant difference (P&lt;0.05). Although the initial weight did not show a significant difference among the treatments (P>0.05), the final growth parameters significantly varied in different treatments, with the highest final weight observed in fish fed with 0.25% algae (P&lt;0.05). The results of the expression of immune genes lysozyme (Lyz) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) indicated a significant difference with the control group (P&lt;0.05), representing an increasing pattern with the rising percentage of macroalgae (P&lt;0.05). The supplement was also found effective in promoting the expression of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) compared to the control fish (P&lt;0.05), revealing an increasing pattern for the IGF-1 gene with the elevated level of the supplement. In general, according to the results of the present study, <italic>U.intestinalis</italic> can be recommended in carp aquaculture, most preferably at the level of 1% of daily feed, as it could significantly enhance the growth and innate immunity of fish.</p>
</abstract>

The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effects of the green macroalgae (Ulva intestinalis) on growth performance, immune parameters of serum and mucus, liver enzymes and the expression of genes related to growth (GH and IGF-1), and immunity (IL1-β and Lyz) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The test was carried out in eight weeks with the treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% macroalgae and three replications for each group. At the end of the course, growth indices, serum and mucus total protein, total immunoglobulin, lysozyme, and liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. Additionally, the expression of growth (GH and IGF-1) and Immunity (IL1-β and Lyz) genes was evaluated using real-time PCR in the brain, liver, and intestine. Based on the results, a significant difference was observed in the levels of total protein, total immunoglobulin, and mucus lysozyme in the fish that received 1% U. intestinalis compared to the control group (P<0.05). In addition, the amount of total protein, total immunoglobulin, and lysozyme in the control group and the other treatments represented a significant difference (P<0.05). Although the initial weight did not show a significant difference among the treatments (P>0.05), the final growth parameters significantly varied in different treatments, with the highest final weight observed in fish fed with 0.25% algae (P<0.05). The results of the expression of immune genes lysozyme (Lyz) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) indicated a significant difference with the control group (P<0.05), representing an increasing pattern with the rising percentage of macroalgae (P<0.05). The supplement was also found effective in promoting the expression of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) compared to the control fish (P<0.05), revealing an increasing pattern for the IGF-1 gene with the elevated level of the supplement. In general, according to the results of the present study, U.intestinalis can be recommended in carp aquaculture, most preferably at the level of 1% of daily feed, as it could significantly enhance the growth and innate immunity of fish.

Dietary administration of green macroalgae (<italic>Ulva intestinalis</italic>) on growth performance, serum immune parameters, and gene expression in Common carp (<italic>Cyprinus carpio)</italic>

Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources

Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO

Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture

Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University

Department of Animal and Aquatic Sciences

Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University

Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Tehran

Annals of Animal Science

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Dietary administration of green macroalgae () on growth performance, serum immune parameters, and gene expression in Common carp (

The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effects of the green macroalgae (Ulva intestinalis) on growth performance, immune parameters of serum and mucus, liver enzymes and the expression of genes related to growth (GH and IGF-1), and immunity (IL1-β and Lyz) in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The test was carried out in eight weeks with the treatments supplemented with 0 (control), 0.25%, 0.5%, and 1% macroalgae and three replications for each group. At the end of the course, growth indices, serum and mucus total protein, total immunoglobulin, lysozyme, and liver enzymes including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase were evaluated. Additionally, the expression of growth (GH and IGF-1) and Immunity (IL1-β and Lyz) genes was evaluated using real-time PCR in the brain, liver, and intestine. Based on the results, a significant difference was observed in the levels of total protein, total immunoglobulin, and mucus lysozyme in the fish that received 1% U. intestinalis compared to the control group (P0.05), the final growth parameters significantly varied in different treatments, with the highest final weight observed in fish fed with 0.25% algae (P<0.05). The results of the expression of immune genes lysozyme (Lyz) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) indicated a significant difference with the control group (P<0.05), representing an increasing pattern with the rising percentage of macroalgae (P<0.05). The supplement was also found effective in promoting the expression of growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1) compared to the control fish (P<0.05), revealing an increasing pattern for the IGF-1 gene with the elevated level of the supplement. In general, according to the results of the present study, U.intestinalis can be recommended in carp aquaculture, most preferably at the level of 1% of daily feed, as it could significantly enhance the growth and innate immunity of fish.

The purpose of this experiment was to assess the effects of the green macroalgae (Ulva intestinalis) on growth performance, immune parameters of serum and...

Dietary administration of green macroalgae (Ulva intestinalis) on growth performance, serum immune parameters, and gene expression in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Published Online: Jul 19, 2024

Page range: -

Received: Jan 12, 2024

Accepted: Jun 10, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2024-0070

Keywords
immunity, growth, genes expression, common carp

© 2024 Roghieh Safari et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Dietary administration of green macroalgae (Ulva intestinalis) on growth performance, serum immune parameters, and gene expression in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Published Online: Jul 19, 2024

Page range: -

Received: Jan 12, 2024

Accepted: Jun 10, 2024

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/aoas-2024-0070

Keywordsimmunity, growth, genes expression, common carp

© 2024 Roghieh Safari et al., published by Sciendo

This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

Keywords
immunity, growth, genes expression, common carp